Английская Википедия:Federal Ministry of Justice (Germany)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox government agency

The Federal Ministry of Justice (Шаблон:Lang-de, Шаблон:IPA-de), abbreviated BMJ, is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. Under the German federal system, individual States are most responsible for the administration of justice and the application of penalties. The Federal Ministry of Justice devotes itself to creating and changing law in the classic core areas related to Constitutional law. The Ministry also analyzes the legality and constitutionality of laws prepared by other ministries. The German Federal Court of Justice, the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (GPTO), and the German Patent Court all fall under its scope, including affairs on court administration. The ministry is officially located in Berlin.[1]

The BMJ was founded on 1 January 1877 as the Imperial Justice Office (Reichsjustizamt). After Germany became a republic in 1919, it was renamed Reichsministerium der Justiz (Imperial ministry of Justice). The ministry was refounded as the Bundesministerium der Justiz in 1949. In several laws predating 1949, the ministry and the minister are however referred to as Reichsministerium der Justiz and Reichsminister der Justiz, respectively. This has gradually been replaced with the new name and title when laws have been amended, most recently in 2010.[2]

Compentencies

In Germany's federal system, the administration of justice, the judiciary and law enforcement are primarily the responsibility of the Länder. The central task of the Federation in the field of justice is to safeguard and develop the rule of law. Legislative activity corresponds to this objective. It includes the preparation of new laws and the preparation and amendment or repeal of laws in the classical areas of law, namely civil law, criminal law, commercial and company law, copyright and industrial property law, court constitutional and procedural law for the individual jurisdictions (with the exception of labour and social courts), as well as service and professional law for judges, public prosecutors, lawyers and notaries. In addition, the Ministry is responsible for the tasks arising from the establishment of German unity in the areas of criminal, administrative and professional rehabilitation and "open property issues". The Ministry also examines the legal form of all draft laws and regulations prepared by other ministries in order to ensure that the legislation is compatible with the Basic Law.

The Ministry's portfolio includes the Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe with two criminal divisions in Leipzig, the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office at the Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe with an office in Leipzig, the Federal Office of Justice with the Federal Central Register in Bonn, the Federal Administrative Court in Leipzig, the Federal Fiscal Court in Munich, the Federal Patent Court in Munich and the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (DPMA) in Munich with offices in Berlin and Jena.

List of ministers

Файл:Bundesministerium der justiz.hauptsitz.eingangsbereich.JPG
The Federal Ministry of Justice in Berlin

State Secretaries for Justice, 1876–1918

Шаблон:Main

Ministers of Justice, 1918–1945

Шаблон:Abbr Portrait Name
(Born-Died) 		Term Political Party Government
Took office Left office Time in office

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Federal Ministers, since 1949

Political Party: Шаблон:Legend2 Шаблон:Legend2 Шаблон:Legend2 Шаблон:Legend2 Шаблон:Legend2

