Английская Википедия:Farn-Sasan

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Good article Шаблон:Infobox royalty Farn-Sasan was the last king of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom, ruling the region of Sakastan approximately from 210 to 226. Literary sources makes no mention of him, and he is only known through the coins he issued. He was defeated in 226 by the Sasanian ruler Ardashir I (Шаблон:Reign), which marked the end of Indo-Parthian rule.

Etymology

The main part of the name "Sasan" was popular in the Indo-Parthian realm. The etymology of the name is uncertain; according to scholars David Neil MacKenzie and V.A. Livshits the name is derived from Old Iranian *Sāsāna ("defeating enemy").Шаблон:Sfn It was the name of a local Zoroastrian deity venerated in Indo-Parthia and Khwarazm.Шаблон:Sfn

Biography

Farn-Sasan gained control of the Indo-Parthian throne sometime in 210. The identity of his predecessor is unknown; it may have been Pacores.Шаблон:Sfn Farn-Sasan is not mentioned in any literary sources, and is only solely known through his coins, which have the inscription; "Farn-Sasan, son of Adur-Sasan, grandson of Tirdat, son of the grandson of Sanabares, the King of Kings."Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn With this inscription, Farn-Sasan tried to legitimize his rule by linking himself with his great-grandfather Sanabares, who was the last prominent Indo-Parthian king.Шаблон:Sfn Although the title of King of Kings is put after the name of Sanabares, Farn-Sasan in reality refers himself as King of Kings, which was the traditional titulature of the Achaemenid and Parthian rulers.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Файл:Coin of Ardashir I, minted in Hamadan.jpg

Coin of the Sasanian monarch Ardashir I (Шаблон:Reign), minted at Hamadan between 226–230

Neither Adur-Sasan nor Tirdat is known to have ruled, which implies that Farn-Sasan was seemingly from a cadet branch of the dynasty.Шаблон:Sfn On the obverse of his coins, he is portrayed with a cap. On the reverse, a fire altar is depicted, with an inscription circled around it.Шаблон:Sfn Farn-Sasan is the only king known to show a fire altar on coins originating from Sakastan. Around the same time, another king issued coins with a similar fire-altar depicted on it, which was the Sasanian ruler Ardashir I (Шаблон:Reign), who around the same time was extending his domains into the east.Шаблон:Sfn It is uncertain if Farn-Sasan copied the iconography of Ardashir I's reverse coins, or vice versa.Шаблон:Sfn The resemblance of the coinage of Farn-Sasan and the Sasanian Ardashir I, including the shared name Sasan—a name popular in the Indo-Parthian realm—suggests that the Sasanians and Indo-Parthians possibly shared a common ancestry.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Modern historians regard them as rivals and claimants to the title of King of Kings.Шаблон:Sfn The Iranologist Khodadad Rezakhani argues that Farn-Sasan was a superior of Ardashir I, and that the latter was only able to declare himself Kings of Kings after he defeated Farn-Sasan in 226, which marked the end of Indo-Parthian rule.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Sources

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Kalani, Reza. 2017. Multiple Identification Alternatives for Two Sassanid Equestrians on Fīrūzābād I Relief: A Heraldic Approach. Tarikh Negar Monthly.
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book