Английская Википедия:Flint Boroughs (UK Parliament constituency)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Morefootnotes Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox UK constituency main Flint Boroughs (sometimes known as Flint or the Flint District of Boroughs) was a parliamentary constituency in north-east Wales which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessors, from 1542 until it was abolished for the 1918 general election.

Boundaries

From its first known general election in 1542 until 1918, the constituency consisted of a number of boroughs within the historic county of Flintshire in north-east Wales. The seat should not be confused with the county constituency of Flintshire, which existed from the 16th century until 1950.

After 1918 Flintshire was represented in Parliament by the single member county constituency, which included all the boroughs formerly in the Flint District of Boroughs.

Flint 1535–1832

On the basis of information from several volumes of the History of Parliament, it is apparent that the history of the borough representation of Wales and Monmouthshire is more complicated than that of the English boroughs.

The Laws in Wales Act 1535 (26 Hen. 8. c. 26) provided for a single borough seat for each of 11 of the 12 Welsh counties and Monmouthshire. The legislation was ambiguous as to which communities were enfranchised. The county towns were awarded a seat, but these seats in some way represented all the ancient boroughs of the county, as the boroughs other than county towns were also required to contribute to the members' wages. It is not clear whether the burgesses of the contributing boroughs could vote in the election. The only election under the original scheme was that for the 1542 parliament. It seems that only burgesses from the county towns actually took part. The Parliament Act 1543 (35 Hen. 8. c. 11) confirmed that the contributing boroughs could send representatives to take part in the election at the county town. As far as can be told from surviving indentures of returns, the degree to which the out boroughs participated varied, but by the end of the 16th century all the seats had some participation from them at some elections at least.

The original scheme was modified by later legislation and decisions of the House of Commons (which were sometimes made with no regard to precedent or evidence: for example in 1728 it was decided that only the freemen of the borough of Montgomery could participate in the election for that seat, thus disenfranchising the freemen of Llanidloes, Welshpool and Llanfyllin).

In the case of Flintshire, the county town was Flint. The out boroughs were Caergwrle, Caerwys, Overton and Rhuddlan.

In 1690–1715 the freemen of the five boroughs were entitled to vote. The exact number is unknown, but in the only poll of the period (a by-election in 1697) there were 760 voters.

Between 1715 and 1754 the House of Commons changed the franchise of the constituency. In 1727 there were about 1000 freemen entitled to vote. Thereafter the inhabitants of the five boroughs, paying scot and lot (a local tax), formed the electorate. They numbered about 600.

From 1754 to 1790, there were still about 600 voters. Namier and Brooke point out that the constituency was controlled by local squires. No election went to a poll in that period.

Flint Boroughs 1832–1918

The Flint Boroughs was a district of boroughs constituency, which grouped a number of parliamentary boroughs in Flintshire into one single member constituency. The voters from each participating borough cast ballots, which were added together over the whole district to decide the result of the poll. The enfranchised communities in this district, from 1832, were the eight boroughs of Flint, Caergwrle, Caerwys, Holywell, Mold, Overton, Rhuddlan and St Asaph.

The boundaries of the parliamentary boroughs in the district were altered by the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1868, but the general nature of the constituency was unchanged. There were no further boundary changes in the 1885 redistribution of parliamentary seats.

Members of Parliament

Members of Parliament 1542–1640

As there were sometimes significant gaps between Parliaments held in this period, the dates of first assembly and dissolution are given. Where the name of the member has not yet been ascertained or is not recorded in a surviving document, the entry unknown is entered in the table.

Elected	Assembled	Dissolved	Member	Note
1542	16 January 1542	28 March 1544	unknown
1545	23 November 1545	31 January 1547	Thomas Salusbury
1547	4 November 1547	15 April 1552	Robert Massey
1553	1 March 1553	31 March 1553	Edward Stanley
1553	5 October 1553	5 December 1553	Edward Stanley
1554	2 April 1554	3 May 1554	?Robert Massey
1554	12 November 1554	16 January 1555	Robert Massey
1555	21 October 1555	9 December 1555	Edward Stanley II
1558	20 January 1558	17 November 1558	Peter Mostyn
1559	23 January 1559	8 May 1559	John Hanmer
1562–3	11 January 1563	2 January 1567	John Conway
1571	2 April 1571	29 May 1571	John Hanmer
1572	8 May 1572	19 April 1583	Humphrey Hanmer
1584	23 November 1584	14 September 1585	Richard Lloyd
1586	13 October 1586	23 March 1587	Michael Doughty
1588	4 February 1589	29 March 1589	John Edwards
1593	18 February 1593	10 April 1593	Thomas Griffith
1597	24 October 1597	9 February 1598	Edward Morgan
1601	27 October 1601	19 December 1601	John Price
1604	19 March 1604	9 February 1611	Roger Brereton
1614	5 April 1614	7 June 1614	John Eyton
1620	16 January 1621	8 February 1622	William Ravenscroft
1624	12 February 1624	27 March 1625	William Ravenscroft
1625	17 May 1625	12 August 1625	William Ravenscroft
1626	6 February 1626	15 June 1626	John Salusbury
1628	17 March 1628	10 March 1629	William Ravenscroft
1640	13 April 1640	5 May 1640	Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bt

Members of Parliament 1640–1660

This sub-section includes the Long Parliament and the Rump Parliament, together with the Parliaments of the Commonwealth and the Protectorate (before the Convention Parliament of 1660).

