Английская Википедия:Farmall A
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox tractor
The Farmall A is a small one-plow row crop tractor produced by International Harvester under the Farmall brand from 1939 to 1947. The tractor was popular for its set of innovative features in a small, affordable implement. It succeeded the Farmall F-14. The A was incrementally updated with new model numbers as the Super A, 100, 130 and 140, but remained essentially the same machine. Like the smaller Farmall Cub, the Farmall A features a distinctive offset engine, displaced to the left over wide-set front wheels, to allow vision straight ahead. An International Harvester C113 4-cylinder in-line engine was used for early models, increased to an IH C123 with the A-1. The most significant change was the introduction of hydraulics with the Super A. The series was produced until 1973.
Description and production
Styled by Raymond Loewy,[1][2] it was one of International Harvester's "letter series", with 117,522 produced over the 8-year run, replacing the Farmall F-14. The A was rated for one Шаблон:Convert plow.[3]
The Farmall A is equipped with the F-14's International Harvester C113 4-cylinder inline overhead valve engine, with a Шаблон:Convert displacement. The transmission contains five total gears in a sliding gear arrangement: four forward and one reverse, transmitted to a portal axle. The A featured a wide front wheel track with an offset engine, intended to allow for a better view ahead and branded "Cultivision."[4] The offset engine benefited front-mounted cultivators, compared with the towed equipment used by competing Ford-Ferguson tractors.[3] As with other Farmall letter-series tractors, the design featured an integral frame and unitary construction, allowing entire assemblies to be replaced. Rear wheels on all models used a geared portal axle to provide sufficient ground clearance, and could be adjusted in width over a range of Шаблон:Convert to Шаблон:Convert.[5][6]
A variants
Versions were produced for both gasoline and kerosene fuel.[3][7] The Farmall B is essentially the same tractor, but with the engine centered for narrow front wheels, and the seat offset instead of the engine, with a wider range of rear wheel adjustment for two-row cultivation.[5] The AV hiboy variant, with Шаблон:Convert more clearance, was intended for vegetable crops, and the International A (or AI) for industrial use. The International A featured a foot throttle and a heavier front axle, and was chiefly used as a mower.[8][9] About 210,000 As and Bs were produced, selling for between $575 and $1,000.[10]
Super A
From 1947 to 1954, International Harvester produced the Farmall Super A, with the same engine displacement, but with a hydraulic lift system. About 94,000 Super A tractors were produced, including Super AV variants.[6] In 1954 the Super A-1 was produced, using a higher-rpm International Harvester C123 engine, and was otherwise identical to the Super A.The Super A/A-1 was replaced by the Farmall 100.[11][12]
Farmall 100
The Farmall 100 was introduced in 1955 as an update to the A-1. It was identical to the A-1 in all respects, but with a new grille and raised chrome lettering.[13] Engines could still be configured for gasoline, kerosene or distillate.[14] Total production was 16,191, with an additional 1,057 high-clearance models. The IH 100 was produced as an industrial tractor.[15][16]
Farmall 130
The Farmall 130 was produced from 1956 to 1958. It differed from the 100 in having white trim and a higher compression ratio.[17] The IH 130 was produced as an industrial tractor, and a high-crop version, called the 130 HiClear, was produced.[18][19] About 15,000 130s were produced, selling for about $2,000.[20]
Farmall 140
The Farmall 140 was similar to the 130, but with a 12-volt electrical system in lieu of six volts. It was produced from 1958 to 1973. In 1963 it was restyled in a squared-off manner to match larger Farmall tractors.[21] Total production was 66,290. The IH 140 was produced as an industrial tractor, and a high-crop version, called the 140 Hi-Clear, was produced.[22][23][24] Sale prices were between $2,400 and $4,300.[20]
Comparable products
Comparable products to the A included the Ford 9N, Allis-Chalmers C, John Deere H, and Case VC.[25] The Massey Pacer was similar to the 100.[13] The Ford 640 was comparable to the 130.[17] The Ford 651 and Oliver Super 66 were similar to the 140 and 240.[26]
References
External links
- NTTL Test #329 - Farmall A - Gasoline at the Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory archive
- NTTL Test $330 - Farmall A - Distillate at the Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory archive
- NTTL Test #537 - McCormick Farmall Model 100 at the Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory archive
- NTTL Test #617 - McCormick Farmall 130 Gasoline at the Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory archive
Шаблон:Farmall tractors Шаблон:International Harvester Шаблон:Commons category
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Pripps pp. 59-63
- ↑ Klancher, p. 109
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Klancher, pp. 110-113
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Klancher, pp. 115-16
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Pripps, p. 109
- ↑ Pripps p. 92
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 Pripps, p. 114
- ↑ Klancher pp. 180-181
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 17,0 17,1 Pripps, p. 128
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 20,0 20,1 Pripps, p. 137
- ↑ Pripps, p. 131
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Pripps, p. 60
- ↑ Pripps, p. 132
