Английская Википедия:Falls Church, Virginia

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Falls Church is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States.[1] As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,658.[2] Falls Church is included in the Washington metropolitan area.

Taking its name from The Falls Church, an 18th-century Church of England (later Episcopal Church) parish, Falls Church gained township status within Fairfax County in 1875. In 1948, it seceded from Fairfax County and was incorporated as the City of Falls Church, an independent city with county-level governance status although it is not nominally a county.[3]

The city's corporate boundaries do not include all of the area historically known as Falls Church; these areas include portions of Seven Corners and other portions of the current Falls Church postal districts of Fairfax County, as well as the area of Arlington County known as East Falls Church, which was part of the town of Falls Church from 1875 to 1936.[4] For statistical purposes, the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the City of Falls Church with Fairfax City and Fairfax County.

At 2.11 square miles, Falls Church is the smallest incorporated municipality in the Commonwealth of Virginia and the smallest county-equivalent municipality in the United States.

Etymology

The independent city of Falls Church is named for the 1734 Church of England (later Episcopal Church) house of worship named The Falls Church founded at the intersection of important Native American trails that were later paved and named Broad Street, Lee Highway and Little Falls Street.[5]

History

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The first known government in the area was the Iroquois Confederacy.[6] After exploration by Captain John Smith, England began sending colonists to what they called Virginia.[7] While no records have yet been found showing the earliest colony settlement in the area, a cottage demolished between 1908 and 1914, two blocks from the city center, bore a stone engraved with the date "1699" set into one of its two large chimneys.[8]

During the American Revolution the area is most known for The Falls Church vestrymen George Washington and George Mason.[9] A copy of the United States Declaration of Independence was read to citizens from the steps of The Falls Church during the summer of 1776.[10]

During the American Civil War Falls Church voted 44–26 in favor of secession.[11] The Confederate army occupied the then village of Falls Church as well as Munson's and Upton's hills to the East, probably due to their views of Washington.[12] On September 28, 1861, Confederate troops withdrew from Falls Church and nearby hills, retreating to the heights at Centreville. Union troops took Munson's and Upton's hills, yet the village was never entirely brought under Union rule.[13] Mosby's Raiders made several armed incursions into the heart of Falls Church to kidnap and murder suspected Northern sympathizers in 1864 and 1865.[14]

Historic sites

Cherry Hill Farmhouse and Barn, an 1845 Greek-Revival farmhouse and 1856 barn, owned and managed by the city of Falls Church, are open to the public on select Saturdays in summer.[15] Tinner Hill Arch and Tinner Hill Heritage Foundation represent a locus of early African American history in the area, including the site of the first rural chapter of the NAACP.[16] Two of the District of Columbia's original 1791 boundary stones (see: Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia) are located in public parks on the boundary between Falls Church and Arlington County. The West cornerstone stands in Andrew Ellicott Park at 2824 Meridian Street, Falls Church and N. Arizona Street, Arlington, just south of West Street.[17] Stone number SW9 stands in Benjamin Banneker Park on Van Buren Street, south of 18th Street, near the East Falls Church Metro station. Most of Banneker Park is in Arlington County, across Van Buren Street from Isaac Crossman Park at Four Mile Run.[18]

Sites on the National Register of Historic Places

Site Year built Address Listed
Birch House (Joseph Edward Birch House) 1840 312 East Broad Street 1977
Cherry Hill (John Mills Farm) 1845 312 Park Avenue 1973
The Falls Church 1769 115 East Fairfax Street 1970
Federal District Boundary Marker, SW 9 Stone 1791 18th and Van Buren Streets 1976
Federal District Boundary Marker, West Cornerstone 1791 2824 Meridian Street 1991
Mount Hope 1790s 203 South Oak Street 1984

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Шаблон:Convert, all of it land and none of it water.[19] Falls Church is the smallest independent city by area in Virginia. Since independent cities in Virginia are considered county-equivalents, it is also the smallest county-equivalent in the United States by area.

