When the Jesuits established themselves in Alsace, they took over the school, which had been founded by the priest of Ensisheim, Jean Rasser, in1583.
The small college included five classes, a boarding school and a chapel. This school was intended to promote Catholic teaching, and improve education, in a region where Lutherans were actively present.
19th century - Conversion into prison
By an imperial decree of 23 February 1811, the buildings were redesigned by architect Louis-Ambroise Dubut for prisoners serving terms of imprisonment of more than 1 year.[1]
20th century
In 1938, after the abolition of French penal colonies, many prisoners from those prisons were sent to Ensisheim to complete their sentences.
Description
Covering an area of 182 hectares, the prison has 205 cells and accommodates around 200 prisoners, mainly those sentenced to long sentences or life in prison.[2][3]
Part of the main building has been registered as an historical building since 1987.[4][5] The prison guard quarters, built in the19th century, are also protected.[6]
Incidents
In April 1988, some of the prison's historic buildings were damaged in a fire after a mutiny broke out.
Between January 2010 and June 2017, there were at least 4 hostage incidents at the prison.[2][7][8][9][10][11]
Notorious detainees
Amongst the prison's most notorious detainees have included:
Jean Paul Leconte, the serial killer and rapist known as the «The Killer of the Somme»;
Nordine Kelkal, brother of the Algerian Islamist terrorist Khaled Kelkal, responsible for a wave of attacks committed in France in 1995;
Abane Ramdane, Algerian political activist and revolutionary;
Jean-Jacques Susini, one of the leaders of the OAS, a far-right paramilitary and terrorist organisation.
Prison in popular culture
The short story «La Vengeance du pardon» (2017) by Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt is set in the prison.
