Английская Википедия:FIDE World Chess Championship 1996

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Шаблон:Infobox chess match The FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 was a chess tournament held by FIDE to determine the World Chess Champion.

Background

At the time the World Chess Champion title was split.

In 1993, Nigel Short had qualified via FIDE's usual format to meet champion Garry Kasparov in a championship match. However, Kasparov and Short broke with FIDE and played under the auspices of a new organization which they had organized, the Professional Chess Association (PCA). Kasparov won this match to remain champion.

With its two top players withdrawn, FIDE awarded the two slots in its 1993 championship match to Anatoly Karpov and Jan Timman, both of whom had been defeated in earlier qualification rounds by Short. Karpov won the match to become the FIDE World Champion.

The FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 was FIDE's first since the 1993 split. Meanwhile, the PCA held its Classical World Chess Championship 1995, in which Kasparov defeated Viswanathan Anand to retain his title.

Many of the same players competed in both organization's qualifying events. However, Kasparov and Short did not compete in the FIDE event.

1993 Interzonal tournament

FIDE held an Interzonal tournament in Biel in July 1993, run as a 73 player, 13 round Swiss system tournament.[1]

The top 10 from the Interzonal qualified for a Championship tournament. In the event of a tie break, players were ranked by the sum of their opponents' Elo ratings, excluding the lowest rating.

1993 FIDE Interzonal Tournament
Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total Tie break
1 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2670 =35 +49 =6 +39 =3 +43 =2 +10 +17 =5 =13 =9 =7 9
2 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2525 =51 =41 +71 +31 +26 =13 =1 =6 =4 =7 +17 =8 =3 8½ 31545
3 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2645 +12 =25 +47 =28 =1 =16 +32 =4 +6 =17 =5 =7 =2 8½ 31470
4 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2645 +58 =43 +45 +8 -10 =6 +24 =3 =2 =16 +26 =5 =9 8½ 31390
5 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2630 -44 +60 -22 +68 +62 +65 +28 +9 =7 =1 =3 =4 =6 8½ 31345
6 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2605 +67 =44 =1 =36 +48 =4 +23 =2 -3 =11 +29 +13 =5 8½ 31340
7 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2685 =49 +71 =31 +55 +42 +24 =10 -17 =5 =2 +21 =3 =1 8½ 31285
8 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2620 +26 +62 =17 -4 =22 =21 +33 =16 =9 =15 +27 =2 +24 8½ 31280
9 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2710 -45 +19 =35 +38 +55 +37 =17 -5 =8 +31 +16 =1 =4 8½ 31240
10 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2725 =16 =22 +44 +25 +4 =17 =7 -1 =21 =27 =18 +28 =11 8 31435
11 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2655 =18 =35 =38 =45 =41 =36 +42 +39 =13 =6 =24 +15 =10 8 31305
12 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2555 -3 +70 -39 +71 =31 =56 -14 +55 =20 +52 =51 +40 +32 8 31275
13 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2685 =65 +53 =32 =22 +47 =2 =16 =29 =11 +23 =1 -6 +21 8 31195
14 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2705 =22 =16 =21 =65 =25 =47 +12 =37 =23 =29 +33 =24 +27 8 31125
15 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2610 +66 =23 +57 -17 =21 =22 =37 =27 +36 =8 +35 -11 +30 8 31030
16 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2585 =10 =14 =40 +44 +56 =3 =13 =8 +29 =4 -9 =18 =20 7½ 31855
17 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2660 +38 +39 =8 +15 =24 =10 =9 +7 -1 =3 -2 =21 =18 7½ 31580
18 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2570 =11 =29 +20 -37 =50 -33 +70 +43 =28 +45 =10 =16 =17 7½ 31515
19 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2460 =47 -9 +53 +33 =29 -26 =56 +59 -31 +46 =37 +45 =22 7½ 31140
20 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2630 =34 =46 -18 =27 +58 =41 -35 +57 =12 +43 =31 +26 =16 7½ 30850
21 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2570 +40 -24 =14 +52 =15 =8 +43 =31 =10 +22 -7 =17 -13 7 31795
22 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2585 =14 =10 +5 =13 =8 =15 =31 =40 +52 -21 -28 +56 =19 7 31700
23 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2575 +63 =15 =51 =56 +36 =28 -6 +24 =14 -13 =40 =31 =33 7 31625
24 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2605 +69 +21 =28 +43 =17 -7 -4 -23 +44 +39 =11 =14 -8 7 31465
25 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2595 +70 =3 =56 -10 =14 -40 =46 =34 =38 +65 -30 +63 +51 7 31415
26 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2510 -8 +63 +41 +51 -2 +19 -29 +32 =35 +40 -4 -20 =28 7 31405
27 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2590 -71 +59 -42 =20 +61 +52 =40 =15 +56 =10 -8 +38 -14 7 31360
28 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2625 +30 +42 =24 =3 =37 =23 -5 -35 =18 +41 +22 -10 =26 7 31225
29 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2635 =46 =18 =58 +35 =19 =42 +26 =13 -16 =14 -6 +43 =31 7 31120
30 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2535 -28 =68 +72 =50 -39 -51 +62 +65 =32 =36 +25 +37 -15 7 30985
31 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2605 +60 =57 =7 -2 =12 +55 =22 =21 +19 -9 =20 =23 =29 7 30980
32 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2605 +59 =55 =13 -42 +45 +39 -3 -26 =30 =51 +49 +35 -12 7 30970
33 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2605 -55 =61 +49 -19 +34 +18 -8 +51 =45 =35 -14 +47 =23 7 30930
34 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2535 =20 -48 =68 =46 -33 +69 =57 =25 =47 =42 +65 =36 +45 7 30880
35 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2575 =1 =11 =9 -29 +46 =48 +20 +28 =26 =33 -15 -32 =38 6½ 31480
36 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2520 =48 =37 +62 =6 -23 =11 =38 +41 -15 =30 =52 =34 =40 6½ 31260
37 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2605 =54 =36 +46 +18 =28 -9 =15 =14 -40 +56 =19 -30 =41 6½ 31165
38 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2575 -17 +67 =11 -9 +69 =50 =36 -56 =25 +44 +39 -27 =35 6½ 31155
39 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2595 +64 -17 +12 -1 +30 -32 +65 -11 +42 -24 -38 =48 +61 6½ 31150
40 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2660 -21 +66 =16 +57 -43 +25 =27 =22 +37 -26 =23 -12 =36 6½ 30835
41 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2590 =72 =2 -26 +73 =11 =20 =48 -36 +66 -28 +61 =51 =37 6½ 30735
42 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2585 +74* -28 +27 +32 -7 =29 -11 =48 -39 =34 =46 =52 =49 6 31305
43 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2595 +68 =4 +48 -24 +40 -1 -21 -18 +59 -20 +66 -29 =50 6 31195
44 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2535 +5 =6 -10 -16 =57 +62 +50 -52 -24 -38 =67 =58 +68 6 31130
45 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2585 +9 =50 -4 =11 -32 =70 +60 +47 =33 -18 +48 -19 -34 6 31090
46 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2540 =29 =20 -37 =34 -35 +73 =25 +50 =48 -19 =42 =62 =47 6 31040
47 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2600 =19 +54 -3 +61 -13 =14 =51 -45 =34 =50 +55 -33 =46 6 30995
48 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2620 =36 +34 -43 +58 -6 =35 =41 =42 =46 =49 -45 =39 =52 6 30985
49 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2580 =7 -1 -33 =60 =70 +66 =55 =58 +53 =48 -32 =50 =42 6 30910
50 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2610 +61 =45 -55 =30 =18 =38 -44 -46 +63 =47 =56 =49 =43 6 30910
51 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2625 =2 +72 =23 -26 -65 +30 =47 -33 +58 =32 =12 =41 -25 6 30840
52 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2640 -57 =69 +73 -21 +63 -27 +53 +44 -22 -12 =36 =42 =48 6 30800
53 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2535 =56 -13 -19 -69 +72 +71 -52 +64 -49 =59 -63 bye +66 6 30320
54 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2475 =37 -47 -65 =67 -73 =68 +69 =71 =57 -66 bye +59 =63 6 30105
55 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2485 +33 =32 +50 -7 -9 -31 =49 -12 +71 =62 -47 =68 =56 5½ 30935
56 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2625 =53 +65 =25 =23 -16 =12 =19 +38 -27 -37 =50 -22 =55 5½ 30880
57 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2540 +52 =31 -15 -40 =44 =59 =34 -20 =54 =58 =68 =66 =62 5½ 30820
58 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2560 -4 +64 =29 -48 -20 =67 +72 =49 -51 =57 =59 =44 =60 5½ 30690
59 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2485 -32 -27 +64 -62 +68 =57 +63 -19 -43 =53 =58 -54 bye 5½ 30505
60 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2475 -31 -5 =66 =49 =71 +61 -45 =68 -65 bye =62 =64 =58 5½ 30335
61 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2500 -50 =33 +69 -47 -27 -60 -68 +73 bye +64 -41 +67 -39 5½ 30325
62 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2590 +73 -8 -36 +59 -5 -44 -30 =67 +70 =55 =60 =46 =57 5½ 30285
63 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2650 -23 -26 +67 =70 -52 =64 -59 +72 -50 +73 +53 -25 =54 5½ 30225
64 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2455 -39 -58 -59 bye =66 =63 +73 -53 =68 -61 +70 =60 =65 5½ 30200
65 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2575 =13 -56 +54 =14 +51 -5 -39 -30 +60 -25 -34 =69 =64 5 30965
66 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2495 -15 -40 =60 =72 =64 -49 +67 +70 -41 +54 -43 =57 -53 5 30435
67 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2465 -6 -38 -63 =54 bye =58 -66 =62 +69 =68 =44 -61 =72 5 30330
68 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2430 -43 =30 =34 -5 -59 =54 +61 =60 =64 =67 =57 =55 -44 5 30255
69 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2485 -24 =52 -61 +53 -38 -34 -54 bye -67 =72 =73 =65 +71 5 30070
70 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2455 -25 -12 bye =63 =49 =45 -18 -66 -62 +71 -64 =72 =73 4½ 30270
71 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2330 +27 -7 -2 -12 =60 -53 bye =54 -55 -70 =72 +73 -69 4½ 30110
72 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2410 =41 -51 -30 =66 -53 bye -58 -63 -73 =69 =71 =70 =67 4 30170
73 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2425 -62 bye -52 -41 +54 -46 -64 -61 +72 -63 =69 -71 =70 4 30140
74 Шаблон:Flagathlete 2320 -42* 0

