Английская Википедия:Frederick County, Maryland
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Frederick County is located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717.[1] The county seat is Frederick.[2]
Frederick County is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase in recentШаблон:When years.[3] It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.
Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.
Etymology
The namesake of Frederick County and its county seat is unknown, but it was probably either Frederick, Prince of Wales, or Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore.[4]
History
Frederick County was created in 1748 by the Province of Maryland from parts of Prince George's County and Baltimore County.
In 1776, following US independence, Frederick County was divided into three parts. The westernmost portion became Washington County, named after George Washington, the southernmost portion became Montgomery County, named after another Revolutionary War general, Richard Montgomery. The northern portion remained Frederick County.
In 1837, a part of Frederick County was combined with a part of Baltimore County to form Carroll County which is east of current day Frederick County.
The county has a number of properties on the National Register of Historic Places.[5]
Geography
Шаблон:Location map+ According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Шаблон:Convert, of which Шаблон:Convert is land and Шаблон:Convert (1.1%) is water.[6] It is the largest county in Maryland in terms of land area.[7]
Frederick County straddles the boundary between the Piedmont Plateau Region and the Appalachian Mountains. The county's two prominent ridges, Catoctin Mountain and South Mountain, form an extension of the Blue Ridge. The Middletown Valley lies between them.
Attractions in the Frederick area include the Clustered Spires, a monument to Francis Scott Key, the National Museum of Civil War Medicine, Monocacy National Battlefield and South Mountain battlefields, and the Schifferstadt Architectural Museum.
Adjacent counties
- Adams County, Pennsylvania (north)
- Carroll County (east)
- Franklin County, Pennsylvania (northwest)
- Montgomery County (south)
- Washington County (west)
- Loudoun County, Virginia (southwest)
National protected areas
- Catoctin Mountain Park
- Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park (part)
- Monocacy National Battlefield
Major highways
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Demographics
Frederick County has experienced a rapid increase in population in recentШаблон:When years, including that of minority groups.[3]
2020 census
| Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2010[8] | Pop 2020[9] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 181,645 | 183,636 | 77.83% | 67.58% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 19,611 | 27,007 | 8.40% | 9.94% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 512 | 401 | 0.22% | 0.15% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 8,876 | 13,427 | 3.80% | 4.94% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 92 | 154 | 0.04% | 0.06% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 405 | 1,445 | 0.17% | 0.53% |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 5,109 | 13,528 | 2.19% | 4.98% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 17,135 | 32,119 | 7.34% | 11.82% |
| Total | 233,385 | 271,717 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
2010 census
At the 2010 United States Census, there were 233,385 people, 84,800 households and 61,198 families residing in the county.[10] The population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 90,136 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert.[11] The racial make-up of the county was 81.5% white, 8.6% black or African American, 3.8% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 2.9% from other races and 2.8% from two or more races. The total (all races) of those self-identifying as Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.3%, and those persons who were white alone made up 77.8% of the population.[10] 26.3% of the population cited German ancestry, 17.4% Irish, 12.1% English, 7.2% Italian, and 6.3% American.[12]
Of the 84,800 households, 37.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 27.8% were non-families, and 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.17. The median age was 38.6 years.[10]
The median household income was $81,686 and the median family income was $95,036. Males had a median income of $62,494 and females $46,720. The per capita income was $35,172. About 3.2% of families and 4.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.8% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.<ref">Шаблон:Cite web</ref>
Law, government, and politics
Charter government
On December 1, 2014, Frederick County changed to a "charter home rule government".[13]
Voters approved this governmental change at the November 6, 2012, election with 62,469 voting for the transition and 37,368 against. Previously, Frederick County had been governed by a five-member county commission that could only legislate in local matters with the prior consent of the Maryland General Assembly. Even that authority was limited to areas authorized by the General Assembly, enabling legislation, or public local laws. As a charter county, Frederick County is now governed by a seven-member county council, with five elected from districts and two elected at-large. A popularly elected county executive is responsible for providing direction, supervision, and administrative oversight of all executive departments, agencies, and offices. The council has broad power to act on most local matters.[14]
Jan H. Gardner was elected the first Frederick County executive in 2014[15] and was re-elected in 2018.[16]
| Name | Affiliation | Term | |
|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Jan Gardner | Democrat | 2014–2022 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Jessica Fitzwater | Democrat | 2022–present |
The members of the third Frederick County Council for the term beginning 2022 are:[17]
| Name | Affiliation | District | Region | First elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Renee Knapp | Democrat | At-large | At-large | 2022 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Brad W. Young | Democrat | At-large | At-large | 2022 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Jerry Donald[18] | Democrat | 1 | Braddock Heights, Middletown, Brunswick | 2014 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Steve McKay | Republican | 2 | Monrovia, Urbana, New Market, Mount Airy | 2018 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | M.C. Keegan-Ayer | Democrat | 3 | Frederick, Clover Hill | 2014 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Kavonte Duckett | Democrat | 4 | Frederick, Ballenger Creek, Linganore | 2022 |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color" | | Mason Carter | Republican | 5 | Myersville, Emmitsburg, Thurmont | 2022 |
The Frederick County state's attorney, first elected November 2, 2010, and re-elected in 2018 and 2022, is Charlie Smith, a Republican.[17]
The sheriff of Frederick County is Republican Chuck Jenkins.[17]
The executive director for the Frederick County Office of Economic Development is Helen Propheter. The Office of Economic Development is located at 118 North Market Street, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701.
