Английская Википедия:Formula Renault
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Formula Renault are classes of formula racing popular in Europe and elsewhere. Regarded as an entry-level series to motor racing, it was founded in 1971,Шаблон:R and was a respected series where drivers can learn advanced racecraft before moving on to higher formulas.
Renault now backs the French F4 Championship and Formula Regional European Championship. The World Series by Renault once included Formula Renault 3.5 before becoming World Series Formula V8 3.5 in 2016, then folding in 2017.
Formula Renault 3.5L
The most senior "Formula Renault" was the Formula Renault V6 Eurocup started by Renault to run as part of Eurosport's Super Racing Weekends (ETCC and FIA GT Championship). Only two seasons were run between 2003 and 2004 before Renault left Super Racing Weekends and merged the series with the similar World Series by Nissan to create the Formula Renault 3.5 Series as part of the World Series by Renault in 2005. In 2016 the series became the World Series Formula V8 3.5, which folded in 2017.
Formula V6 Asia started in 2006 in Asia and ran at Asian Festival of Speed Weekends (Touring Car, Formula BMW and Porsche Carrera Cup Asia).
The old Eurocup and current Asian formulas use Tatuus chassis, while the World Series uses Dallara cars. Michelin is the tyre supplier.
The cars
- Engine: Renault Type V4Y RS, 60° V6, 3498 cc, 425-500 hp - since 2012 Zytek ZRS03 V8, 3396 cc, 530 hp
- Chassis: Tatuus (Eurocup and Asia) or Dallara T02/T05/T08/T12 (World Series) Carbon-fibre Monocoque, carbon and fibreglass bodywork
- Width: 1850 mm (72.8") maximum
- Wheelbase: 3000–3125 mm
- Track: 1579 mm (front) and 1536 mm (rear)
- Weight: 616 kg
- Fuel: 110 litres
- Suspension front and rear with torsion bar, push-rod, twin struts
- Telemetry, and steering wheel
- Sequential gearbox, six gears
- Wheels: Single piece magnesium with central nut, 10 x 13 (front) and 13 x 13 (rear)
- Tyres: Michelin dry and rain, 24 x 57 x 13 (front) and 31 x 60 x 13 (rear)
Championships
| Formula Renault 3.5L official championships | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zone/Country | Last official series name | Active years | Tyres | Complementary information | |
| Шаблон:Flagicon Europe | World Series by Nissan | 1998–2004 | Шаблон:Michelin | Replaced by Formula Renault 3.5 Series. | |
| Formula Renault V6 Eurocup | 2003–2004 | Шаблон:Michelin | Replaced by Formula Renault 3.5 Series. | ||
| Formula Renault 3.5 Series (part of World Series by Renault) | 2005-2017 | Шаблон:Michelin | |||
| Шаблон:FlagiconШаблон:Flagicon Asia | Formula V6 Asia | 2006–2009 | Шаблон:Michelin | ||
A Pan Am Formula Renault V6 series was planned to take place in 2005 but it never occurred.[1]
Шаблон:AnchorFormula Renault 2.0
Formula Renault 2.0 descended from Formula France created in 1968. Its predecessors used 1.3L (1968–1971), 1.6L (1972–1981), 1.6L turbo (1982–1988) and later 1,721 cc (1989–1994), then 2l 8V (1995–1999) engines in single-seater chassis. The series evolved in 2000 into a 2L 16V series using one-make cars from Italian manufacturer Tatuus. The series was introduced into the UK in 1989 and even after the 1721 cc cars had been replaced at the top level a club-level series for them continued in parallel with the more ambitious 2.0 series. This is seen as one of the key steps in a driver's career before Formula Three.
The most notable recent graduate of the formula is Kimi Räikkönen, who moved straight into Formula One after winning the British Formula Renault championship.
The cars
1995–1999
The Formula Renault 95 used multiple chassis, production 2.0-litre 8V 165 hp engines and Hewland five-speed manual gearboxes. Manufacturers were able to build cars around spec components such as the engine, bellhousing, gearbox, brakes, wheels and ECU. Chassis were steel space frame with fibreglass bodies. Manufacturers included Mygale, Martini, Swift, Tatuus, and Ermolli. The car was last used in 1999.
2000–2009
The Formula Renault 2000 had a Tatuus-made chassis running 2.0 L Renault Clio engines attached to a Sadev gearbox.[2] The engine originally had a maximum output of 185 hp, and was upgraded to 210 hp in 2006. They are capable of accelerating from 0 to 100 mph (160 km/h) in 4.85 seconds and braking from 125 mph (200 km/h) to a stop in 4.60 seconds.[3] The Tatuus Formula Renault car is the most successful single seater ever, with 10 years of service and nearly 1000 sold. The car has produced many current Formula One stars, with 11 of the 25 drivers in the 2009 Formula One season using the car in the infancy of their careers.