Esam Aly Ahmed forfeited his first-round game against Pigusov and was dropped from the tournament.

1994–96 Championship tournament

The top 10 from the Interzonal were joined by 1993 FIDE World Champion Anatoly Karpov, 1993 FIDE runner-up Jan Timman, and 1993 Candidates semi-finalist Artur Yusupov.[2][3] (The other 1993 semi-finalist was the excluded Nigel Short).

The first round matches were held in Wijk aan Zee in January 1994, and the second round matches and semifinals in Sanghi Nagar in July–August 1994 and February 1995, respectively. If tied after the specified number of games (which happened only in the Kamsky-Anand match), rapid chess games were played as tie breaks.[4]

The format was a departure from all previous world championships, in that the reigning champion (Karpov) was not seeded directly into a championship match. Instead, he joined the competition at the semifinal stage.

Шаблон:16TeamBracket

1996 Championship final

The final was held in Elista, Russia in June–July 1996 and played as best of 20 games.

FIDE World Chess Championship Match 1996
Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Total
Шаблон:Flagathlete 2770 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ 10½
Шаблон:Flagathlete 2735 0 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 7½

Karpov won and retained his title.

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

Шаблон:Chess Шаблон:World Chess Championships

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  1. ↑ 1993 FIDE Interzonal – Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
  2. ↑ 1994-96 FIDE Candidates Matches – Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
  3. ↑ 1996 Karpov - Kamsky FIDE Title Match – Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
  4. ↑ WCh 08 g6: Anand Won, Kramnik Done, Mig Greengard blog, October 20, 2008 (see comments in final paragraph)
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