Английская Википедия:FTSE 100 Index
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "Footsie" Шаблон:IPAc-en, is a stock market index of 100 of the most highly capitalised blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.[1]
The index consists of 32 sectors, three of which have a market cap exceeding £200 billion as at 27 February 2024. These are pharmaceuticals, oil & gas and banking services, which together account for approximately 34% of the index's market cap.[2] At the same date there were four companies with a market cap exceeding £100 billion: Shell, AstraZeneca, HSBC and Unilever, which together account for approximately 25% of the market cap.[2]
At the end of every quarter the FTSE's constituents are reviewed and some companies will either exit or enter the index, resulting in irregular trading volume and price changes as market participants rebalance their portfolios.[3]
Overview
The index has trading symbol UKX[1] and is maintained by FTSE Russell,[4] a wholly owned subsidiary of London Stock Exchange Group, which originated as a joint venture between the Financial Times and the London Stock Exchange. It is calculated in real time and published every second when the market is open.
The FTSE 100 Index with its 100 constituents[4] was launched on 3 January 1984.[4][3] The market capitalisation weighted FTSE 100 index replaced the price-weighted FT30 Index as the performance benchmark for most investors.[5]
The FTSE 100 broadly consists of the largest 100 qualifying UK companies by full market value.[6] The total market value of a company is calculated by multiplying the share price of the company by the total number of shares they have issued.[7] However, many of these are internationally focused companies: therefore the index's movements are a fairly weak indicator of how the UK economy is faring and are significantly affected by the exchange rates of the pound sterling.[8] A better indication of the UK economy is the FTSE 250 Index, as it contains a smaller proportion of international companies.[9]
Even though the FTSE All-Share Index is more comprehensive, the FTSE 100 is by far the most widely used UK stock market indicator. Other related indices are the FTSE 250 Index (which includes the next largest 250 companies after the FTSE 100), the FTSE 350 Index (which is the aggregation of the FTSE 100 and 250), FTSE SmallCap Index and the FTSE Fledgling Index. The FTSE All-Share aggregates the FTSE 100, FTSE 250 and FTSE SmallCap.
To be included in the index, a company must meet a number of requirements set out by the FTSE Group, including having a full listing on the London Stock Exchange with a sterling or Euro denominated price on the Stock Exchange Electronic Trading Service, and meeting certain tests on nationality, free float, and liquidity.
Continuous trading on the London Stock Exchange starts at 08:00 and ends at 16:30 (when the closing auction starts), and closing values are taken at 16:35.
Weighting
In the FTSE indices, share prices are weighted by free-float capitalisation, so that the larger companies, with more of their stock "floating", make more of a difference to the index than smaller companies. The basic formula for these indices is:
<math display=block> \mathrm{Index~level}=\frac{\sum_i \mathrm{Price~of~stock}_i\times\mathrm{Number~of~shares}_i \times\mathrm{Free~float~adjustment~factor}_i}{\mathrm{Index~divisor}} </math>
The free float adjustment factor represents the percentage of all issued shares that are readily available for trading, rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5%. The free-float capitalisation of a company is its market capitalisation multiplied by its free float adjustment factor. It therefore does not include restricted stocks, such as those held by company insiders.
Futures contracts
FTSE futures contracts are traded on the Euronext Equities & Index Derivatives (EUREID) exchange. The value of each contract is 10 GBP x Index Points and is specified as:[10]
Contract Size: | 10 GBP X Index Points |
Exchange: | EUREID |
Sector: | Index |
Tick Size: | 0.5 |
Tick Value: | 5 GBP |
BPV: | 10 |
Denomination: | GBP |
Decimal Place: | 1 |
Record values
The index has reached the following record values:
Category | All-time highs | |
---|---|---|
Closing | 8,012.53 | 16 February 2023 |
Intraday | 8,047.06 | 16 February 2023 |
The index began on 3 January 1984 at the base level of 1000. The highest closing value of 8,012.53 was reached on 16 February 2023. The highest intra-day value of 8,047.06 was also reached on 16 February 2023.[11]
Annual returns
The following table shows the annual development of the calculation of the FT 30 Index from 1969 to 1983, and the FTSE 100 since 1984.[12][13][14][15]