For the 2010 season, a new car developed by Barazi-Epsilon, will be used in most major championships, with the old car still being used in minor championships such as Formula Renault BARC in the UK.
Dimensions and weight
- Wheel Base: 2,645 mm
- Front Track: 1,434 mm
- Rear Track: 1,318 mm
- Minimum Weight: 490 kg without driver / 565 kg with driver
Chassis
The chassis is a carbon fiber cell designed and developed by Tatuus and Renault Sport. It also incorporates a FIA-approved roll hoop and lateral driver's head protection. This was introduced in 2000 and updated with new bodywork in 2004 and 2007. Both the chassis and engine are of an FIA-approved "impact break-away" design.
Cockpit
- XAP Multi-Changeable Dashboard Display
- FIA-approved Safety Features
- Roll Hoop and Lateral Driver's Head Protective Padding
- Deformable, double-jointed steering column
- Removable steering wheel
- Six-point, 3-inch driver's shoulder and lap harnesses
- FT3 fuel cell
- Manually operated 5 kg fire extinguisher
Engine
The engine is a sealed, 16-valve, 4-cylinder Renault Sport type F4R FRS with Orbisoud race exhaust system and catalytic converter, built and developed by Renault Sport.
- Capacity: 1998 cc
- Max Output: Шаблон:Convert at 6,500 rpm
- Max Torque: 22mkg (159lb.ft) at 5,500 rpm
- Lubrication: Dry Sump, Elf Evolution LDX 5w/40
- Spark Plugs: NGK PFR6E10
- ECU: Sealed Magneti-Marelli MF4L ignition system
Gearbox
Formula Renault uses a Sadev 6-speed, sequential gearbox with mechanical control featuring three specified sets of ratios using a Limited Slip Differential and Twin-Plate. The clutch is hydraulic. It also uses Elf Transmission LS.
Suspension
- Front: Pushrod, controlled single damper with adjustable bump and rebound
- Rear: Pushrod, controlled twin dampers with adjustable bump and rebound
Brake
The brakes are four-pot calipers, with ventilated discs and Ferodo(type DS4003) pads. They include cockpit-adjustable bias front-to-rear.
Tyres
- Front: 16/53 x Шаблон:Convert
- Rear: 23/57 x Шаблон:Convert
- Manufacturer: Michelin control
- Exceptions
- Asia: Kumho (since 2002)
- Brazil: Pirelli (2002–2006)
- North America: Yokohama (since 2004)
Wheels
- Front: 8 inches x Шаблон:Convert
- Rear: 10 inches x Шаблон:Convert
- Manufacturer: OZ
2010–today
Manufactured by Barazi-Epsilon EB01 A
Main changes to the previous models are:
- Engine: 2.0L Renault F4R 832 - maximal output has been raised to Шаблон:Convert
- Gearbox is now 7-speed sequential
Championships
Two sorts of Formula Renault 2.0 championships exist. Regular championships and Winter Series, an off-season championship held usually between November and February with few races. In 2005, all series names were replaced from Formula Renault 2000 to Formula Renault 2.0.
An Uruguyan 2.0L series is also held (José Pedro Passadores 2003 champion).[4]
Winners
A majority of Formula Renault champions have gone onto lead successful careers in motor racing, most notably Alain Prost who won the Formula One World Championship four times in his career. Other drivers include Didier Pironi, Kimi Räikkönen, Felipe Massa and Lewis Hamilton all of whom have gone onto win Grands Prix.
Formula Renault 2.0L timeline
Formula Renault 1.6L
This Formula Renault series was open to drivers between 14 and 21 years that have raced before in karting series.[7]
The cars
The cars use K4M 1598cc Renault engines.
Championships
Winners
- In Belgium 2007 championship, Karline Stala was the first ever woman to win a single seaters championship.[15] She was invited to test the Formula Renault 3.5L at Circuit Paul Ricard in November 2007, like the best 2.0L and 3.5L drivers.[16]
Formula Renault 1.6L timeline
| Formulas Renault 1.6L timeline | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | |
| Argentina | Formula Renault Argentina | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| France | Formula Campus Renault La Filière Elf |
Formula Campus Renault La Filière FFSA |
Formul' Academy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Fran Am 1600 Pro | Formula TR 1600 Pro Series | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Italy | FJ 1600 by Renault |
Formula Junior 1.6 by Renault | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spain | FJ 1600 Spain | FR 1.6 Spain | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Belgium | FR 1600 Belgium | FR 1.6 Belgium | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Latin America | Formula Junior 1600 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | |
| 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other formulas powered by Renault
Argentina organises several Formula Renault championships different from its official 2.0L series:
- Fórmula Renault Plus (since 2007) with Renault Clio K4M engine (1598cc).
