Английская Википедия:Fork (chess)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Chess diagram
In chess, a fork is a tactic in which a piece Шаблон:Chessgloss multiple enemy pieces simultaneously. The attacker usually aims to capture one of the forked pieces. The defender often cannot counter every threat. A fork is most effective when it is Шаблон:Chessgloss, such as when the king is put in check. A fork is a type of Шаблон:Chessgloss.
Terminology
A fork is an example of a Шаблон:Chessgloss. The type of fork is named after the type of forking piece. For example, a fork by a knight is a knight fork. The attacked pieces are forked.[1] If the king is one of the attacked pieces, the term absolute fork is sometimes used. A fork not involving the enemy king is a relative fork.[2]
A fork of the king and queen, the highest material-gaining fork possible, is sometimes called a royal fork. A fork of the enemy king, queen, and one (or both) rooks is sometimes called a grand fork. A knight fork of the enemy king, queen, and possibly other pieces is sometimes called a family fork or family check.[3]
Strategy
Any piece can deliver a fork. Forks are most often delivered by knights: a knight is not attacked by a piece it attacks except for an enemy knight, and it can be exchanged for a more valuable piece.[4][5]
Since the queen is usually more valuable than the pieces it attacks, a queen fork gains material only when the pieces attacked are undefended or if one of them is the king and the other is undefended.
Game examples
Шаблон:Chess diagram
This example is from the first round of the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004 between Mohamed Tissir and Alexey Dreev.[6] After
- Шаблон:Pad33... Nf2+ 34. Kg1 Nd3
White resigned. In the final position the black knight forks White's queen and rook; after the queen moves away, Black will win the exchange.
Шаблон:Chess diagram
This example is from the ninth round of the Clarin GP Final between Guillermo Soppe and Fernando Braga.[7] After
- Шаблон:Pad40... Qh1+
White resigned. The only move is 41.Ke2 which enables a royal fork with 41...Nc3+, winning the queen.
Шаблон:Col-begin Шаблон:Col-break Шаблон:Chess diagram small Шаблон:Col-break Шаблон:Chess diagram small Шаблон:Col-end In the Two Knights Defense (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6) after 4.Nc3, Black can eliminate White's e4-pawn immediately with
- 4... Nxe4Шаблон:Chesspunc
due to the fork trick
- 5. Nxe4 d5
regaining either the bishop or the knight.
References
Bibliography
Further reading
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Hooper & Whyld (1996), p. 132. family check.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Hooper & Whyld (1996), p. 143. fork.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
