Английская Википедия:Fengman Dam
Шаблон:Infobox dam The Fengman Dam is a concrete gravity dam Шаблон:Convert from Jilin City on the Second Songhua River in Jilin Province, China. The main purposes of the dam are hydroelectric power generation and flood control. Construction of the dam began in 1937 and was complete in 1953. The dam is owned and operated by Northeast China Grid Company Limited.
A new dam was completed in 2019, and the old dam will be dismantled, except for a small section preserved for historical interest Шаблон:Crossreference.
History
Construction on the Fengman Dam began in 1937 under the Japanese during their occupation of parts of China during World War II. In November 1942, the reservoir behind the dam began to fill and by March 1943, the first generators were operational. Still lacking floodgates, the dam was not entirely complete after the Japanese occupation in 1953. In 1959, the eighth and final generator of the first stage was installed, bringing the power station's installed capacity to 552.5 MW. Between 1970 and 1979, a tunnel was installed on the left bank of the dam and it was later converted into a flood discharge tunnel in 1991. In 1988, the second stage of construction began which included the installation of a ninth and tenth turbine. This was complete in 1992 and the plant's total installed capacity was 722.5 MW. From 1993 to 1998, the third stage of constructed on the dam was carried out, bringing the power station to a final installed capacity of 1002.5 MW.[1]
Reservoir
The Fengman Reservoir, also known as Songhua Lake, has a capacity of Шаблон:Convert of which Шаблон:Convert is active or "useful" storage and Шаблон:Convert is used for flooding. The reservoir is narrow, Шаблон:Convert long, and has a surface area of Шаблон:Convert. Normal reservoir level is Шаблон:Convert above sea level, minimum is Шаблон:Convert and a maximum of Шаблон:Convert. The drainage or catchment area is Шаблон:Convert of which Шаблон:Convert is controlled by the Baishan Dam, Шаблон:Convert is located within the Daogou area and Шаблон:Convert is controlled by the Hongshi Dam. Annual rainfall in the reservoir zone is Шаблон:Convert - Шаблон:Convert with 60-90 percent falling between July and September each year. Average mean runoff is Шаблон:Convert, maximum mean is Шаблон:Convert while the minimum mean is Шаблон:Convert. Maximum instantaneous runoff during flooding can reach Шаблон:Convert while during ice season, it can be as low as Шаблон:Convert.[1]
Design
The Fengman dam is a Шаблон:Convert high and Шаблон:Convert long concrete gravity dam which is divided into 60 Шаблон:Convertsections. Sections 1–8, 20 and 32-60 are non-overflow while 9-19 contain the 11 crest overflow spillways. Sections 21-31 contain the ten intakes and penstocks for the power plant which rest at their base, the dam's toe. The dam's crest spillway has a Шаблон:Convert capacity while the Шаблон:Convert long, Шаблон:Convert diameter flood discharge tunnel on the left bank has a Шаблон:Convert capacity.[1]
New Dam
A new dam was constructed 120m downstream of the old dam, during the period 2015-2019 [2]
The new dam is 50% higher than the old one, and has 50% more electrical generation capacity. As the last of the new turbines was installed in 2019, work started on dismantling the old dam.[3]
See also
References
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Dams on the Second Songhua River
- Dams in China
- Gravity dams
- Hydroelectric power stations in Jilin
- Jilin City
- Dams completed in 1953
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
