Английская Википедия:Esmarch bandage

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Файл:Esmarch original.jpg
Original Esmarch bandage. It shows a series of pictures, printed in black and white, depicting a man being bandaged in several ways.
Файл:Dreiecktuch4.JPG
Esmarch bandage in its packaging.
Файл:Vernaid bandage.jpg
Vernaid bandage
Файл:66000532-Esmarch-bandage.JPG
Another first-aid bandage

Esmarch bandage (also known as Esmarch's bandage for surgical haemostasis or Esmarch's tourniquet) in its modern form is a narrow (Шаблон:Convert wide) soft rubber bandage that is used to expel venous blood from a limb (exsanguinate) that has had its arterial supply cut off by a tourniquet. The limb is often elevated as the elastic pressure is applied. The exsanguination is necessary to enable some types of delicate reconstructive surgery where bleeding would obscure the working area. A bloodless area is also required to introduce local anaesthetic agents for a regional nerve block. This method was first described by Augustus Bier in 1908.[1]

The original version was designed by Friedrich von Esmarch, professor of surgery at the University of Kiel, Germany, and is generally used in battlefield medicine. Esmarch himself had been surgeon general to the German army during the Franco-German War. It consisted of a three-sided piece of linen or cotton, the base measuring Шаблон:Convert and the sides Шаблон:Convert. It could be used folded or open, and applied in thirty-two different ways. An improved form was devised by Bernhard von Langenbeck later on.

Esmarch bandages are also used by cardiac surgeons in delayed mediastinal closure for patients who have experienced certain complications post cardiac surgery (e.g. myocardial oedema or severe postoperative bleeding).

See also

Шаблон:Commons category

General references

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:EB1911


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