Английская Википедия:Eremophila oldfieldii
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Eremophila oldfieldii, commonly known as pixie bush, is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with rough bark, broad, flat or narrow fleshy leaves and red, orange or yellow flowers.
Description
Eremophila oldfieldii is a rounded shrub which grows to a height of Шаблон:Convert or a small tree with rough, grey-brown bark which reaches Шаблон:Convert. The leaves are arranged alternately along the branches and are Шаблон:Convert long. Their width and shape depends on subspecies: subspecies oldfieldii has leaves that are thin, flat, narrow lance-shaped to elliptic and Шаблон:Convert wide; subspecies angustifolia leaves are linear to almost cylindrical in shape, thick, fleshy and Шаблон:Convert wide.[1][2]
The flowers are borne singly in leaf axils on a flattened, S-shaped, glabrous stalk Шаблон:Convert long. There are 5 oblong to lance-shaped sepals which are Шаблон:Convert long and which are green or brown. The petals are Шаблон:Convert long and are joined at their lower end to form a tube. The petal tube is red to orange-yellow and glabrous on the outside surface. The edges and inside surface of the petal lobes are covered with glandular hairs. The 4 stamens extend beyond the end of the petal tube. Flowering occurs from May to October and the fruits which follow are almost spherical in shape, wrinkled, glabrous and Шаблон:Convert long with a papery covering.[1][2]
Taxonomy and naming
The first formal description of this species was published in 1859 by botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae.[3][4] The specific epithet (oldfieldii) honours Augustus Frederick Oldfield who made the type collection.[1][2]
Subspecies
Two subspecies have been described:
- Eremophila oldfieldii F.Muell. subsp. oldfieldii[5] which has thin, flat leaves;[1]
- Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia (S.Moore) Chinnock[6] which has thick, narrow, fleshy leaves.[1]
A third, distinctive, rare subspecies, known as Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. Karara was discovered in 2010 but is yet to be formally described.[2][7] It only grows near Rothsay in the Yalgoo biogeographic region and is classified as "Priority One" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife,[8] meaning that it is known from only one or a few locations which are potentially at risk.[8][9]
Distribution and habitat
Subspecies oldfieldii is a common widespread eremophila which grows in clay, loam or calcareous sand between Wongan Hills and Shark Bay[2] in the Avon Wheatbelt, Carnarvon, Coolgardie, Geraldton Sandplains, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions.[10] Subspecies angustifolia grows in rocky places between Kalgoorlie and Cue[2] in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Geraldton Sandplains, Great Victoria Desert, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions.[11]
Conservation
The two formally described subspecies of E. oldfieldii have been classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.[12]
Use in horticulture
The bright red flowers of this large shrub stand out from its dark green leaves. It is a hardy plant which has been grown in eastern Australia and can be used as a windbreak or screening plant. It can be propagated from cuttings and grown in a wide range of soils in either full sun or partial shade. It is very drought tolerant but may be damaged by severe frosts.[13]
References
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- Eremophila (plant)
- Eudicots of Western Australia
- Endemic flora of Western Australia
- Plants described in 1859
- Taxa named by Ferdinand von Mueller
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- Википедия
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