The center of the city is the crossroads of Virginia State Route 7 (Broad St./Leesburg Pike) and U.S. Route 29 (Washington St./Lee Highway).

Tripps Run, a tributary of the Cameron Run Watershed, drains two-thirds of Falls Church, while the Four Mile Run watershed drains the other third of the city. Four Mile Run flows at the base of Minor's Hill, which overlooks Falls Church on its north, and Upton's Hill, which bounds the area to its east.[20]

Demographics

Шаблон:US Census population

2020 census

Falls Church city, Virginia – Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race / Ethnicity Pop 2010[21] Pop 2020[22] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 9,093 9,955 73.73% 67.92%
Black or African American alone (NH) 523 554 4.24% 3.78%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 23 12 0.19% 0.08%
Asian alone (NH) 1,150 1,494 9.33% 10.19%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 4 10 0.03% 0.07%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 20 117 0.16% 0.80%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) 410 987 3.32% 6.73%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 1,109 1,529 8.99% 10.43%
Total 12,332 14,658 100.00% 100.00%

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

2010 census

As of the census[23] of 2010, Falls Church City had a population of 12,332. The population density was 6,169.1 people per square mile. There were 5,496 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 80.6% White, 5.3% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 9.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.5% of the population.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 7.3% under the age of five, 26.6% under the age of 18, and 11.6% over the age of 65. The percentage of the population that were female was 51%. 74.4% of the population had a bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+).

The median income for a household in the city was $120,000, with 4% of the population below the poverty line, the lowest level of poverty of any independent city or county in the United States.

2000 census

As of the census[24] of 2000, there were 10,377 people, 4,471 households, and 2,620 families residing in the city. The population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 4,725 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 84.97% White, 3.28% Black or African American, 0.24% Native American, 6.50% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 2.52% from other races, and 2.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.44% of the population.

There were 4,471 households, out of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them; 47.1% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.4% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.4% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $74,924, and the median income for a family was $97,225. Males had a median income of $65,227 versus $46,014 for females. The per capita income for the city was $41,051. About 2.8% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.3% of those under age 18 and 4.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Шаблон:See also In 2011, Falls Church was named the richest county (or county equivalent) in the United States, with a median annual household income of $113,313.[25] While Fortune 500 companies General Dynamics and Northrop Grumman have headquarters with mailing addresses in Falls Church, they are physically in Fairfax County.[26]

Top employers

According to the city's 2021 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[27] the top employers in the City are:

Employer Employees
Falls Church City Public Schools 564
City of Falls Church 295
Kaiser Permanente 286
Markon Solutions 242
Koons Ford 180
Tax Analysts 174
VL Home Health Care, Inc 160
Harris Teeter 150
Don Beyer Volvo 113
Giant Food 100

The city has broken ground on several redevelopment projects to be completed in the next few years, including the West Falls Church Economic Development Project and Founders Row along Route 7/Broad street.

Arts and culture

Annual events

The city holds an annual Memorial Day Parade with bands, military units, civic associations, and fire/rescue stations, in recent years the event has featured a street festival with food, crafts, and non-profit organization booths, and a 3K fun run (the 2009 race drew some 3,000 runners).[28] the Falls Church Farmer's Market is held Saturdays year-round, Jan 3 – April 25 (9 am – Noon), May 2 – Dec 26 (8 am – Noon), at the City Hall Parking Lot, 300 Park Ave. In addition to regional attention,[29] in 2010 the market was ranked first in the medium category of the American Farmland Trust's contest to identify America's Favorite Farmers' Markets.[30]

Cultural institutions

Falls Church Public library
Mary Riley Styles Public Library
Файл:The State Theatre.jpg
The State Theatre