Year | Closing level | Change in Index | |
---|---|---|---|
(points) | (%) | ||
1969 | 313.16 | ||
1970 | 289.61 | −23.55 | −7.52 |
1971 | 411.03 | 121.42 | 41.93 |
1972 | 463.72 | 52.69 | 12.82 |
1973 | 318.30 | −145.42 | −31.36 |
1974 | 142.17 | −176.13 | −55.33 |
1975 | 335.98 | 193.81 | 136.32 |
1976 | 322.98 | −13.00 | −3.87 |
1977 | 455.96 | 132.98 | 41.17 |
1978 | 468.06 | 12.10 | 2.65 |
1979 | 488.40 | 20.34 | 4.35 |
1980 | 620.60 | 132.20 | 27.07 |
1981 | 665.50 | 44.90 | 7.23 |
1982 | 812.37 | 146.87 | 22.07 |
1983 | 1,000.00 | 187.63 | 23.10 |
1984 | 1,232.20 | 232.20 | 23.22 |
1985 | 1,412.60 | 180.40 | 14.64 |
1986 | 1,679.00 | 266.40 | 18.86 |
1987 | 1,712.70 | 33.70 | 2.01 |
1988 | 1,793.10 | 80.40 | 4.69 |
1989 | 2,422.70 | 629.60 | 35.11 |
1990 | 2,143.50 | −279.20 | −11.52 |
1991 | 2,493.10 | 349.60 | 16.31 |
1992 | 2,846.50 | 353.40 | 14.18 |
1993 | 3,418.40 | 571.90 | 20.09 |
1994 | 3,065.50 | −352.90 | −10.32 |
1995 | 3,689.30 | 623.80 | 20.35 |
1996 | 4,118.50 | 429.20 | 11.63 |
1997 | 5,135.50 | 1,017.00 | 24.69 |
1998 | 5,882.60 | 747.10 | 14.55 |
1999 | 6,930.20 | 1,047.60 | 17.81 |
2000 | 6,222.46 | −707.74 | −10.21 |
2001 | 5,217.35 | −1,005.11 | −16.15 |
2002 | 3,940.36 | −1,276.99 | −24.48 |
2003 | 4,476.87 | 536.49 | 13.62 |
2004 | 4,814.30 | 337.57 | 7.54 |
2005 | 5,618.76 | 804.46 | 16.71 |
2006 | 6,220.81 | 602.05 | 10.71 |
2007 | 6,456.91 | 236.10 | 3.80 |
2008 | 4,434.17 | −2,022.74 | −31.33 |
2009 | 5,412.88 | 978.71 | 22.07 |
2010 | 5,899.94 | 487.06 | 9.00 |
2011 | 5,572.28 | −327.66 | −5.55 |
2012 | 5,897.81 | 325.53 | 5.84 |
2013 | 6,749.09 | 851.29 | 14.43 |
2014 | 6,566.09 | −183.00 | −2.71 |
2015 | 6,274.05 | −292.04 | −4.45 |
2016 | 7,142.83 | 868.78 | 13.85 |
2017 | 7,687.77 | 544.94 | 7.63 |
2018 | 6,728.13 | −959.64 | −12.48 |
2019 | 7,542.44 | 814.31 | 12.10 |
2020 | 6,460.52 | −1,081.92 | −14.34 |
2021 | 7,384.54 | 924.02 | 14.30 |
2022 | 7,451.74 | 67.20 | 0.91 |
2023 | 7,733.24 | 281.50 | 3.78 |
ConstituentsШаблон:Anchor
The following table lists the FTSE 100 companies after the changes on 15 January 2024.[16]
Company | Ticker | FTSE Industry Classification Benchmark sector[17] |
---|---|---|
3i | III | Financial Services |
Admiral Group | ADM | Insurance |
Airtel Africa | AAF | Telecommunications Services |
Anglo American plc | AAL | Mining |
Antofagasta plc | ANTO | Mining |
Ashtead Group | AHT | Support Services |
Associated British Foods | ABF | Food & Tobacco |
AstraZeneca | AZN | Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology |
Auto Trader Group | AUTO | Media |
Aviva | AV | Life Insurance |
B&M | BME | Retailers |
BAE Systems | BA | Aerospace & Defence |
Barclays | BARC | Banks |
Barratt Developments | BDEV | Household Goods & Home Construction |
Beazley Group | BEZ | Insurance |
Berkeley Group Holdings | BKG | Household Goods & Home Construction |
BP | BP | Oil & Gas Producers |
British American Tobacco | BATS | Tobacco |
BT Group | BT-A | Telecommunications Services |
Bunzl | BNZL | Support Services |
Burberry | BRBY | Personal Goods |
Centrica | CNA | Multiline Utilities |
Coca-Cola HBC | CCH | Beverages |
Compass Group | CPG | Support Services |
Convatec | CTEC | Health Care Equipment & Supplies |
Croda International | CRDA | Chemicals |
DCC plc | DCC | Support Services |
Diageo | DGE | Beverages |
Diploma | DPLM | Industrial Support Services |
Endeavour Mining | EDV | Mining |
Entain | ENT | Travel & Leisure |
Experian | EXPN | Support Services |
Foreign & Colonial Investment Trust | FCIT | Financial Services |
Flutter Entertainment | FLTR | Travel & Leisure |
Frasers Group | FRAS | Retailers |
Fresnillo plc | FRES | Mining |
Glencore | GLEN | Mining |
GSK plc | GSK | Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology |
Haleon | HLN | Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology |
Halma plc | HLMA | Electronic Equipment & Parts |
Hikma Pharmaceuticals | HIK | Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology |
Howdens Joinery | HWDN | Homebuilding & Construction Supplies |
HSBC | HSBA | Banks |
IHG Hotels & Resorts | IHG | Travel & Leisure |
IMI | IMI | Machinery, Tools, Heavy Vehicles, Trains & Ships |
Imperial Brands | IMB | Tobacco |
Informa | INF | Media |
Intermediate Capital Group | ICP | Financial Services |
International Airlines Group | IAG | Travel & Leisure |
Intertek | ITRK | Support Services |
JD Sports | JD | General Retailers |
Kingfisher plc | KGF | Retailers |
Land Securities | LAND | Real Estate Investment Trusts |
Legal & General | LGEN | Life Insurance |
Lloyds Banking Group | LLOY | Banks |
