Английская Википедия:First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox official post Шаблон:Politics of Cuba The First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba is the top leader of Cuba. The First Secretary is the highest office within the Communist Party of Cuba as well as ranking first in the Politburo, the highest decision-making body in Cuba, which makes the office holder the most powerful person in the Cuban government. In communist states the First or General Secretary of the Communist Party is typically the de facto leader of the country and a more powerful position than state offices such as President (head of state) or Prime Minister (head of government), when those positions are held by different individuals.[1]
The officeholder of the post of first secretary presides over the work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC), which is designated as "the organised vanguard of the Cuban nation" and as "the superior driving force of society and the State" by Article 5 of Cuba's constitution.Шаблон:Sfnm The PCC Central Committee, the Party's highest political-executive organ between convocations of the party congress, has the right to elect and dismiss the first secretary at one of its sessions. The first secretary is responsible for leading the work of the Secretariat, the Party's highest executive organ, and chairing the sessions of the Politburo, the Party's highest political organ. The current first secretary is Miguel Díaz-Canel, elected by the 1st Session of the 8th Central Committee on 19 April 2021, and he concurrently serves as president of Cuba.
The first forerunner organisation to the present-day PCC was formed on 18 August 1925, and it elected the Spain-born José Miguel Pérez as its leader. Due to repressive actions by the Cuban state of Gerardo Machado, Pérez was kicked out of the country thirteen days later, on 31 August.Шаблон:Sfnm This brought the newly-established party into turmoil, and José Peña Vilaboa took over Pérez's position and kept the position until his death on 13 March 1927. Due to his health struggles, Miguel Valdés García served as acting general secretary for most of Peña Vilaboa's tenure.Шаблон:Sfnm Valdés García continued to do so until April 1927, when Joaquín Valdés Hernández was elected general secretary.Шаблон:Sfnm State repression and bad organisation brought party work to a standstill until the Communist International (Comintern) appointed Jorge Abilio Vivó d’Escoto as party general secretary in 1930.Шаблон:Sfnm In August 1933, a general strike took place in Havana that called for Machado's removal. Vivó is said to have misjudged the revolutionary situation, and he was forced to step down on the Comintern's orders at the 2nd Congress, held on 20–22 April 1934.Шаблон:Sfnm Blas Roca Calderio was elected in Vivó's place and stayed in office until 24 June 1961 when the party merged with the 26th of July Movement and the Revolutionary Directorate of 13 March Movement to form the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (IRO), which elected Fidel Castro as its first secretary.Шаблон:Sfnm The IRO was transformed into the United Party for the Socialist Revolution of Cuba (PURSC) on 26 March 1962. Three years later, on 3 October 1965, the PURSC convened the 1st Congress of the newly-established Communist Party of Cuba. The 1st Central Committee, which had been elected by the 1st Congress, convened for its 1st Session on 3 October 1965 and elected Fidel as first secretary.Шаблон:Sfnm He remained in office for 49 years until the convocation of the 1st Plenary Session of the 6th Central Committee on 19 April 2011, which elected his brother Raúl Castro to succeed him in office.Шаблон:Sfnm Raúl remained in office for two electoral terms and was succeeded by Miguel Díaz-Canel on 19 April 2021.Шаблон:Sfnm
Institutional history
| Title | Established | Abolished | Established by | Шаблон:Abbr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba Шаблон:Small |
18 August 1925 | 13 August 1939 | 1st Congress | Шаблон:Sfnm |
| General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Communist Union Шаблон:Small |
13 August 1939 | 22 January 1944 | Central Committee of the 3rd Congress | Шаблон:Sfnm |
| General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Popular Socialist Party Шаблон:Small |
22 January 1944 | 24 June 1961 | 4th Congress | Шаблон:Sfnm |
| First Secretary of the National Directorate of the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations Шаблон:Small |
26 July 1961 | 26 March 1962 | ? | |
| First Secretary of the Central Committee of the United Party for the Socialist Revolution of Cuba Шаблон:Small |
26 March 1962 | 3 October 1965 | ? | Шаблон:Sfnm |
| First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba Шаблон:Small |
3 October 1965 | Present | 1st Congress | Шаблон:Sfnm |
Officeholders
See also
- List of political parties in Cuba
- Politburo of the Communist Party of Cuba
- Secretariat of the Communist Party of Cuba
- President of Cuba
- Prime Minister of Cuba
- Cuba under Fidel Castro
References
Books
Journal articles
Web articles
Footnotes
Шаблон:Communist Party of Cuba
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- First Secretaries of the Communist Party of Cuba
- Communist Party of Cuba
- Government of Cuba
- Leaders of political parties in Cuba
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
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