Английская Википедия:Frank Vandenbroucke (cyclist)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox cyclist Frank Vandenbroucke (6 November 1974 – 12 October 2009) was a Belgian professional road racing cyclist. After showing promise in track and field in his adolescence, Vandenbroucke took to cycle racing in the late 1980s and developed into one of the great hopes for Belgian cycling in the 1990s, with a string of victories that included Liège–Bastogne–Liège, Grand Tour stages and Omloop Het Volk. This early success dissipated however in a series of drug problems, rows with teams and suicide attempts. Despite repeated attempts to continue his career with a string of different teams from 2000 to 2008, Vandenbroucke's drug use and unpredictability eventually led to his estrangement from the cycling world. Although Vandenbroucke claimed in an interview in 2009 to have recovered his mental health, he died of a pulmonary embolism in October 2009 at the age of 34.

Background

Frank Vandenbroucke was born in Mouscron and grew up in Ploegsteert, a village in the French-speaking region of Belgium (with facilities for Dutch speakers). In 1978, when he was four and cycling in the village square, he was knocked over by the driver of a rally car. His mother said her son didn't cry until doctors cut his cycling shorts. The collision led to four operations on his right knee and repeated problems later in life.

Vandenbroucke first tried athletics, joining the Entente Athlétique Hainaut. In 1986 he became a regional schoolboy champion. He took out a cycling licence with the club in 1989 and won a race at Brakel. An unnamed acquaintance told the Belgian journalist Philippe van Holle:

In 1991, when he was 17, Vandenbroucke won the national beginners [débutant] road championship at Halanzy. He came third in the world junior road championship in Athens in 1992.

Career

Vandenbroucke turned professional in 1993 with the Belgian team, Шаблон:UCI team code. The directeur sportif was his uncle, Jean-Luc. He won 51 races in the next six years, including the 1999 Liège–Bastogne–Liège. From 2000 he made the sports pages more for doping problems, failed comebacks, depression, marital problems and a suicide attempt.

Vandenbroucke left Lotto in the middle of 1995 to join Шаблон:UCI team code. There he became a team-mate of Johan Museeuw. The manager was Patrick Lefevere. In 1997, the team picked him as part of their squad for the Tour de France. In what would be his first of just two Tour de France entries, Vandenbroucke came close to winning a stage twice. On stage 3, he led the peloton up a steep sprint finish, but was overtaken by Erik Zabel right before the line. He was second again on stage 16, this time unable to match the sprint of Christophe Mengin. In 1998 he won Gent–Wevelgem, two stages and the overall competition of Paris–Nice, and two stages of the Tour de Wallonie. It would be his final season at Шаблон:UCI team code.

In 1999 he transferred to the French team Шаблон:UCI team code where, at only 24, he had the best year of his career. He won Liège–Bastogne–Liège, Omloop Het Volk, and stages in Paris–Nice and the Vuelta a España. His win in Liège–Bastogne–Liège was all the more impressive because he had said in television interviews prior to the race where and when he would attack, stating he would make his first move on Cote de la Redoute, and even going as far as giving the number of the house in front of which he would launch his second attack on the climb of Saint-Nicolas.

It was, however, his last year of major victories. The British magazine Procycling said:

At Cofidis he shared leadership with David Millar. His "non-communication" with Millar was publicised and criticised. It was with Cofidis, Vandenbroucke said in his autobiography, that he met the French rider, Philippe Gaumont. It was Gaumont's confessions of drug-taking in the team that led to the so-called Cofidis scandal that included a raid by drugs police on Millar's house and the British rider's suspension for two years and his disqualification from the world time-trial championship he had won. Gaumont, Vandenbroucke said in his life story, suggested he take a drug trip by mixing Stilnoct, a sleeping aid, with alcohol. Gaumont described Vandenbroucke as a wild man of cycling. It was Gaumont, Vandenbroucke said, who introduced him to Bernard Sainz, with whom his name would be connected in alleged drugs scandals (see below).

In 2001 he moved to the Italian team, Шаблон:UCI team code, then to the Belgian team, Domo–Farm Frites, the following year, rejoining Lefevère and Museeuw. Vandenbroucke stayed with Lefevère when he started the Quick-Step–Davitamon team in 2003 and he came second to Peter van Petegem in the Tour of Flanders. Vandenbroucke said he was happy with his performance, that he had attacked van Petegem on the last climbs because he knew van Petegem would beat him in the sprint, but Lefevère criticised him for lack of effort and Vandenbroucke left the team.

