Английская Википедия:European route E39

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox road

European route E39 is the designation of a Шаблон:Convert north–south road in Norway and Denmark from Klett, just south of Trondheim, to Aalborg via Bergen, Stavanger and Kristiansand. In total, there are nine ferries, more than any other single road in Europe.

In Trondheim, there are connections to E6 and E14. In Ålesund, to E136, in Bergen to E16, in Haugesund, to E134, in Kristiansand to E18, and in Aalborg to E45.

Norwegian part

Шаблон:Prose

Файл:Map E39 (Norway).svg
Route of E39 shown on map of Western/Southern Norway

In Norway, E39 is part of the Norwegian national road system, and is as such developed and maintained by the public roads administration.[1] E39 is mostly a two-lane undivided road, and only relatively short sections near Stavanger, Trondheim and Bergen are motorways or semi-motorways.

Trøndelag county

Trondheim
Melhus
Skaun
Orkland
Heim

Møre og Romsdal county

Файл:Halsa.jpg
Halsa ferry dock
Tingvoll
Gjemnes
Файл:Gjemnessundbrua2-Norway.jpg
Gjemnessund Bridge
Molde
Vestnes
Ålesund
Файл:E39-E136 utanför Ålesund.JPG
Roundabout in Ålesund
Sula
Ørsta
Volda

Vestland county

Файл:E39-anda.jpg
E39 bend at Anda near Sandane Airport
Stad
Gloppen
Файл:Nordfjorden.jpg
Nordfjord and E39 ferry Lote-Anda
Sunnfjord
Høyanger
Gulen
Masfjorden
Alver
Файл:Hagelsundbrua.JPG
Hagelsund Bridge
Файл:Nordhordlandsbrua2.jpg
Nordhordlandsbrua pontoon bridge at Bergen
Bergen
Fitjar
Stord
Sveio

Rogaland county

Tysvær
Bokn
Stavanger
Randaberg
Stavanger
Sandnes
Gjesdal
Bjerkreim
Eigersund
Lund

Agder County

Файл:E39 Hannevika Kristiansand.jpg
Vesterveien in Kristiansand
Flekkefjord
Kvinesdal
Lyngdal
Lindesnes
Kristiansand

Domestic ferries

The E39 ferries are operated by Fjord1 except the Volda-Folkestad and Festøya-Solavågen ferry, which are operated by Norled.

Файл:MF Stavangerfjord ved kai.JPG
Fjord1 ferry at Arsvågen dock.

Domestic car ferries on the E39 are regarded as an integral part of national highways. Ferries operate according to a published timetable and standard prices for vehicles and passengers.[1] [2] The E39 includes the following ferry routes from North to South (approximate crossing time in minutes):[2][3]

  • Halsa–Kanestraum 20 min.
  • Molde–Vestnes 35 min.
  • Solavågen–Festøya 20 min.
  • Anda–Lote 10 min.
  • Lavik–Oppedal 20 min.
  • Halhjem–Sandvikvåg 45 min.
  • Arsvågen–Mortavika 25 min.

The Norwegian government plans to replace all the ferries on E39 in Norway with bridges and tunnels.[4] This involves some of the longest proposed bridge spans.

History

In 1786, a royal decision was made to establish a postal route between Bergen and Trondheim. From the establishment of mail in Norway in 1647 until then, all mail between those cities went over to Oslo. To begin with, the route was for large parts usable for walking and horse riding only, but in the following decades it was rebuilt to allow horse carriages. Several parts required boat. The route was Bergen–Åsane–Hordvik–(boat over Salhusfjorden)–Isdal–Hundvin–Gulen–Rutledal–(boat over Sognefjorden)–Leirvik (Hyllestad)–Flekke–Dale–Bygstad–Førde–Jølster–Gloppen-(boat over Nordfjord)–Faleide (Stryn)–Hornindal–Hellesylt–Stranda–(boat along Storfjorden)–Sjøholt–Vestnes-(boat over Romsdalsfjorden)–Molde–Angvik–(boat over Tingvollfjorden)–Tingvoll–(boat over Halsafjord)–Stangvik–Skei–Rindal–Orkanger–Trondheim. The 1786 decision also included a mail route between Stavanger and Bergen. In 1858, mail was rerouted to newly established steam ships Bergen–Vadheim, and the mail route changed to Vadheim–Sande–Førde, in parts precisely along today's route.[5]

Since 1990, a number of long bridges and tunnels have replaced four of the ferries. The bridges and tunnels are:

Other large road projects include:

The route Trondheim–Ålesund–Bergen–Stavanger–Kristiansand was named E39 in 2000. Kristiansund–Stavanger was earlier riksveg 1 (national highway 1, "coastal through-road") from 1992 and riksveg 14 before 1992. Stavanger–Kristiansand was part of E18, and Trondheim – Kristiansund was riksveg 65 and riksveg 71.

Future

  • A Шаблон:Convert motorway south of Bergen is under construction and expected to be finished in 2022.
  • Rogfast, which will be the world's deepest and longest underwater road tunnel at Шаблон:Convert and Шаблон:Convert, was started (first blasting) in 2018 and is expected to be opened in 2033.[6]
  • The entire route from Stavanger to Kristiansand is planned to be rebuilt into 4 lane motorway before 2030, in total Шаблон:Convert remaining (as of 2021) to be built.
  • There are plans to replace every ferry link with a fixed connection. There are seven, but each presents a costly technical challenge as the fjords are wide and very deep, and have met public resistance.[7]
    Apart from Rogfast, two projects have a time plan, although delayed:
    • Hordfast (south of Bergen) is prioritised because of having the highest number of ferry ships, five in operation, and second-most vehicle traffic after Rogfast. It is prioritised despite being probably the most technically challenging of all these crossings. A five kilometre long floating bridge over Bjørnafjorden is planned, a new world record, in a stormy area, with clearing for ship traffic below. And a suspension bridge over Langenuen with Шаблон:Convert span, one of the longest in the world. The total cost for Hordfast is estimated to 37 billion NOK ($US Шаблон:To USD billion) in part paid by road tolls of around 400 NOK. Regulatory standards will be completed in 2023, and it is estimated to be completed in the 2030s.[8]
    • A crossing of Romsdalsfjorden (Ålesund–Molde), having a Шаблон:Convert undersea tunnel and a 2000-meter-long suspension bridge with Шаблон:Convert long span. Construction start is planned for around 2030.
  • The remaining four fjord crossings are more unsure, but are being investigated.

Norway–Denmark ferry

An international car ferry is operated by Color Line[9] and by Fjord Line (seasonally).[10]

Kristiansand – Hirtshals 3 hours 15 minutes

Danish part

Файл:Route E39 in Denmark (Hjoerring) ubt.JPG
E39 in Denmark, exit 3

From Norway, E39 goes with ferry from Kristiansand to Hirtshals, in northern Denmark. Ferries are run by Color Line and Fjord Line. The motorway goes from the south of Hirtshals to the north of Aalborg. The exits are:

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Wikivoyage

Шаблон:E-road

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ National Public Roads Administration of Norway, website
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Can Norway win the global race to build a 'floating tunnel'? CNN 29 January 2019
  4. ↑ 3D-animation the Sognefjord
  5. ↑ Historiske kart 22D 12; 23C 9; 28B 4; 28B 8; 29A 1; 29A 5: Hordaland / Sogn og Fjordane
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  9. ↑ Color Line
  10. ↑ Fjord Line
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