Elected	Assembled	Dissolved	Member	Note
1640	3 November 1640	5 December 1648	John Salusbury Disabled 1643 Thomas Myddelton 1646–1648	Long Parliament
...	6 December 1648	20 April 1653	unrepresented	Rump Parliament
...	4 July 1653	12 December 1653	unrepresented	Barebones Parliament
1654	3 September 1654	22 January 1655	unrepresented	First Protectorate Parliament
1656	17 September 1656	4 February 1658	unrepresented	Second Protectorate Parliament
1658–59	27 January 1659	22 April 1659	John Hanmer	Third Protectorate Parliament
...	7 May 1659	20 February 1660	unrepresented	Rump Parliament restored
...	21 February 1660	16 March 1660	unknown	Long Parliament restored

Members of Parliament 1660–1918

First Election		Member	Party	Note
	1660, 12 November	Roger Whitley
	1681, 7 March	Thomas Whitley
	1685, 3 April	Sir John Hanmer, Bt
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1690, 17 March	Thomas Whitley	Whig
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1695, 28 October	Sir Roger Puleston	Whig	Died 28 February 1697
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1697, 8 April	Thomas Ravenscroft	Whig	Died 3 May 1698
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1698, 13 August	Thomas Mostyn	Tory
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1701, 13 December	Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bt	Tory	Elected to sit for Thetford
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1702, 2 February	Sir John Conway, Bt	Tory
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1702, 1 August	Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt	Tory	Elected to sit for Cheshire
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1702, 2 December	Thomas Mostyn	Tory
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1705, 29 May	Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt	Tory
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1708, 20 May	Sir John Conway, Bt	Tory
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1713, 21 September	Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt	Tory
	1715, 18 February	Sir John Conway, Bt		Died 27 April 1721
	1721, 10 June	Thomas Eyton
	1727, 31 August	Salusbury Lloyd		A double return. The House of Commons seated Lloyd.
	1734, 16 May	Sir George Wynne, Bt		Unseated on petition
	1742, 22 March	Richard Williams		Declared duly elected, on petition
	1747, 3 July	Kyffin Williams		Died 30 October 1753
	1753, 28 November	Sir John Glynne, Bt		Died 1 June 1777
	1777, 26 June	Watkin Williams
	1806, 11 November	Sir Edward Lloyd, Bt
	1807, 27 May	William Shipley
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1812, 10 October	Sir Edward Lloyd, Bt	Whig	Created the Lord Mostyn 1831
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1831, 22 September	Henry Glynne	Whig	Resigned
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1832, 25 February	Sir Stephen Glynne, Bt	Whig
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1835		Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1837, 1 August	Charles Whitley Deans Dundas	Whig
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1841, 30 June	Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley, Bt	Whig
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1847, 31 July	Sir John Hanmer, Bt	Peelite
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1859		Liberal	Created the Lord Hanmer 1872
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1872, 16 October	Sir Robert Cunliffe, Bt	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1874, 6 February	P. Ellis Eyton	Liberal	Died 19 June 1878
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1878, 5 July	John Roberts	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1892, July	Herbert Lewis	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1906, 20 January	Howell Idris	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1910, 19 January	James Woolley Summers	Liberal	Died 1 January 1913
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1913, 21 January	Thomas Henry Parry	Liberal
1918		Constituency abolished

Supplemental Notes:-

• ¹ F. W. S. Craig, in his compilations of election results for Great Britain, classifies Whig, Radical and similar candidates as Liberals from 1832. The name Liberal was gradually adopted as a description for the Whigs and politicians allied with them, before the formal creation of the Liberal Party shortly after the 1859 general election.

Election results 1690-1713

Шаблон:Expand section Sources 1690–1715: Cruickshanks et al.; 1715–1754: Stooks Smith; 1754–1784: Namier and Brooke; 1784–1832 Stooks Smith. Positive swing is from Whig to Tory. Source 1832–1918: Craig. Positive swing is from Liberal to Conservative.

• Death of Puleston

• Seat vacant at dissolution, on the death of Ravenscroft

• Hanmer was also returned by and elected to sit for Thetford

• Mostyn was also returned by and elected to sit for Cheshire

Election results 1800-1832

Elections in the 1830s

Lloyd was elevated to the peerage, becoming 1st Baron Mostyn and causing a by-election.

Glynne resigned, causing a by-election.

Election results 1868-1880

Elections in the 1870s

Hanmer was raised to the peerage, becoming Lord Hanmer.

Eyton's death caused a by-election.

Election results 1885-1918

Elections in the 1890s

Файл:Herbert Lewis.jpg

Lewis

Elections in the 1900s

Файл:Howell Idris MP.jpg

Idris

Elections in the 1910s

Файл:1913 Thomas Parry.jpg

Parry

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box hold with party link Шаблон:Election box end General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

• Liberal: Tom Parry
• Unionist: J. Hamlet Roberts

References

• Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885–1972, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
• British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1977)
• British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1974)
• The House of Commons 1509–1558, by S.T. Bindoff (Secker & Warburg 1982)
• The House of Commons 1558–1603, by P.W. Hasler (HMSO 1981)
• The House of Commons 1690–1715, by Eveline Cruickshanks, Stuart Handley and D.W. Hayton (Cambridge University Press 2002)
• The House of Commons 1715–1754, by Romney Sedgwick (HMSO 1970)
• The House of Commons 1754–1790, by Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke (HMSO 1964)
• The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844–50), second edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
• Шаблон:Rayment-hc