In 2004 he joined the Italian team, Шаблон:UCI team code, under Giancarlo Ferretti. He asked not to be paid unless he won. He had a largely empty season and was fired. Vandenbroucke joined Mr Bookmaker for 2005. He missed so many races that the team director, Hilaire Van der Schueren, demanded Vandenbroucke demonstrate that he was still a racing cyclist.

Файл:Frank Vandenbroucke frankyboy.jpg

Vandenbroucke, riding for Acqua & Sapone in 2006

In two seasons at the team, he managed just one minor result, ninth on the time trial of the 2006 Three Days of de Panne. Eventually, he was sacked for not staying in touch. In 2008, he signed with Mitsubishi, where he was suspended when accused by Belgian police of buying cocaine in Wielsbeke.

On 4 April 2009 he won a stage in the French race La Boucle de l'Artois, on a 15 km time trial, his first win in a UCI-race since 1999.

Vandenbroucke said in 2004: "I've never done anything to make myself popular. In fact, the opposite. Sometimes I think it's all a dream. I've thrown up a marriage, I've been on bad terms with my parents for a long time, all of which has troubled and exhausted me." He said he had disappointed sponsors, managers and directeurs sportifs, even though they continued to show confidence in him. "I had become schizophrenic", he said. Without psychiatric help, he would "have followed the same path as Pantani", the Italian rider found dead on a hotel floor. After 450,000 French francs a month at Cofidis, he earned 220,000 at Lampre in 2001 and then half that at Fasso Bortolo.

Family problems

Vandenbroucke had a daughter (Cameron) with his partner Clotilde Menu in February 1999, but the couple never were married and soon separated. The following year, Vandenbroucke wed Sarah Pinacci, a former model and hostess with the Italian team, Saeco. They lived at Lebbeke, near Brussels.

Vandenbroucke and Pinacci had a turbulent relationship, and it was said in the media that they could not live together and they could not live apart – forming what those close to them called "a diabolical couple". In December 2001, they had a daughter (Margaux).

In July 2006, VDB fired a gun into the air while arguing with his wife, who later left him. Vandenbroucke's father, Jean-Jacques, said his son had tried to frighten his wife that he had committed suicide. His father said: Шаблон:Blockquote

Vandenbroucke and Pinacci eventually divorced, and the Belgian struggled to establish a more tranquil, less-public life. He resided for a time with a couple in Eeklo who had taken him in after earlier rows with his wife, before moving-on to stay with other friends. His parents, who run a bar and his supporters' club in Ploegsteert – membership dropped from 300 to 145 between 2005 and 2006 although 600 bought "Franky is for ever" T-shirts – said in 2006 that they had heard little from their son since he left Belgium for Italy. His wife had visited twice, to present her husband's new clothing collection, but not to see Vandenbroucke. In 2005, he and his estranged wife and their daughter had a weekend at Eurodisney in Paris. Supporters in the Frankyboys fan club at the café 't Parkske in Oudenaarde said Vandenbroucke had never been to see them, "although he said a couple of times that he would come but then never did." The chairman of the Frankyboys, Adelin de Meulemeester, said: "You can see him one day and he'll give you a friendly hello, then the next he won't even notice you [ziet hij je niet staan]."

In 2006 he asked his agent to ask his parents to sell his house in Nieuwkerke, near Ypres.

Vandenbroucke and his uncle, Jean-Luc, did not speak for two years after Vandenbroucke broke his contract in leaving Lotto, the team which Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke managed.

Drug problems

Vandenbroucke made headlines in 1999 for the first of many drug problems, arrested by Paris police but then released. In 2001 he was stopped on the E17 motorway in Belgium in a speeding car shared with Bernard Sainz, the so-called Dr Mabuse of cycling. Sainz was jailed in 2008 for falsely practising medicine. Sainz could not produce the insurance documents the law insisted he carry and police searched the car and found drugs later identified as clenbuterol, morphine and EPO, which is used in sport as a blood-booster. Sainz insisted they were homeopathic products. After Sainz said he had spent the night at Vandenbroucke's house, police acquired a search warrant from a court in Termonde and searched Vandenbroucke's house with drugs specialists. There they found small quantities of more drugs which Vandenbroucke claimed were for his dog. Vandenbroucke was handcuffed and taken to a police station. Two and a half thousand fans signed a petition complaining about his treatment. Among them was his rival, Peter van Petegem. Vandenbroucke was banned by the Flemish cycling federation from riding in Belgium for six months.

