Английская Википедия:Ezra 5

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Bible chapter Ezra 5 is the fifth chapter of the Book of Ezra in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible,Шаблон:Sfn or the book of Ezra–Nehemiah in the Hebrew Bible, which treats the book of Ezra and book of Nehemiah as one book.Шаблон:Sfn Jewish tradition states that Ezra is the author of Ezra–Nehemiah as well as the Book of Chronicles,[1] but modern scholars generally accept that a compiler from the 5th century BCE (the so-called "Chronicler") is the final author of these books.Шаблон:Sfn The section comprising chapter 1 to 6 describes the history before the arrival of Ezra to the land of Judah Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn in 468 BCE.[2] This chapter records the contribution of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah to the temple building project and the investigation by Persian officials.Шаблон:Sfn

Text

This chapter is divided into 17 verses. The original text of this chapter is written in Aramaic.[3]

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Aramaic are of the Masoretic Text, which includes Codex Leningradensis (1008).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn A fragment containing a part of this chapter in Hebrew was found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, that is, 4Q117 (4QEzra; 50 BCE) with the extant verse 17 (= 1 Esdras 6:20).Шаблон:Sfn[4]Шаблон:Sfn[5]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>B; 4th century), and Codex Alexandrinus (A; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>A; 5th century).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn

An ancient Greek book called 1 Esdras (Greek: Шаблон:Lang) containing some parts of 2 Chronicles, Ezra and Nehemiah is included in most editions of the Septuagint and is placed before the single book of Ezra–Nehemiah (which is titled in Greek: Шаблон:Lang). 1 Esdras 6:1–22 is an equivalent of Ezra 5 (The second year of Darius's reign).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Renewed effort (5:1–2)

Through the prophets Haggai and Zechariah, God sent the message of inspiration so the people began the repair of temple againШаблон:Sfn

Verse 1

Then the prophets, Haggai the prophet, and Zechariah the son of Iddo, prophesied unto the Jews that were in Judah and Jerusalem in the name of the God of Israel, even unto them.[6]

The prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah are recorded in the Hebrew Bible in the Book of Haggai and Book of Zechariah respectively.Шаблон:Sfn Haggai's prophecy period completely covers the time mentioned here (Ezra 4:24; 520 BC), whereas Zechariah's only partly.Шаблон:Sfn

Verse 2

Then rose up Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and began to build the house of God which is at Jerusalem: and with them were the prophets of God helping them.[7]

The investigation (5:3–17)

Based on the complaint of the non-Jews, the governor of the area began an investigation into the building project, interviewing the Jewish leaders and sending an inquiry to Darius, the king of Persia.Шаблон:Sfn

Verse 3

’’At the same time Tattenai, the governor beyond the River came to them, with Shetharbozenai, and their companions, and asked them, "Who gave you a decree to build this house, and to finish this wall?"[10]
  • Tattenai was the governor beyond the River, that is, "Persian governor of the province west of the Euphrates River (eber nāri, "beyond the river") during the reign of Darius I" (522–486 BCE).[11] A number of cuneiform tablets bearing the name Tattenai have survived as part of what may have been a family archive, with one tablet functioning as a promissory note bearing a witness to the transaction involving a servant of "Tattannu, governor of Across-the-River".Шаблон:Sfn The clay tablet can be dated accurately to June 5, 502 BCE (the 20th year of Darius I).Шаблон:Sfn
  • ”House”: refers to "Temple".[12]

Verse 6

The copy of the letter that Tattenai, the governor beyond the River, and Shetharbozenai, and his companions the Apharsachites, who were beyond the River, sent to Darius the king follows.[13]
  • "The Apharsachites": is considered the same as "Apharsites" and "Apharsathchites" (Ezra 4:9) as the three forms of provincial variants of the word "Parsaya" in Шаблон:Bibleverse, which is the Chaldaean equivalent of "Persian", so these people as the "companions" of Tatnai and Shethar-boznai are possibly the Persians who became their body-guard and their soldiers.Шаблон:Sfn

Verse 8

Be it known to the king that we went into the province of Judah, to the house of the great God, which is built with great stones, and timber is laid in the walls. This work goes on with diligence and prospers in their hands.[14]
  • "House": refers to "Temple".[15]
  • "Great stones": lit. "stones of rolling", that is, "stones too heavy to be carried",[16] which were therefore moved on rollers.[17]

Verse 11

And thus they returned us an answer, saying: “We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and we are rebuilding the temple that was built many years ago, which a great king of Israel built and completed.[18]

The "great king of Israel" was Solomon.[17] The conventional dates of Solomon's reign are about 970 to 931 BCE. The Jewish historian Josephus says that "the temple was burnt four hundred and seventy years, six months, and ten days after it was built".[19]

See also

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

External links

Шаблон:Book of Ezra

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  1. ↑ Babylonian Talmud Baba Bathra 15a, apud Fensham 1982, p. 2
  2. ↑ Davies, G. I., Introduction to the Pentateuch in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001), The Oxford Bible Commentary Шаблон:Webarchive, p. 19
  3. ↑ Note d on Ezra 4:8 in NKJV: "The original language of Ezra 4:8 through 6:18 is Aramaic".
  4. ↑ Dead sea scrolls - Ezra
  5. ↑ 4Q117 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse KJV
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse KJV
  8. ↑ Notes [a] on Ezra 3:2 in NKJV
  9. ↑ Notes [a] on Ezra 5:2 in NKJV
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleref2 WEB
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Britannica
  12. ↑ Notes [a] on Ezra 5:3 in NKJV
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleref2 WEB
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleref2 WEB
  15. ↑ Notes [a] on Ezra 5:8 in NKJV
  16. ↑ Note e on Ezra 5:8 in NKJV
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Ryle, H. E. (1901), Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Ezra 5, accessed 21 June 2020
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse NKJV
  19. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок AJ_10.8.5 не указан текст
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