Английская Википедия:Essex girl

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Файл:Essex UK locator map 2010.svg

Location of Essex in the UK, immediately northeast of London

Essex girl, as a pejorative stereotype in the United Kingdom, applies to a woman viewed as promiscuous and unintelligent, characteristics jocularly attributed to women from the county of Essex. It is applied widely throughout the country and has gained popularity over time, dating from the 1980s and 1990s.

Negative stereotype

The stereotypical image formed as a variation of the dumb blonde/bimbo persona, with references to the Estuary English accent, white stiletto heels, mini skirts, silicone-augmented breasts, peroxide blonde hair, over-indulgent use of fake tan (lending an orange appearance), promiscuity, loud verbal vulgarity, and socialising at downmarket nightclubs.

Time magazine recorded:

Accent

Шаблон:Unreferenced section As mentioned above, the stereotypical Essex girl has an Estuary English accent, but with a very modern element to it. It has some pronunciation features of the Cockney accent but without the traditional element, and a very modern prosody.

Here are some examples of pronunciation features of the Essex girl stereotype:

Segments

Vowels

• Strong diphthongization of the FLEECE, happY and GOOSE vowels Шаблон:IPA
• The FACE and GOAT vowels may be very open Шаблон:IPA
• Very open utterance-final /ə/
• The sequences /uːl/, /ʊl/, /ɔːl/ and /əl/ may all be pronounced Шаблон:IPA

Consonants

• The sequences /ən/ and /əm/ are nearly never syllabic consonants.
• Very strong tendency to vocalise coda-/l/, thus Шаблон:IPA instead of Шаблон:IPA
• Final /ɪŋ/ can have Шаблон:IPA or the typically northern Шаблон:IPA
• Strong degree of t-glottalization Шаблон:IPA and glottal reinforcement before /t, p, k/ → Шаблон:IPA
• The /k/ in like may be glottalized as well.
• Frequent th-fronting

Prosody

Isochrony

• Tendency to lengthen the final syllables of words or sentences: happen Шаблон:IPA; couldn't Шаблон:IPA; lovely Шаблон:IPA; what's that? Шаблон:IPA

Intonation

• Dipping tone on the final segments of words or sentences: basically Шаблон:IPA; someone else Шаблон:IPA; say to me Шаблон:IPA

Challenging the stereotype

In 2004, Bob Russell, Liberal Democrat MP for Colchester in Essex, appealed for debate in the House of Commons on the issue, encouraging a boycott of The People tabloid, which has printed several derogatory references to girls from Essex.

The Essex Women's Advisory Group was set up in 2010 to combat the negative stereotyping of girls living in Essex by supporting Essex-based women's charities helping those in need as well as by funding projects that promote women's and girls' learning and success in science, technology, the arts, sports and business. The charitable fund is administered by the Essex Community Foundation.

On 6 October 2016, Juliet Thomas and Natasha Sawkins of The Mother Hub launched a campaign on social media to draw attention to the negative definition of Essex girl in the Oxford English Dictionary and Collins Dictionary. Their main goal was to raise awareness and to open a dialogue around the derogatory "Essex girl" stereotype. Their campaign centred on changing the definition of "Essex girl" to "a girl from or living in Essex" by encouraging women to use the hashtag #IAmAnEssexGirl and included a petition to change or remove the dictionary definitions. The campaign reached the national press. In December 2020, after campaigning by the Essex Girls Liberation Front, the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, used to teach non-native English speakers, removed the term.

See also

• Chav
• Airhead (subculture)
• Ah Lian
• Essex man
• Valley girl
• Trixie
• The Only Way Is Essex
• Educating Essex

Further reading

• Шаблон:Citation
• Germaine Greer, "Long Live the Essex Girl", 4 March 2001, The Guardian