Английская Википедия:Environment of China
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Lead too short Шаблон:Use dmy dates
The environment of China (Шаблон:Zh) comprises diverse biotas, climates, and geologies. Rapid industrialization, population growth, and lax environmental oversight have caused many environmental issues and large-scale pollution.[1]
Geology
Biota
Wildlife
Flora
Climate
Climate change
Protected areas of China
Environmental issues
Rapid industrialization, population growth, and lax environmental oversight have caused many environmental issues, such as large-scale pollution in China.[2] As of 2013, Beijing, which lies in a topographic bowl, has significant industry, and heats with coal, is subject to air inversions resulting in extremely high levels of pollution in winter months.[3]
In January 2013, fine airborne particulates that pose the largest health risks, rose as high as 993 micrograms per cubic meter in Beijing, compared with World Health Organization guidelines of no more than 25. The World Bank estimates that 16 of the world's most-polluted cities are located in China.[4]
According to Jared Diamond, the six main categories of environmental problems of China are: air pollution, water problems, soil problems, habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and mega projects.[5] Diamond also states that, "China is noted for the frequency, number, extent, and damage of its natural disasters".[5]
Many of the Chinese citizens started to wonder if air pollution is the cause of the increase of lung cancer. This question began to rise because the citizens in China must constantly wear face masks to avoid breathing in the hazardous particles from their polluted skies. Some experts agree that it is the reason, but others say there isn't enough evidence. Wang Ning, deputy director of the Beijing Office for Prevention and Control, says he has seen a rise in a certain cancer called adenicarcinoma, which is a mucus that is seen as a side effect from pollution. China's lung cancer rate is 32% of the entire world's lung cancer patients. Meanwhile, as lung cancer increases, gastric, esophageal, and cervical cancer have all decreased in China.[6]
See also
- Environmental policy in China
- Environmentalism in China
- Geographic Information Systems in China
- Hot summer cold winter zone
- Land use in China
References
Further reading
- Elvin, Mark. The retreat of the elephants: an environmental history of China (Yale University Press, 2004). excerpt
- Heijdra, Martin. "Texts, Space and Time: New Insights into Chinese Environmental History." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 42.4 (1999): 549-565.
- Maohong, Bao. "Environmental history in China." Environment and History (2004): 475-499. online
- Marks, Robert B. China: An environmental history (Rowman & Littlefield, 2017). excerpt
Шаблон:Health in the People's Republic of China
Шаблон:China topics
Шаблон:Asia topic
Шаблон:Portal bar
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Jared Diamond, Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed, Penguin Books, 2005 and 2011 (Шаблон:ISBN). See chapter 12 entitled "China, Lurching Giant" (pages 258-377).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