The police said he was "very evasive" during questioning. The inquiries continued and in December 2004 Vandenbroucke admitted taking growth hormones, EPO, amphetamine, morphine and steroids, although he did not name his suppliers. He was found guilty in 2005 and sentenced to 200 hours of community service. He appealed and a court in Ghent fined him 250,000 euros instead. The Belgian press agency, Belga, said the court considered a fine suited to "the type of crime and Vandenbroucke's personality."

Vandenbroucke said he was naive but not dishonest in using Sainz – who was not charged – but that he was impressed at his results. He said at a news conference in Ploegsteert that he had always thought Sainz gave him homeopathic products but that he had doubts. He said Sainz had given him drops and injections. He said:

He paid Sainz 7,000 French francs for the homeopathic drops and 50,000 in fees in the first half of 1999. Sainz said:

Vandenbroucke was twice stopped by police in 2002 for driving his Porsche after drinking.

In February 2007, publicity for Vandenbroucke's autobiography, Je ne suis pas Dieu [I'm Not God] said he admitted taking performance-enhancing drugs. Шаблон:Cquote

The publisher later denied Vandenbroucke had said it, claiming a misunderstanding. Vandenbroucke did, however, write that he lived a life of drug-taking and sometimes didn't sleep for days. He said:

In March, the Union Cycliste Internationale declared Vandenbroucke persona non grata. His ex-wife described him as a cocaine addict. Vandenbroucke was suspended by Mitsubishi–Jartazi and then left.

Impersonation

In August 2006, Vandenbroucke was caught in an Italian amateur race at Inverno, run by an organisation not associated with the Italian federation or Olympic committee, using a licence made out to "Francesco del Ponte" and bearing a photo of the world champion, Tom Boonen. He described himself as Swiss and living in Rome, giving the address of a beauty salon.

Vandenbroucke said riding had been "a weakness". He said: "I dropped out of the race. I have never crossed the line in amateur races and I have never wanted to falsify their races." He rode because he "needed races", he said, at a time when he felt strong. He denied sticking Boonen's picture on his licence, saying he would have chosen someone else's picture.

Suicide attempt

Vandenbroucke had a reputation for "accidents, illnesses, doping allegations, lawsuits, suspicion, surliness and suspensions". He said:

On 6 June 2007 he was admitted to hospital at Magenta, near Milan, Italy, where he lived. He was reported in grave condition. His team-manager, Palmiro Masciarelli, said: "Frank is all alone". He no longer has his wife and he lives by himself. There is no longer a team at his side."

Vandenbroucke had turned down the Giro d'Italia, claiming problems with his knee, on which he had an operation the previous winter. His psychiatrist, Jef Brouwers, said Шаблон:Blockquote

Death

Vandenbroucke died on 12 October 2009, while on holiday at Saly, a coastal resort 70 km south of Dakar, the capital of Senegal. He planned to stay there 12 days with a former teammate, Fabio Polazzi. An autopsy in Senegal showed he had died of a pulmonary embolism. The circumstances remain unclear due to conflicting reports, some saying a combination of drugs was found by his bedside.

An employee at La Maison Bleue, his hotel, was quoted by Agence France-Presse: "When he came in [at 2 AM], he was drunk. He was with a Senegalese woman and he planned to stay one night. At 4 AM his companion came to ask for a mop because he had been sick. By 1 PM he had not left his room. Around 8 PM my boss called me and told me he was dead."

Three people who allegedly stole his personal possessions on the night of his death were arrested, including a woman who had spent the evening with him. On 18 November 2009 his family said it did not want further tests to determine if he was under the influence of drugs.