Name
(Born-Died) 		Portrait Party Term of Office Chancellor
(Cabinet)
Шаблон:Small
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 1 Thomas Dehler
(1897–1967) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F018867-0026, Bonn, Minister aus Südamerika im Bundestag (Ausschnitt Dehler).jpg FDP 20 September 1949 20 October 1953 Adenauer (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 2 Fritz Neumayer
(1884–1973) 		FDP 20 October 1953 16 October 1956 Adenauer (II)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 3 Hans-Joachim von Merkatz
(1905–1982) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F024640-0014, Hans-Joachim von Merkatz.jpg DP 16 October 1956 29 October 1957
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 4 Fritz Schäffer
(1888–1967) 		Файл:KAS-Schäffer, Fritz-Bild-395-1 (cropped).jpg CSU 29 October 1957 14 November 1961 Adenauer (III)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 5 Wolfgang Stammberger
(1920–1982) 		FDP 14 November 1961 19 November 1962 Adenauer (IV)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 6 Ewald Bucher
(1914–1991) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F017420-0020, Bucher, Ewald cropped.jpg FDP 14 December 1962 27 March 1965 Adenauer (V)
Erhard (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 7 Karl Weber
(1898–1985) 		Файл:KAS-Weber, Karl-Bild-2203-1 (cropped).jpg CDU 1 April 1965 26 October 1965 Erhard (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 8 Richard Jaeger
(1913–1998) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F079561-0003, Jaeger (portrait crop).jpg CSU 26 October 1965 30 November 1966 Erhard (II)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 9 Gustav Heinemann
(1899–1976) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F029021-0010, Gustav Heinemann.jpg SPD 1 December 1966 26 March 1969 Kiesinger (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 10 Horst Ehmke
(1927–2017) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F041575-0018, Horst Ehmke bei Pressekonferenz.jpg SPD 26 March 1969 21 October 1969 Kiesinger (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 11 Gerhard Jahn
(1927–1998) 		Файл:Gerhard Jahn.PNG SPD 22 October 1969 7 May 1974 Brandt (I • II)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 12 Hans-Jochen Vogel
(1926–2020) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F055059-0019, Köln, SPD-Parteitag, Vogel.jpg SPD 16 May 1974 22 January 1981 Schmidt (I • II • III)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 13 Jürgen Schmude
(b. 1936) 		Файл:Jürgen Schmude-01 retouched (portrait crop).jpg SPD 22 January 1981 1 October 1982 Schmidt (III)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 14 Hans A. Engelhard
(1934–2008) 		Файл:Hans Engelhard FDP Bundesparteitag 1982 (cropped).jpg FDP 4 October 1982 18 January 1991 Kohl (I • II • III)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 15 Klaus Kinkel
(1936–2019) 		Файл:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F063645-0024, Pullach, Besuch Carstens beim BND (cropped).jpg No party;
FDP (from 1991) 		18 January 1991 18 May 1992 Kohl (IV)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 16 Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger
(b. 1951) 		Файл:Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger (Berlin Film Festival 2011) (cropped).jpg FDP 18 May 1992 17 January 1996 Kohl (IV • V)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 17 Edzard Schmidt-Jortzig
(b. 1941) 		Файл:Edzard Schmidt-Jortzig (portrait crop).JPG FDP 17 January 1996 26 October 1998 Kohl (V)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 18 Herta Däubler-Gmelin
(b. 1943) 		Файл:Herta Däubler-Gmelin 1009.jpg SPD 27 October 1998 22 October 2002 Schröder (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 19 Brigitte Zypries
(b. 1953) 		Файл:WLP14-ri-0279- Brigitte Zypries (SPD).jpg SPD 22 October 2002 28 October 2009 Schröder (II)
Merkel (I)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 20
Шаблон:Small 		Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger
(b. 1951) 		Файл:Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger (Berlin Film Festival 2011) (cropped).jpg FDP 28 October 2009 17 December 2013 Merkel (II)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 21 Heiko Maas
(b. 1966) 		Файл:Heiko Maas in Brussels - 2018 (40838347435) (cropped).jpg SPD 17 December 2013 14 March 2018 Merkel (III)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 22 Katarina Barley
(b. 1968) 		Файл:Katarina Barley-4934.jpg SPD 14 March 2018 27 June 2019 Merkel (IV)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white" | 23 Christine Lambrecht
(b. 1965) 		Файл:2017-03-19 Lambrecht Roth SPD Parteitag by Olaf Kosinsky-3.jpg SPD 27 June 2019 8 December 2021 Merkel (IV)
style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:blue" | 24 Marco Buschmann
(b. 1977) 		Файл:Marco Buschmann 2.jpg FDP 8 December 2021 Incumbent Scholz (I)

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:German Federal Ministries Шаблон:GermanJusticeMinisters Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ Federal Ministry of Justice Шаблон:Cite web Official website] Шаблон:In lang retrieved 1-Jun-2012
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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