Frederick County's fire and rescue service is handled by a combination career and volunteer service delivery system. The county employs over 450 career firefighters. Volunteers of the 26 volunteer fire and rescue corporations number approximately 300 active operational members. Fire, rescue and emergency medical services, including advanced life support, are handled by career staffing supplemented by volunteers. The county has a Maryland State Police Medevac located at the Frederick Municipal Airport and is designated "Trooper 3". Trooper 3 handles calls throughout the state, but provides immediate assistance to local police, fire and rescue services.
Politics
Like the rest of German-influenced Western Maryland, Frederick County was once staunchly Republican, with Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 being the last Democrat to carry it in a presidential election until Joe Biden carried the county in 2020. The growth of the county with migration from Washington D.C. had begun to narrow the margins starting from 2008, with John McCain only edging out Barack Obama by only 1,157 votes out of over one hundred thousand cast in the 2008 election.
Democratic strength is mostly concentrated in the City of Frederick, while the suburban and rural areas of the county lean more Republican.
| Voter registration and party enrollment of Frederick County[19] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Total | Percentage | |||
| Шаблон:Party color cell | Democratic | 77,638 | 39.07% | ||
| Шаблон:Party color cell | Republican | 68,972 | 34.71% | ||
| Шаблон:Party color cell | Independents, unaffiliated, and other | 52,103 | 26.22% | ||
| Total | 198,713 | 100.00% | |||
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In state-level elections, Republicans in Frederick rebounded to more historical levels in the 2010 Maryland gubernatorial and senatorial elections, giving the Republican Ehrlich–Kane ticket 55% to Democrat O'Malley–Brown's 45. Frederick voters also supported Republican Senate challenger Eric Wargotz over incumbent Democratic Senator Barbara Mikulski by a margin of 51–46, even as Mikulski was winning statewide by a landslide 61–37. Despite its conservative reputation, Frederick County voted in favor of Maryland Question 6, which legalized same-sex marriage in Maryland. In the 2014 gubernatorial race, Republican Larry Hogan won Frederick County strongly with 63 percent of the vote compared to Democrat Anthony Brown's 35 percent.[20] In the 2018 elections, despite increased support for Hogan, the Democrats experienced significant gains, securing a majority on the County Council and winning District 3B in the House of Delegates.[21][22] The Senate election also saw incumbent U.S. Senator Ben Cardin win Frederick County with 51.7% of the vote.[23] After Biden's win in 2020, the trend towards Democrats continued in 2022, as Democrats increased their majority on the County Council by one seat and gubernatorial candidate Wes Moore won the county with over 53% of the vote compared to 43% for Republican and Emmitsburg resident Dan Cox, the first time Frederick County voted for a Democratic gubernatorial candidate since William Donald Schaefer's landslide victory in 1986. [24] In the Senate election also held in 2022, incumbent Democratic Senator Chris Van Hollen won the county 55.3% to 44.6% over Republican Chris Chaffee.[25]
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third parties |
|---|---|---|---|
| style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|2022 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|43.19% 46,040 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|53.46% 56,992 | 3.34% 3,576 |
| style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|2018 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|67.67% 72,560 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|31.11% 33,355 | 1.22% 1,304 |
| style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|2014 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|63.34% 50,715 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|34.57% 27,682 | 2.09% 1,675 |
| style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|2010 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|54.74% 41,410 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|42.59% 32,222 | 2.67% 2,021 |
| style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|2006 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|59.57% 43,536 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|39.19% 28,644 | 1.24% 908 |
| style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|2002 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|65.98% 43,646 | style="text-align:center;" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|33.12% 21,913 | 0.9% 596 |
Public safety
The Frederick County Sheriff's Office provides court protection, jail management and morgue operation for the entire county. It provides police patrol and detective services within the unincorporated areas of Frederick County. The entire county entails a population of 222,938 within Шаблон:Convert. Frederick City, Brunswick, Mount Airy, Emmitsburg and Thurmont have municipal police departments. Middletown contracts with the Sheriff's Office for its policing.[27]
Crime
The following table includes the number of incidents reported for each type of offense from 2012 to 2019.[28]
