Английская Википедия:Exorista larvarum
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Speciesbox
Exorista larvarum is a Palaearctic species of fly in the family Tachinidae.[1][2][3]
Distribution
Canada, United States, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, British Isles, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Yugoslavia, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Japan, North Korea, Iran, Israel, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Mongolia, Egypt, Tunisia, Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, China, India, Taiwan.
Hosts
Lepidoptera larvae, mainly Lymantriidae and Lasiocampidae. It attacks Lymantria dispar dispar.[4]Шаблон:Rp Studies have been conducted into its ability to successfully prey on Mythimna unipuncta[5] and Cydalima perspectalis[6].
Parasitic nature
It lays an egg on its host. The egg hatches and the larva penetrates the host.[4]Шаблон:Rp The host could escape this fate by molting before the egg hatches.[4]Шаблон:Rp
Artificial Diets
For rearing Exorista larvarum in controlled conditions, inexpensive diets are preferable. MEYS contains liquid skimmed milk, chicken egg yolk, yeast extract and saccharose and HEYS contains veal homogenate, chicken egg yolk, yeast extract and saccharose.[7] Though many variations of the diet yield different results.[8] Larvae have a tendency to wander, which can result in starvation, reducing wander is important for maximizing yields.[8]
References
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 The Gypsy Moth: Research Toward Integrated Pest Management, United States Department of Agriculture, 1981
- ↑ "Reports from University of Lleida Add New Data to Research in Biological Controls.(Report)." Life Science Weekly. NewsRX. 2012. Subscription required. Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ Martini, Antonio; Di Vitantonia, Cinzia; Dindo, Maria Luisa. "Acceptance and suitability of the box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis as host for the tachinid parasitoid Exorista larvarum.". Bulletin of Insectology 72 (1): 150-160.
- ↑ Chiappini, Elisabetta; Dindo, Maria Luisa; Negri, Ilaria; Sighinolfi, Luca. "In vitro rearing of Anagrus breviphragma (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Cicadella viridis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), from second instar larva to adult on diets without insect components." European Journal of Entomology. Institute of Entomology Czech Academy of Sciences. 2004. Шаблон:Webarchive Subscription required.
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 MELLINI E. & CAMPADELLI G. 1995: Formulas for "inexpensive" artificial diets for the parasitoid Exorista larvarum (L.). Boll. Ist. Entomol. "Guida Grandi" Univ. Bologna 50: 95-106.http://www.bulletinofinsectology.org/pdfarticles/vol50-1996-095-106mellini.pdf
