Английская Википедия:Etymology of Wales

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Шаблон:Short description This article describes the etymology of Wales, a country of the United Kingdom.

Origins

The English words "Wales" and "Welsh" derive from the same Old English root (singular Шаблон:Lang, plural Шаблон:Lang), a descendant of Proto-Germanic *Walhaz, which was itself derived from the name of the Gaulish people known to the Romans as Volcae and which came to refer indiscriminately to inhabitants of the Western Roman Empire. The Old English-speaking Anglo-Saxons came to use the term to refer to the Britons in particular; the plural form Шаблон:Lang evolved into the name for their territory, Wales.Шаблон:Sfn The modern names for various Romance-speaking people in Continental Europe (e.g. Wallonia, Wallachia, Шаблон:Lang, Vlachs, the German Шаблон:Lang, and Шаблон:Lang, the Polish name for Italy) have a similar etymology.Шаблон:Sfn

Historically in Britain, the words were not restricted to modern Wales or to the Welsh but were used to refer to anything that the Anglo-Saxons associated with the Britons, including other non-Germanic territories in Britain (e.g. Cornwall) and places in Anglo-Saxon territory associated with Britons (e.g. Walworth in County Durham and Walton in West Yorkshire).

Other names

Шаблон:See also The modern Welsh name for themselves is Шаблон:Lang, and Шаблон:Lang is the Welsh name for Wales. These words (both of which are pronounced Шаблон:IPA-cy) are descended from the Brythonic word combrogi, meaning "fellow-countrymen".Шаблон:Sfn In Welsh literature, the word Шаблон:Lang was used throughout the Middle Ages to describe the Welsh, though the older, more generic term Шаблон:Lang continued to be used to describe any of the Britonnic peoples (including the Welsh) and was the more common literary term until Шаблон:Circa. Thereafter Шаблон:Lang prevailed as a reference to the Welsh. Until Шаблон:Circa the word was spelt Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang, regardless of whether it referred to the people or their homeland.Шаблон:Sfn There have been discussions on whether Шаблон:Lang should be used instead of Wales to refer to the country in English.

The Latinised forms of these names, Cambrian, Cambric and Cambria, survive as lesser-used alternative names for Wales, Welsh and the Welsh people. Examples include the Cambrian Mountains (which cover much of Wales and gave their name to the Cambrian geological period), the newspaper Cambrian News, and the organisations Cambrian Airways, Cambrian Railways, Cambrian Archaeological Association and the Royal Cambrian Academy of Art. Outside Wales, a related form survives as the name Cumbria in North West England, which was once a part of Шаблон:Lang. The Cumbric language, which is thought to have been closely related to Welsh, was spoken in this area until becoming extinct around the 12th century.