- Fórmula Renault Interprovincial (since 2007) with 1.397 cc engine from Renault 12 T.S Break.[17]
- Fórmula 4 Nacional (in 2007) with Renault K4M engine (1598cc) with lower power than the official 1.6L series. Teams can choose chassis manufacturer. Races are held during the TC 2000 weekends.
- Fórmula 4 Metropolitana (since 2008 season) with Renault K4M engine (1598cc) and replacing the Fórmula 4 Nacional series. Teams can choose chassis manufacturer.
- Fórmula Super Renault with Dallara, Reynard, Ralt or TOM'S chassis and Renault 21, 18 or F3R 2.0L engine.[18] In 2005, the championship wasn't held due to the low of participation.[19]
In 2008, the Formula 2000 Light was created.[20] The series is held in Italy with Tatuus's Formula Renault or Formula Three chassis. The same year also saw the introduction of the LATAM Challenge Series, run in Latin America. The Austria Formel Renault Cup has been held since 2007 in Central Europe.[21] This series is held and organised with the Austria Formula 3 Cup and use the 2.0L Renault formulas. The Formule Renault 2.0 North European Zone was also introduced in 2008.
2008 was the first, and ultimately last, season of the Formula Asia 2.0.Шаблон:Citation needed Its aim was to bring more racing to the Asian region, allowing more drivers to opportunity to race and make the step up to the next level.Шаблон:Citation needed The series used Renault engines with constructor Tatuus and ran on Michelin provided tyres.Шаблон:Citation needed
Winners
For GP Series winners, see GP2 Series, GP2 Asia Series and GP3 Series pages.
| Other formulas powered by Renault championships winners | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Шаблон:Flagicon Austria Formel Renault Cup |
Formule Renault 2.0 North European Zone |
Шаблон:Flagicon Formula 2000 Light |
Formula Asia 2.0 |
Шаблон:Flagicon Fórmula Super Renault/ Renault Plus |
Шаблон:Flagicon Fórmula 4 Metropolitana/ Nacional |
Шаблон:Flagicon Fórmula Interprovencial |
Шаблон:Flagicon LATAM Challenge Series | ||
| 2010 | Шаблон:Flagicon Grégory Striebig | Шаблон:Flagicon Daniel Roos | Шаблон:Flagicon Stefano Turchetto Шаблон:Flagicon Adolfo Bottura |
Шаблон:Flagicon TBA | Шаблон:Flagicon TBA | Шаблон:Flagicon TBA | Шаблон:Flagicon TBA | Шаблон:Flagicon TBA | ||
| 2009 | Шаблон:Flagicon Vanaselja Tönis | Шаблон:Flagicon Felix Rosenqvist | Шаблон:Flagicon Thiemo Storz (1) Шаблон:Flagicon Francisco Weiler |
not held | Шаблон:Flagicon Alan Castellano | Шаблон:Flagicon Emiliano González | Шаблон:Flagicon Darío Elisei | Шаблон:Flagicon André Solano | ||
| 2008 | Шаблон:Flagicon Grégory Striebig | Шаблон:Flagicon Jesse Krohn | Шаблон:Flagicon Mario Bertolotti Шаблон:Flagicon Martin Scuncio |
Шаблон:Flagicon Felix Rosenqvist | Шаблон:Flagicon Mario Gerbaldo | Шаблон:Flagicon Alan Castellano | Шаблон:Flagicon Fabricio Fernandez | Шаблон:Flagicon Giancarlo Serenelli | ||
| 2007 | Шаблон:Flagicon Grégory Striebig | not held | not held | not held | Шаблон:Flagicon Esteban Sarry | Шаблон:Flagicon Francesco Troncoso (N) | Шаблон:Flagicon Alejandro Pancello | not held | ||
| 2006 | not held | Шаблон:Flagicon Eric Borsini[22] | not held | not held | ||||||
| 2005 | not held[19] | |||||||||
| 2004 | Шаблон:Flagicon Ivo Perabó[23] | |||||||||
| 2003 | Шаблон:Flagicon Federico Lifschitz[24] | |||||||||
| 2002 | Шаблон:Flagicon Matías Rossi[25] | |||||||||
| 2001 | ? | |||||||||
| 2000 | ? | |||||||||
| 1999 | ? | |||||||||
| 1998 | ? | |||||||||
| 1997 | Шаблон:Flagicon Christian Ledesma | |||||||||
See also
References
External links
Formula Renault 3.5L
- Шаблон:In lang World Series by Renault
- Шаблон:In lang Eurocup Formula Renault V6 former-series
- Шаблон:In lang Formula V6 Asia
Formula Renault 2.0L
- Europe
- Шаблон:In lang Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 renault-sport.com
- Шаблон:In lang French Formula Renault 2.0 Шаблон:Webarchive renault-sport.com
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 UK renaultsport.co.uk
- Шаблон:In lang BARC Formula Renault BARC barc.net
- Шаблон:In lang BARC Formula Renault renault-sport.uk
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 Italy renaultsportitalia.it
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 WEC formularenaultwec.com
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 NEC necup.com
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 NEC renault-sport.de
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 Switzerland worldseriesbyrenault.ch
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2.0 Finland rata-sm.fi
- Шаблон:In lang Fórmula Júnior FR2.0 Portugal formulajunior.net
- America
- Шаблон:In lang Formula TR Pro Series formulatr.com (USA)
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 2000 de America PanamGPSeries.com (Latin America)
- Шаблон:In lang Mexican Formula Renault Championship copacorona.com (former series).