The Falls Church Village Preservation and Improvement Society was founded in 1885 by Arthur Douglas and re-established in 1965 to promote the history, culture, and beautification of the city. The Tinner Hill Heritage Foundation was founded in 1997 by Edwin B. Henderson II to preserve the Civil Rights and African American history and culture. Falls Church is where the first rural branch of the NAACP was established stemming from events that took place in 1915, when the town passed a segregation ordinance by creating segregated districts in the town. The ordinance was not enforced after the U. S. Supreme Court ruling in Buchanan v. Warley in 1917. The Mary Riley Styles Public Library is Falls Church's public library; established in 1899, its current building was constructed for the purpose in 1958 and expanded in 1993 and 2021.[31] In addition to its circulating collections, it houses a local history collection, including newspaper files, local government documents, and photographs. The State Theatre stages a wide variety of live performances. Built as a movie house in 1936, it was reputed to be the first air-conditioned theater on the east coast. It closed in 1983; after extensive renovations in the 1990s, including a stage, bar, and restaurant, it re-opened as a music venue.[32]

Government

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Falls Church is governed by a seven-member city council, each elected at large for four-year, staggered terms.[33] Council members are typically career professionals holding down full-time jobs.[33] In addition to attending a minimum of 22 council meetings and 22 work sessions each year, they also attend meetings of local boards and commissions and regional organizations (several Council Members serve on committees of regional organizations as well).[33] Members also participate in the Virginia Municipal League and some serve on statewide committees.[33] The mayor is elected by members of the council.[33] The city operates in a typical council–manager form of municipal government, with a city manager hired by the council to serve as the city's chief administrative officer.[33] The city's elected Sheriff is Metin "Matt" Cay.[34] Candidates for city elections typically do not run under a nationally affiliated party nomination.[33]

City services and functions include education, parks and recreation, library, police, land use, zoning, building inspections, street maintenance, and storm water and sanitary sewer service. Often named a Tree City USA, the city has one full-time arborist. Some public services are provided by agreement with the city's county neighbors of Arlington and Fairfax, including certain health and human services (Fairfax); and court services, transport, and fire/rescue services (Arlington). The city provided water utility service to a large portion of eastern Fairfax County, including the dense commercial areas of Tysons Corner and Merrifield, until January 2014, when the water utility was sold to the Fairfax County Water Authority.[35]

Education

The city is served by Falls Church City Public Schools:

Of these four Falls Church City Public Schools, one, Mount Daniel Elementary School, is located outside city limits in neighboring Fairfax County.[36] Falls Church High School is not part of the Falls Church City Public School system, but rather the Fairfax County Public School system; it does not serve the city of Falls Church.

Falls Church City is eligible to send up to three students per year to the Fairfax County magnet school, Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology.[37]

The city is home to Saint James Catholic School, a parochial school serving grades K–8, and Grace Christian Academy,[38] a Pre-K to 8th grade Christian parochial school of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod.

Media

The Falls Church News-Press is a free weekly newspaper founded in 1991 that focuses on local news and commentary and includes nationally syndicated columns.[39] The area is also served by national and regional newspapers, including The Washington Times and The Washington Post. The City is also served by numerous citizen- and corporate-sponsored Internet blogs. WAMU Radio 88.5 produces news and opinion programs with a local focus.

Infrastructure

Transportation

Файл:East Falls Church Station.jpg
Metro train entering East Falls Church station

Although two stations on the Washington Metro's Orange Line have "Falls Church" in their names, neither lies within the City of Falls Church: East Falls Church station is in Arlington County and West Falls Church station is in Fairfax County.

Major highways

Файл:2016-10-06 08 58 55 View south along U.S. Route 29 and west along Virginia State Route 237 (Washington Street) at Virginia State Route 7 (Broad Street) in Falls Church, Virginia.jpg
The junction of US 29 and SR 7 in Falls Church

The primary roads serving Falls Church directly are U.S. Route 29 and Virginia State Route 7. The portion of US 29 through Falls Church is also coincident with Virginia State Route 237. Most of Virginia State Route 338 is also within Falls Church. Interstate 66 passes just north of the city, while Interstate 495 passes a few miles to the west.

