Английская Википедия:Evgenii Eduardovich Bertels

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Шаблон:Infobox academic Evgenii Eduardovich Bertels or Berthels (Шаблон:Lang-ru; December 25,Шаблон:Efn-ua 1890—October 7, 1957);Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn-uaШаблон:Efn-ua was a Soviet-Russian Orientalist, Iranologist and Turkologist, born in a family of Russian free professionals of Danish ancestry.Шаблон:Sfnm Professor of the Leningrad State University, correspondent member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1939), Academy of Persian Language and Literature (1944), Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan (1951), and Arab Academy of Damascus (1955).Шаблон:Sfnm In the 1930s–1950s, he was the Head of the Soviet School of Persian and Central Asian Turkic Studies.Шаблон:Sfn In 1942, during World War II, or the Great Patriotic War, and the Siege of Leningrad, Bertels was evacuated with the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences from Leningrad (Saint Petersburg) to Tashkent, and later to Moscow, and Bertels moved to permanent residence in Moscow until his death.Шаблон:Sfnm

Life and Education

After a short-lived interest in Entomology, Bertels went into Legal Studies, graduating from the Saint Petersburg Imperial University (1914),Шаблон:Sfn and in 1918 he received a higher musical education at Petrograd Conservatory, graduating in 1920.Шаблон:Sfnm But his genuine interest was Oriental Studies, so he taught himself Persian and Turkic languages, and in 1918 he became a student of the Oriental Department of the Petrograd State University—later renamed as Leningrad State University, where his teachers were Aleksandr A. Romaskevich, Alexander Freiman, Vasily Bartold, and Sergey Oldenburg.Шаблон:Sfnm Bertels first academic appointment, in 1920, was at the Asiatic Museum, later the Institute of Oriental Studies of USSR Academy of Sciences, where he worked till his death.Шаблон:Sfnm Bertels was arrested in 1925 after allegations that he was a French spy, he was released due to the mediation of his colleagues. But psychologically Bertels was broken, and it seems he was forced to collaborate with the GPU by providing them with information about his colleagues.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1928, on Bartold's recommendation, he became a professor of Persian language and literature at the Leningrad State University—Шаблон:Sfnm former Petrograd State University, and during the 1930s–1950s, he was the mentor of most Soviet Union,Шаблон:Sfn and Azerbaijanian researchers of Persian and Muslim Turkic literature, his renowned Azerbaijanian disciple was Azada Rustamova (1932–2005) who later became leading Azerbaijanian orientalists and Turkologists.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn-ua He was arrested again in 1941 along with his son, Dmitrii, for anti-Soviet activities. However, Bertels was then suddenly released, and he was later awarded several Soviet decorations.Шаблон:Sfn After the death of Stalin, Bertels became one of the first Soviet Orientalists to participate in conferences and to publish abroad.Шаблон:Sfn He died in 1957,Шаблон:SfnmШаблон:Sfnm and is buried in Novodevichy Cemetery.

Like most Orientalists, nothing is known about his personal life, he married Vera Vasilievna (1892–1969) before 1917,Шаблон:Efn-ua and they had two sons, the Arabist and Iranist Dmitrii Evgenievich (1917–2005),Шаблон:Efn-ua he was arrested in 1941 along with his father, for anti-Soviet activities,Шаблон:Sfn and in 1949 he was behind bars but was later released,Шаблон:Sfn and Andrei Evgenievich (1928–1995), also an Orientalist,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn-ua who after his father's death, published Bertels' "Selected Writings" (Шаблон:Transliteration).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn-ua