- Asia
- Шаблон:In lang Asian Formula Renault Challenge frdsports.com
- Шаблон:In lang Chinese Formula Renault frdsports.com
Formula Renault 1.6L
- Europe
- Шаблон:In lang Formul'Academy Шаблон:Webarchive autosportacademy.com
- Шаблон:In lang Formula 1.6 BelgiumШаблон:Dead link renault-sport.be
- Шаблон:In lang Formula 1.6 NEC Junior frcup.com
- America
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault 1.6 Argentina formulas-argentinas.com.ar
- Шаблон:In lang APEFA apefa.com.ar
- Шаблон:In lang Formula TR Pro Series formulatr.com (USA)
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Junior 1600 PanamGPSeries.com (Latin America)
Other formulas powered by Renault
- Europe
- (Austrian) Austria Formel Renault Cup f3.motion-company.eu (2.0L)
- Шаблон:In lang Formula 2000 Light formula2000light.com (2.0L, Italy)
- America
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Super Renault Argentina campfsr.com.ar (2.0L)
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Renault Interprovencial and Plus frinterprovincial.com (1.6L, Argentina)
- Asia
- Шаблон:In lang GP2 Asia SeriesШаблон:Dead linkШаблон:Cbignore gp2series.com (4L V8)
- Шаблон:In lang Formula Asia 2.0 formulaasia2.com (2.0L)
Шаблон:Formula Renault years Шаблон:Class of Auto racing
- ↑ PanAm FR attracting international interest Шаблон:Webarchive theraceforum.com (2005-03-18)
- ↑ Technical specifications from the Euroseries
- ↑ Technical specifications from the UK series
- ↑ PASSADORE CAMPEÓN F.2000 URUGUAYA Шаблон:Webarchive autonoticias.com.ar (14 December 2003)
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ [AutoHebdo n°1745 24 March 2010, page 12, Philippe Sinault (Signature), announced the 2010 Formula Renault WEC cancellation]
- ↑ Belgian 1.6 PresentationШаблон:Dead link renault-sport.be
- ↑ FR1.6 Argentina Campeones Шаблон:Webarchive apefa.com.ar
- ↑ Formule Campus et Academy Palmares Шаблон:Webarchive autosportacademy.com
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Driver database driverdb.com
- ↑ FR1.6 Italia Classifica Шаблон:Webarchive nuvolari3000.com
- ↑ PanmGPSeries Anos anteriores Шаблон:Webarchive sporcar.com
- ↑ 1600: Colin Braun takes championship Шаблон:Webarchive motorsport.com (27 October 2003)
- ↑ 1600: Series celebrates successful first year Шаблон:Webarchive motorsport.com (27 November 2002)
- ↑ first woman to win a single seater Шаблон:Webarchive renault-sport.be (2007-10-15)
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносок07testне указан текст - ↑ FR Interprovincial, Reglamento Шаблон:Webarchive frinterprovincial.com
- ↑ NAace la Super Formula Argentina Шаблон:Webarchive autonoticias.com.ar (1 February 2005)
- ↑ 19,0 19,1 En el 2005 no habra Super Renault Шаблон:Webarchive autonoticias.com.ar (28 December 2004)
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web formula2000light.com
- ↑ Historie Шаблон:Webarchive austriaf3cup.com
- ↑ Borsani campeón 2006 Шаблон:Webarchive campfsr.com.ar
- ↑ En Mar del Plata, la alegría fue para Perabó formulas-argentinas.com.ar
- ↑ F.Super Renault – Lifschitz campeon Шаблон:Webarchive autonoticias.com.ar (6 December 2003)
- ↑ Rossi, Matías Шаблон:Webarchive actc.org.ar