Notable people

In popular culture

  • The principal characters in the television series The Americans, Philip and Elizabeth Jennings, and their children Paige and Henry, as well as FBI agent Stan Beeman, live in Falls Church.[62]
  • In the TV Series JAG, their headquarters are in Falls Church, Virginia.

Sister city

In 2006, Falls Church entered into a sister city relationship with Kokolopori, Democratic Republic of the Congo.[63]

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References

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External links

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  1. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GNIS1 не указан текст
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Gernard and Netherton, Falls Church: A Virginia Village Revisited, p.65.
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Bradley E. Gernand and Nan Netherton, Falls Church—A Virginia Village Revisited. Virginia Beach: The Donning Company, 2000. Page 13, citing interviews with Fairfax County archaeologists Michael Johnson and Martha Williams.
  7. ↑ Gernand and Netherton, Falls Church, p. 13, citing Fairfax Harrison, The Landmarks of Old Prince William, pp. 143, 148.
  8. ↑ Gernand and Netherton, Falls Church, p. 13, citing Melvin Steadman, Falls Church By Fence and Fireside, pp. iii, x.
  9. ↑ Gernand and Netherton, Falls Church, p. 27, citing Emily Salmon and Edward Campell, Hornbook of Virginia History, pp. 27–29; Nan Netherton, Fairfax County, pp. 102–103; Tony Wrenn, Falls Church—History of a Village, p. 6.
  10. ↑ Gernand and Netherton, Falls Church, p. 28, citing Beekman, Bridges and the City of Washington, pp. v, 1, 3.
  11. ↑ Gernand, A Virginia Village Goes to War, pp. 22–29, quoting Southern Claims Commission case files and Evening Star newspaper articles.
  12. ↑ Gernand, pp. 56–62, quoting Evening Star, New York Times and Hartford Courant newspaper articles and regimental histories.
  13. ↑ Gernand, A Virginia Village Goes to War, pp. 98–100, quoting newspaper articles published in the New York Times, Evening Star, Elmira Weekly Advertiser, Buffalo Daily Courier, several regimental histories, and soldiers' letters home.
  14. ↑ Gernand, A Virginia Village Goes to War, pp. 191–195, 200–201, 203–211, quoting Southern Claims Commission case files; books regarding Mosby's Raiders; and a local history of Falls Church which cites family members’ statements.
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  17. ↑ West cornerstone: Шаблон:Hanging indent Шаблон:Hanging indent Шаблон:Hanging indent
  18. ↑ Stone SW9: Шаблон:Hanging indent Шаблон:Hanging indent
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ Vardi, Nathan "America's Richest Counties", Forbes, April 11, 2011, accessed June 6, 2011.
  26. ↑ General Dynamics: Шаблон:Hanging indent Northrop Grumman:Шаблон:Hanging indent
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  33. ↑ 33,0 33,1 33,2 33,3 33,4 33,5 33,6 Шаблон:Cite web
  34. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  35. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  36. ↑ Barton, Mary Ann. "It's Official: Fairfax Water Purchases Falls Church Water System for $40 Million" (Archive). Falls Church Patch. Retrieved on May 2, 2015. "This agreement also included a boundary adjustment that transferred 38.4 acres of land into the City of Falls Church. The largest parcel includes the 36 acres on which the City's George Mason High School and Mary Ellen Henderson Middle School sit."
  37. ↑ Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology
  38. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  39. ↑ "The Publisher: Q&A with Falls Church News-Press Owner-Editor Nicholas F. Benton," Out Front Blog, July 7, 2009 Шаблон:Webarchive
  40. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  41. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news reprinted at Шаблон:Cite web
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  55. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
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  57. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  58. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  59. ↑ "Death Notice: FREDERICK L. TALBOT", The Washington Post, January 16, 2013
  60. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  61. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  62. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  63. ↑ "Kokolopori-Falls Church Sister City Partnership," Falls Church City official site (archived page; accessed 8 May 2012)
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