London Stock Exchange Group | LSEG | Financial Services |
M&G | MNG | Financial Services |
Marks & Spencer | MKS | Food & Drug Retailing |
Melrose Industries | MRO | Aerospace & Defence |
Mondi | MNDI | Containers & Packaging |
National Grid plc | NG | Multiline Utilities |
NatWest Group | NWG | Banks |
Next plc | NXT | General Retailers |
Ocado Group | OCDO | Food & Drug Retailers |
Pearson plc | PSON | Media |
Pershing Square Holdings | PSH | Financial Services |
Persimmon | PSN | Household Goods & Home Construction |
Phoenix Group | PHNX | Life Insurance |
Prudential plc | PRU | Life Insurance |
Reckitt | RKT | Household Goods & Home Construction |
RELX | REL | Media |
Rentokil Initial | RTO | Support Services |
Rightmove | RMV | Media |
Rio Tinto | RIO | Mining |
Rolls-Royce Holdings | RR | Aerospace & Defence |
RS Group plc | RS1 | Industrials |
Sage Group | SGE | Software & Computer Services |
Sainsbury's | SBRY | Food & Drug Retailing |
Schroders | SDR | Financial Services |
Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust | SMT | Collective Investments |
Segro | SGRO | Real Estate Investment Trusts |
Severn Trent | SVT | Multiline Utilities |
Shell plc | SHEL | Oil & Gas Producers |
DS Smith | SMDS | General Industrials |
Smiths Group | SMIN | General Industrials |
Smith & Nephew | SN | Health Care Equipment & Supplies |
Smurfit Kappa | SKG | General Industrials |
Spirax-Sarco Engineering | SPX | Industrial Engineering |
SSE plc | SSE | Electrical Utilities & Independent Power Producers |
Standard Chartered | STAN | Banks |
St. James's Place plc | STJ | Financial Services |
Taylor Wimpey | TW | Household Goods & Home Construction |
Tesco | TSCO | Food & Drug Retailing |
Unilever | ULVR | Personal Goods |
United Utilities | UU | Multiline Utilities |
Unite Group | UTG | Real Estate Investment Trusts |
Vodafone Group | VOD | Mobile Telecommunications |
Weir Group | WEIR | Industrial Goods and Services |
Whitbread | WTB | Retail hospitality |
WPP plc | WPP | Media |
Past constituents
All changes are due to market capitalisation unless noted otherwise. Шаблон:Columns-list
Source: "FTSE: FTSE 100 Constituent Changes" (Шаблон:Small)
FT 30
Шаблон:Main The oldest continuous index in the UK is the FT 30, also known as the Financial Times Index or the FT Ordinary Index (FTOI).[18] It was established in 1935 and nowadays is largely obsolete due to its redundancy. It is similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and companies listed are from the industrial and commercial sectors. Financial sector companies and government stocks are excluded.
Of the original constituents,[19] three are currently in the FTSE 100: Tate & Lyle, Imperial Tobacco and Rolls-Royce, although Rolls-Royce has not been continuously listed and Imperial Tobacco was a subsidiary of Hanson for a number of years, and is now renamed as Imperial Brands. Only one of the original FT 30 companies is still in that index:[20] Tate & Lyle (membership is not strictly based on market capitalisation, so this does not mean they are necessarily among the top thirty companies in the FTSE 100). The best performer from the original lineup has been Imperial Tobacco.[21]
See also
- Other lists
- List of corporate collapses and scandals, on major bankruptcies historically and worldwide
- List of hedge funds
- List of largest companies by revenue, worldwide
- List of largest companies in the United Kingdom
- List of largest United Kingdom employers, including the public sector
- List of private-equity firms
- Stock market lists
- AEX index
- Dow Jones Industrial Average and the DAX 30, equivalent to the FT 30 in the US and Germany
- Financial Times Global 500, the BBC Global 30 and the Fortune Global 500, list the world's largest corporations by market capitalisation
- FTSE 250 and FTSE techMARK 100, a longer FT list, and one for the "new economy"
- List of European stock exchanges
- List of stock exchanges
- List of stock market indices
- S&P 100 and the HDAX, top 100 in the US and top 110 in Germany
References
Шаблон:FTSE 100 Index constituents Шаблон:European Stock market indices Шаблон:Navboxes
External links
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ground Rules for the Management of The UK Series of the FTSE Actuaries Share Indices (section 5) Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ The History Channel - Financial Times Index Шаблон:Webarchive. Retrieved 8 August 2008
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Remaining companies in the FT30
- ↑ Eckett, Stephen (ed.) (2004), The UK Stock Market Almanac 2005, Petersfield, Harriman House. Шаблон:ISBN
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