Английская Википедия:Ensenhamen

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Шаблон:Italic title

Файл:Ensenhamen.PNG
Ensenhame personified as a king in the 14th-century Breviari d'amor of Matfre Ermengau

An Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:IPA, Шаблон:Gloss or Шаблон:Gloss) was an Old Occitan didactic (often lyric) poem associated with the troubadours. As a genre of Occitan literature, its limits have been open to debate since it was first defined in the 19th century. The word Шаблон:Lang has many variations in old Occitan: Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang, and Шаблон:Lang.

The Шаблон:Lang had its own subgenres, such as "conduct literature" that told noblewomen the proper way to comport themselves and "mirror of princes" literature that told the nobleman how to be chivalrous. Besides these were types defining and encouraging courtly love and courtly behaviour, from topics as mundane as table manners to issues of sexual ethics.

The earliest attestable Шаблон:Lang was written around 1155 by Garin lo Brun. It is the Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Gloss. Around 1170 Arnaut Guilhem de Marsan wrote the Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Gloss for a warrior audience. A decade or so later Arnaut de Mareuil wrote a long, classically-informed Шаблон:Lang on Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Gloss. In the 1220s or 1230s the subject of honour was treated by the Italian troubadour Sordel in his Шаблон:Lang and by Uc de Saint Circ in a similarly titled work. Late in the thirteenth century the Catalan Cerverí de Girona wrote an Шаблон:Lang of proverbs in 1,197 quartets for his son. Even later, another Catalan troubadour, Amanieu de Sescars, composed two Шаблон:Lang: the Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Gloss dictating ideal knightly behaviour and the Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Gloss prescribing respectable behaviour for young women. Daude de Pradas wrote an Шаблон:Lang on the four cardinal virtues. Peire Lunel wrote Шаблон:Lang in 1326, the latest example of the genre. At de Mons and Raimon Vidal are other known contributors to the genre.

There were also mock Шаблон:Lang designed to satirise the jongleurs. Шаблон:Lang by Guiraut de Calanso is an example. Bertran de Paris and Guiraut de Cabreira (Шаблон:Lang) are also known to have written this way.

Sources

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Шаблон:Western medieval lyric forms Шаблон:Authority control