Economy
The U.S. Census Bureau reported the following data for Frederick County, June 6, 2011.[29]
| Metric | Frederick County | Maryland |
|---|---|---|
| Per capita money income in past 12 months (2013 dollars), 2009-2013 | $36,917 | $36,354 |
| Median household income, 2009-2013 | $84,570 | $73,538 |
| Persons below poverty level, percent, 2009-2013 | 6.1% | 9.8% |
| Private nonfarm establishments, 2013 | 5,955 | 135,4211 |
| Private nonfarm employment, 2013 | 83,799 | 2,182,2601 |
| Private nonfarm employment, percent change, 2012-2013 | 1.1% | 1.4% |
| Nonemployer establishments, 2012 | 16,843 | 442,314 |
| Total number of firms, 2007 | 21,430 | 528,112 |
| Black-owned firms, percent | 5.9% | 19.3% |
| Asian-owned firms, percent | 3.3% | 6.8% |
| Hispanic-owned firms, percent, 2007 | 3.6% | 4.9% |
| Women-owned firms | 31.1% | 32.6% |
| Manufacturers shipments, 2007 ($1000) | 3,003,696 | 41,456,097 |
| Merchant wholesaler sales, 2007 ($1000) | 1,252,142 | 51,276,797 |
| Retail sales, 2007 ($1000) | 3,066,281 | 75,664,186 |
| Retail sales per capita, 2007 | $13,629 | $13,429 |
| Accommodation and food services sales, 2007 ($1000) | 356,482 | 10,758,428 |
| Building permits, 2013 | 1,220 | 17,918 |
According to the Maryland Department of Business and Economic Development, the following are the principal employers in Frederick County. This list excludes U.S. post offices and state and local governments, but includes public institutions of higher education.[30]
| Employer | Employees (Nov. 2014)[30] |
|---|---|
| Fort Detrick (including Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research) |
4,600 |
| Frederick Memorial Healthcare System | 2,696 |
| Wells Fargo Home Mortgage | 1,881 |
| Leidos Biomedical Research | 1,836 |
| Bechtel | 1,578 |
| Frederick Community College | 1,055 |
| State Farm Insurance | 900 |
| Walmart/Sam's Club | 700 |
| AstraZeneca | 595 |
| Lonza Walkersville | 520 |
| Hood College | 519 |
| Mount St. Mary's University | 511 |
| UnitedHealthcare | 500 |
| McDonald's | 499 |
| Giant Food | 490 |
| Way Station | 480 |
| Costco Wholesale | 452 |
| Life Technologies | 450 |
| NVR | 450 |
| Wegmans Food Markets | 445 |
| Home Depot | 444 |
| Plamondon Companies | 400 |
| Stulz Air Technology Systems | 375 |
| Weis Markets | 363 |
| RR Donnelley | 359 |
| YMCA of Frederick County | 350 |
| Canam Steel | 333 |
| Giant Eagle | 330 |
| Homewood Retirement Centers | 300 |
| Toys "R" Us | 260 |
| Trans-Tech | 260 |
Frederick County leads Maryland in milk production; the county's dairy herds account for one-third of the state's total.[31] However, the dairy market is unstable, and the county, like the state more broadly, has lost dairy farms.[32]
Communities
Cities
Towns
- Burkittsville
- Emmitsburg
- Middletown
- Mount Airy (partly in Carroll County)
- Myersville
- New Market
- Thurmont
- Walkersville
- Woodsboro
Village
Census-designated places
The Census Bureau recognizes the following census-designated places in the county: Шаблон:Div col
- Adamstown
- Ballenger Creek
- Bartonsville
- Braddock Heights
- Buckeystown
- Green Valley
- Jefferson
- Libertytown
- Linganore
- Monrovia
- Point of Rocks
- Sabillasville
- Spring Ridge
- Urbana
Unincorporated communities
- Charlesville
- Clover Hill
- Creagerstown
- Discovery
- Garfield
- Graceham
- Ijamsville
- Knoxville
- Ladiesburg
- Lewistown
- Lake Linganore
- Linganore
- Mountaindale
- Mount Pleasant
- New Midway
- Petersville
- Rocky Ridge
- Spring Garden
- Sunny Side
- Tuscarora
- Unionville
- Utica
- Wolfsville
Notable people
Notable people from Frederick County include:
- Shadrach Bond, first governor of Illinois
- Lawrence Everhart, soldier in the American Revolutionary War
- Barbara Fritchie, Unionist subject of 1863 Civil War poem by John Greenleaf Whittier
- Thomas Johnson, delegate to First Continental Congress and U.S. Supreme Court judge
- Francis Scott Key, wrote "The Star-Spangled Banner" in 1814, which became the U.S. national anthem in 1931
- Adamson Tannehill, soldier and member of the United States House of Representatives[33]
- Roger B. Taney, fifth U.S. Supreme Court chief justice
See also
References
External links
- Fire Rescue Information: Frederick County Volunteer Fire Rescue Association
- Шаблон:Official website
- Frederick County Public Schools (FCPS)
- Frederick County Public Libraries (FCPL)
- Шаблон:Curlie
- Frederick County Board of County Commissioners
Шаблон:Frederick County, Maryland Шаблон:Maryland Шаблон:DCMetroArea Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
Шаблон:Cite web - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:NRISref
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ "2018 county election results in Maryland". WTOP. November 7, 2018.
- ↑ 17,0 17,1 17,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web - ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Frederick County Sheriff office website
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ State & County QuickFacts, Frederick County Шаблон:Webarchive, Maryland, United States Census Bureau.
- ↑ 30,0 30,1 Major Employers in Frederick County, Maryland, Maryland Department of Business and Economic Development.
- ↑ "Maryland at a Glance: Agriculture", Maryland Manual, April 2015.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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