Achievement and Works

Bertels started his career by partial translations of Persian Classical Literature into Russian his first published work was a selected translation of Sadi's Gulistan in 1922,Шаблон:Sfnm in 1923 selected translation of the works of Attar's Шаблон:Transliteration and Nizami Ganjavi's Шаблон:Transliteration, latter translated parts of Nasir Khusraw's Safarnama, and a complete translation of Sanai's Шаблон:Transliteration, among many other translations.Шаблон:Sfnm Bertels was one of the authors of the first edition of Encyclopaedia of Islam (1913–1938), and wrote many articles on Islamic literature and culture in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.Шаблон:Sfn From 1923 through 1929 Bertels published twenty-seven articles in the field of Sufi studies (republished in the III volume of his "Selected Writings"),Шаблон:Sfnm his works on Sufism are regarded as classics in the studies of Sufism in Russia, although, he is not among the greats like Hellmut Ritter, Louis Massignon or Henry Corbin.Шаблон:Sfnm

Файл:Ferdowsi millenary congress.jpg
Ferdowsi Millenary Congress, Tehran 1934. From right to left, Second row (seated), 5th person is Bertels.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1934, on the occasion of the Ferdowsi Millennial Celebration, held in Persia, the Soviet Union sent the largest delegation,Шаблон:Sfn Bertels delivered a lecture in Persian,Шаблон:Sfn on Yazdan (i.e., God, or a divine entity) and Ahriman (i.e., Satan, or a demonic entity) in Shahnameh.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn-ua In 1935, he wrote a small popular monograph on Ferdowsi (Шаблон:Transliteration; "Firdowsi and His Poetry"),Шаблон:Sfn translated into Persian by S. Izadi.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn-ua His monograph on Nizami was published originally as articles, and treatises, between 1939 and 1956, and in its entirety five years after Bertels' death,Шаблон:SfnmШаблон:Efn-ua his last visit to Persia was on the occasion of Avicenna Millenary Congress, 21–30 April 1954.Шаблон:Sfn Bertels' chief achievements was introducing Persian classics to Russian readers, the editor's preface to the first volume of Bertels' Selected Writings states: "Bertels literally lived by the creations of the luminaries of Persian poetry, and over 150 of his 295 works were related to Persian literature or language."Шаблон:Sfn

Bertel's preparation of a new critical edition of Nizami's Panj Ganj, and his critical edition of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, must also be mentioned. Bertels and a group of collaborators began preparing a critical edition of Nizami's works in 1941, a critical text of the Iskandarnameh was published in 1947 in two parts: Sharafnameh, for which Berthels and A.A. Alizada were awarded the State Stalin Prize,Шаблон:Sfnm and Eqbalnameh; no other critical text was published during Bertels' lifetime.Шаблон:Sfnm His critical edition of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh had the same faith, he edited two volumes, both published after his death in 1960 and 1962, the whole nine-volume edition was completed in 1971 under the editorship of Abdolhossein Noushin,Шаблон:Sfnm and became the standard edition of Shahnameh, prior to Djalal Khaleghi-Motlagh edition (1990–2008).[1]Шаблон:Efn-ua

After his death, his son Andrei provided his father's papers for publication,Шаблон:Sfn and a group of Bertels' former colleagues and students edited and organized Bertels' Selected Writings (Шаблон:Transliteration), it was supposed to be published in VI volumes,Шаблон:Sfn but ended in V volumes, as follows: [I] Шаблон:Transliteration (History of Persian–Tajik Literature),Шаблон:Efn-ua this volume was translated into Persian by S. Izadi, in two parts.Шаблон:Efn-ua [II] Шаблон:Transliteration (On Nizami and Fuzuli), [III] Шаблон:Transliteration (Sufism and Sufi Literature), was also translated into Persian by S. Izadi.Шаблон:Sfn [IV] Шаблон:Transliteration (On Navai and Jami). [V] Шаблон:Transliteration (History of Persian Literature and Culture). Volumes I-IV appeared in 1960–1965,Шаблон:Sfn volume V, published 1988. Bertels was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in 1945,Шаблон:Sfn the Order of Lenin, and a medal.Шаблон:Sfn

See also

Citation

References

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Footnotes

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Bibliography

Further reading

External links


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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal; Шаблон:Cite journal
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