Major results

1992

1st Файл:MaillotBélgica.PNG Road race, National Junior Road Championships

3rd Файл:Bronze medal blank.svg Road race, UCI Junior Road World Championships

1993

1st Seraing-Aachen-Seraing

1994

2nd Druivenkoers Overijse

2nd Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia

3rd Tour de Berne

3rd Clásica de Sabiñánigo

4th Trofeo Laigueglia

4th Cholet-Pays de la Loire

5th Grand Prix de Rennes

6th Overall Tour Méditerranéen

1st Stage 6

7th Veenendaal–Veenendaal

8th Grand Prix de Wallonie

9th Overall Route du Sud

9th Overall Four Days of Dunkirk

1995

1st Paris–Brussels

1st Cholet-Pays de Loire

1st Stage 1 Tour de Luxembourg

2nd Grand Prix de Fourmies

3rd Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia

7th Overall Critérium International

8th Clásica de San Sebastián

1996

1st Файл:Jersey yellow.svg Overall Tour of Austria

1st Prologue, Stages 3, 6 & 8

1st Файл:Jersey yellow.svg Overall Tour Méditerranéen

1st Stage 5

1st GP Ouest–France

1st Scheldeprijs

1st Binche-Tournai-Binche

1st Trofeo Laigueglia

Tour de Wallonie

1st Prologue, Stages 2 (ITT) & 5

2nd Grand Prix de Fourmies

4th Overall Paris–Nice

4th Overall Critérium International

5th Coppa Ugo Agostoni

7th Züri-Metzgete

1997

1st Файл:Jersey yellow.svg Overall Tour de Luxembourg

1st Stage 4 (ITT)

1st Rund um Köln

1st Trofeo Matteotti

2nd Overall Tour of Austria

1st Stages 2, 4 & 8

2nd Overall Four Days of Dunkirk

1998

1st Файл:Jersey white.svg Overall Paris–Nice

1st Stages 1 (ITT) & 5

1st Файл:Jersey yellow.svg Overall Tour de la Region Wallone

1st Stages 3 (ITT) & 6

1st Файл:Jersey yellow.svg Overall Tour of Galicia

1st Stage 4

1st Gent–Wevelgem

1st Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia

2nd La Flèche Wallonne

2nd Züri-Metzgete

2nd Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne

2nd Grand Prix Eddy Merckx (with Nico Mattan)

3rd Boucles de l'Aulne

4th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía

6th Liège–Bastogne–Liège

1999

1st Liège–Bastogne–Liège

1st Omloop Het Volk

1st Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise

Vuelta a España

1st Файл:Jersey silver.svg Points classification

1st Stages 16 & 19

1st Stage 4 Vuelta a Andalucía

2nd Overall Three Days of De Panne

1st Stage 3b (ITT)

2nd Tour of Flanders

3rd E3 Prijs Vlaanderen

4th Overall Paris–Nice

1st Stage 7

5th Dwars door Vlaanderen

7th Road race, UCI Road World Championships

7th Paris–Roubaix

9th GP Ouest–France

2000

2nd Road race, National Road Championships

6th Overall Étoile de Bessèges

1st Stage 3b (TTT)

7th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía

2002

4th Overall Tour de Pologne

2003

2nd Tour of Flanders

4th Omloop Het Volk

8th Overall Tour of Belgium

9th Dwars door Vlaanderen

2004

1st Grote Prijs Marcel Kint

6th Overall Paris–Nice

6th Overall Tour of Qatar

7th La Flèche Wallonne

8th Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme

2005

1st Grote Prijs Marcel Kint

3rd Time trial, National Road Championships

2009

3rd Overall Boucle de l'Artois

1st Stage 2 (ITT)

Grand Tour general classification results timeline

Grand Tour	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
A pink jersey Giro d'Italia	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
A yellow jersey Tour de France	50	—	—	DNF	—	—	—
A yellow jersey/A red jersey Vuelta a España	—	DNF	12	—	—	—	DNF

Legend

—	Did not compete
DNF	Did not finish

See also

• List of doping cases in cycling

External links

• Шаблон:Trap-friis
• Frank Vandenbroucke – Daily Telegraph obituary
• Alan Hope, "Death of a hard rider" and Leo Cendrowicz, "Brilliant but troubled: Vandenbroucke's stormy career" – articles in Flanders Today
• VDB4-ever – Frank Vandenbroucke Memorial Site