Английская Википедия:Eurotiomycetes
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Eurotiomycetes is a large class of ascomycetes with cleistothecial ascocarps within the subphylum Pezizomycotina,[1] currently containing around 3810 species according to the Catalogue of Life.[2] It is the third largest lichenized class, with more than 1200 lichen species that are mostly bitunicate in the formation of asci.[3] It contains most of the fungi previously known morphologically as "Plectomycetes".[4]
Systematics and phylogeny
Internal relationships
The class Eurotiomycetes was circumscribed in 1997 by Swedish mycologists Ove Erik Eriksson and Katarina Winka. At that time it only contained the order Eurotiales,[1] which together with the next order added, Onygenales, form a monophyletic group comprising most of the fungi in "Plectomycetes", a group no longer in use that unified fungi under exclusively morphological characteristics.[4]
As more orders were added to Eurotiomycetes, the first two along with Arachnomycetales became constrained to the first subclass, Eurotiomycetidae. In 2001, the second subclass, Chaetothyriomycetidae, was erected to accommodate Chaetothyriales and its sister group Verrucariales, as well as Pyrenulales since 2004. These two remain as the major subclasses of Eurotiomycetes.[4]
The remaining subclasses were created through more phylogenetic analyses to accommodate outlying taxa or newly discovered groups: Mycocaliciomycetidae in 2007,[5] Coryneliomycetidae[6] and Sclerococcomycetidae in 2016,[7] and lastly Cryptocaliciomycetidae in 2021.[8] The following cladogram shows the relationships between all Eurotiomycetes orders and monotypic subclasses as of 2021:[7][8] Шаблон:Clade
External relationships
The class Eurotiomycetes forms a clade with Lecanoromycetes, the largest lichenized class of fungi.[3]
Taxonomy
As of 2022, the taxonomy of Eurotiomycetes recognizes 5 subclasses, 10 orders, 34 families and 289 valid genera.[9] The families are listed here followed by the number of genera.
- Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Шаблон:Small[10]
- Order Chaetothyriales Шаблон:Small
- Family Chaetothyriaceae Шаблон:Small – 19 genera
- Family Coccodiniaceae Шаблон:Small – 4 genera
- Family Cyphellophoraceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Family Epibryaceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Family Herpotrichiellaceae Шаблон:Small – 17 genera
- Family Lyrommataceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Family Microtheliopsidaceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Family Paracladophialophoraceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Family Pyrenotrichaceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Family Trichomeriaceae Шаблон:Small (=Strelitzianaceae Шаблон:Small) – 9 genera
- Chaetothyriales incertae sedis – 11 genera
- Order Phaeomoniellales Шаблон:Small
- Family Celotheliaceae Шаблон:Small (=Phaeomoniellaceae Шаблон:Small) – 11 genera
- Order Pyrenulales Шаблон:Small
- Family Pyrenulaceae Шаблон:Small – 12 genera
- Pyrenulales incertae sedis – 2 genera
- Order Verrucariales Шаблон:Small
- Family Adelococcaceae Шаблон:Small – 3 genera
- Family Sarcopyreniaceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genera
- Family Verrucariaceae Шаблон:Small – 52 genera
- Verrucariales incertae sedis – 4 genera
- Chaetothyriomycetidae incertae sedis
- Family Rhynchostomataceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Order Chaetothyriales Шаблон:Small
- Subclass Cryptocaliciomycetidae Шаблон:Small[8]
- Order Cryptocaliciales Шаблон:Small
- Family Cryptocaliciaceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Order Cryptocaliciales Шаблон:Small
- Subclass Coryneliomycetidae Шаблон:Small[6]
- Order Coryneliales Шаблон:Small
- Family Coryneliaceae Шаблон:Small – 8 genera
- Family Eremascaceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Order Coryneliales Шаблон:Small
- Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Шаблон:Small
- Order Arachnomycetales Шаблон:Small
- Family Arachnomycetaceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Order Eurotiales Шаблон:Small
- Family Aspergillaceae Шаблон:Small (=Monascaceae Шаблон:Small) – 14 genera
- Family Elaphomycetaceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Family Penicillaginaceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Family Thermoascaceae Шаблон:Small – 2 genera
- Family Trichocomaceae Шаблон:Small – 9 genera
- Order Onygenales Шаблон:Small
- Family Ajellomycetaceae Шаблон:Small – 7 genera
- Family Arthrodermataceae Шаблон:Small – 11 genera
- Family Ascosphaeraceae Шаблон:Small – 3 genera
- Family Gymnoascaceae Шаблон:Small – 11 genera
- Family Nannizziopsidaceae Шаблон:Small – 1 genus
- Family Onygenaceae Шаблон:Small – 34 genera
- Family Spiromastigaceae Шаблон:Small – 4 genera
- Onygenales incertae sedis – 3 genera
- Eurotiomycetidae incertae sedis – 5 genera
- Order Arachnomycetales Шаблон:Small
- Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Шаблон:Small[5]
- Order Mycocaliciales Шаблон:Small[11]
- Family Mycocaliciaceae Шаблон:Small (=Sphinctrinaceae Шаблон:Small) – 7 genera
- Order Mycocaliciales Шаблон:Small[11]
- Subclass Sclerococcomycetidae Шаблон:Small[7]
- Order Sclerococcales Шаблон:Small
- Family Dactylosporaceae Шаблон:Small (=Sclerococcaceae Шаблон:Small) – 7 genera
- Order Sclerococcales Шаблон:Small
Only one genus, Neocladophialophora, remains incertae sedis within the class.[9]
Nomenclature
The scientific classification for this particular class is particularly tricky, with one particular species having both the anamorph (asexual form), and teleomorph (sexual form) names used in reference to them.
- e.g. anamorph form = Penicillium; teleomorph form = Talaromyces or Eupenicillium.[12]
Morphology
Many members (Eurotiales, Onygenales) produce an enclosed structure cleistothecium within which they produce their spores.
References
External links
Шаблон:Fungi classification Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокEriksson & Winka 1997не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокCoL-Species Fungorumне указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокWijayawardene et al. 2022не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокDoweld 2001не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокHibbett et al. 2007не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокGunde_Cimerman_2006не указан текст
