Английская Википедия:Forrest Sherman

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Infobox military person Forrest Percival Sherman (October 30, 1896 – July 22, 1951) was an admiral in the United States Navy and the youngest person to serve as Chief of Naval Operations until Admiral Elmo Zumwalt in 1970. The Шаблон:Sclass and the airfield at Naval Air Station Pensacola (Forrest Sherman Field) were named for him.

Early life and education

Born in Merrimack, New Hampshire, Sherman was a member of the United States Naval Academy class of 1918, graduating in June 1917 due to America's entry into World War I.

Naval career

During and shortly after World War I, Sherman served in European waters as an officer of the gunboat Шаблон:USS and destroyer Шаблон:USS. In 1919–21, Sherman was assigned to the battleship Шаблон:USS and destroyers Шаблон:USS and Шаблон:USS, serving as commanding officer of the latter.

Following duty as Flag Lieutenant to Commander Control Force, Atlantic Fleet, he received flight training at Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida. Designated a Naval Aviator in December 1922, Lieutenant Sherman was assigned to Fighter Squadron VF-2B until 1924, when he returned to Pensacola as an instructor. Study at the Naval War College was followed in 1927 by service in the aircraft carriers Шаблон:USS and Шаблон:USS. While in the latter ship, he commanded Scouting Squadron VS-2B and was Flag Secretary to Commander Aircraft Squadrons, Battle Fleet.

Promoted to the ranks of lieutenant commander in 1930 and commander in 1937, during that decade Sherman served at the Naval Academy, commanded Fighter Squadron VF-1B, had charge of the Aviation Ordnance Section of the Bureau of Ordnance, was Navigator of the aircraft carrier Шаблон:USS, and had duty on a number of flag staffs. In 1941–42, he served with the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations and was a member of the Permanent Joint Board on Defense, Canada-United States.

Commander Sherman worked closely with then US Army Major Albert C. Wedemeyer, author of the "Victory Plan of 1941", "the blueprint... for the mobilization of the United States Army for World War 2". Wedemeyer, while working in the War Plans Department, was commissioned to write the "Victory Plan by General George C. Marshall." Шаблон:Blockquote

Файл:Forrest Sherman 1918.jpg

Midshipman Forrest Sherman

In May 1942, after reaching the rank of captain, Sherman took command of the carrier Шаблон:USS, taking the ship through the first month of the Solomon Islands campaign.

After Wasp was sunk by a Japanese submarine on September 15, 1942, Sherman was awarded the Navy Cross for his extraordinary heroism in command of the carrier during the opening days of the South Pacific operations. Sherman then became Chief of Staff to Commander Air Force, Pacific Fleet. In November 1943, Rear Admiral Sherman was assigned as Deputy Chief of Staff to the Pacific Fleet commander, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. He held that position for the remainder of World War II, playing a critical role in planning the offensives that brought victory in the Pacific, and was present when Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945. Following a short tour as a carrier division commander, in December 1945 Vice Admiral Sherman became Deputy Chief of Naval Operations.

Sherman's next assignment, beginning in January 1948, was to command the navy's operating forces in the Mediterranean Sea. He was recalled to Washington, D.C., at the end of October 1949 to become Chief of Naval Operations, with the rank of admiral. During the next sixteen months, he helped the navy recover from a period of intense political controversy (as in the so-called "Revolt of the Admirals"), and oversaw its responses to the twin challenges of a hot war in Korea and an intensifying cold war elsewhere in the world.

On July 22, 1951, while on a military and diplomatic trip to Europe, Admiral Forrest Sherman died in Naples, Italy, following a sudden series of heart attacks. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery on July 27, 1951.

Legacy

Шаблон:USS, lead ship of the Шаблон:Sclasss was named in his honor, followed by Шаблон:USS, an Шаблон:Sclass guided missile destroyer.

Also named in his honor was Sherman Island, Antarctica; Forrest Sherman Field at NAS Pensacola, home of the Blue Angels; and Forrest Sherman Field at Hospital Point at the US Naval Academy. The US Department of Defense school in Naples, Italy was formerly called Forrest Sherman High School.

Decorations and medals

Admiral Sherman's decorations include:

Шаблон:Ribbon devices
Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices
Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices
Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices
Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices	Шаблон:Ribbon devices

Naval Aviator Badge
Navy Cross	Navy Distinguished Service Medal	Legion of Merit
Purple Heart (award for wounds received aboard the USS Wasp)	Victory Medal with "Patrol" Clasp	American Defense Service Medal with "Fleet" clasp
American Campaign Medal	Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with three battle stars	World War II Victory Medal
Navy Occupation Service Medal	National Defense Service Medal	Philippine Liberation Medal with one battle star

References

• The quotesШаблон:Which from the "Victory Plan of 1941" and Captain Forrest Sherman are from Writing the Victory Plan of 1941, Charles E. Kirkpatrick, Center of Military History, Washington, D.C., 1942
• Шаблон:DANFS
• Some material is from the official site of USS Forrest Sherman, produced by the navy and therefore in the public domain.

External links

• Material on Forest Sherman at the US Navy Historical Center
• ANC Explorer
• Forrest P. Sherman Papers, 1903-1941 (bulk 1903-1917) MS 557 held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy