Английская Википедия:Free & Equal Elections Foundation

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates

Файл:FE-2013-logo-main out.png
Free and Equal Elections Foundation Logo and Tagline

The Free & Equal Elections Foundation (Free & Equal) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit, non-partisan organization in the United States, the mission of which is to empower American voters through education and advocacy of electoral reforms.[1] Free & Equal leads national, state, and local efforts to open the electoral process in the United States by hosting all-inclusive gubernatorial, Presidential, and senatorial debates; organizing Electoral Reform Symposiums; producing United We Stand tours; and supporting individuals running for office. Free & Equal was first organized in 1982 as the Foundation for Free Campaigns and Elections, before being formally reorganized in 2008 by Christina Tobin, an American activist and leader in the election reform and voters' rights movement.

Presidential debates

2008

Шаблон:Main article During the 2008 presidential election, Free & Equal hosted a presidential debate at the Mayflower Renaissance Hotel in Washington, D.C., on October 23, 2008. Constitution Party candidate Chuck Baldwin and independent candidate Ralph Nader participated in a debate moderated by journalist Chris Hedges. The Free & Equal debate was the only presidential debate featuring independent and third-party candidates held during the 2008 election to be broadcast to a national audience. The debate was broadcast live on C-SPAN2 in prime time.

Free & Equal debates, 2008
N° Date Host Location Moderators Participants
Шаблон:Colors Participant    Шаблон:Colors Non-invitee     Шаблон:Colors Absent invitee    Democratic Republican Libertarian Green Constitution Independent
Senator
Barack Obama
of Illinois 		Senator
John McCain
of Arizona 		Congressman
Bob Barr
of Georgia 		Congresswoman
Cynthia McKinney
of Georgia 		Pastor
Chuck Baldwin
of Florida 		Advocate
Ralph Nader
of Connecticut
1 Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes

2012

Шаблон:Main article

Файл:Christina with Larry King Retouched Final.jpg
Free & Equal's 2012 "Open Presidential Debate" was moderated by Christina Tobin (left) and Larry King (right).

In 2012, Free & Equal sponsored the October 23, 2012 debate among four third party candidates for President of the United States. It featured Gary Johnson (Libertarian Party), Jill Stein (Green Party), Virgil Goode (Constitution Party), and Rocky Anderson (Justice Party). The debate was moderated by former Larry King Live host Larry King and Christina Tobin. It was televised by RT TV, Al Jazeera English, and C-SPAN.[2][3]

Free & Equal debates, 2012
N° Date Host Location Moderator Participants
Шаблон:Colors Participant.    Шаблон:Colors Non-invitee.     Шаблон:Colors Absent invitee.    Democratic Republican Libertarian Green Constitution Justice
President
Barack Obama
of Illinois 		Governor
Mitt Romney
of Massachusetts 		Governor
Gary Johnson
of New Mexico 		Doctor
Jill Stein
of Massachusetts 		Congressman
Virgil Goode
of Virginia 		Mayor
Rocky Anderson
of Utah
1 Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes
2 Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center Шаблон:No Шаблон:No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:No Шаблон:No

2016

Шаблон:Main article Free & Equal hosted an open debate along with Student Voices Count at the University of Colorado Boulder's Macky Auditorium on October 25, 2016.[4] Originally, all presidential candidates with ballot access sufficient to represent a majority of electoral votes were invited.[5] in October 2016, Free and Equal extended the invitation to all candidates with ballot lines representing at least fifteen percent of potential voters: the Democratic, Republican, Libertarian, Green, Constitution, Reform, and Socialism and Liberation parties, as well as independent candidate Evan McMullin.[6] Gary Johnson, who participated in the 2012 debate, had already publicly declined in July 2016 to debate Jill Stein on The Young Turks because of a matter of "just time".[7]

Free & Equal debates, 2016
N° Date Host Location Moderators Invited participants
Шаблон:Colors Participant.    Шаблон:Colors Absent invitee. Republican Democratic Libertarian Green Constitution Reform PSL Independent
Businessman
Donald Trump
of New York 		Secretary
Hillary Clinton
of New York 		Governor
Gary Johnson
of New Mexico 		Doctor
Jill Stein
of Massachusetts 		Lieutenant
Darrell Castle
of Tennessee 		Businessman
Rocky De La Fuente
of California 		Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California 		Director
Evan McMullin
of Utah
1 October 25, 2016 University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, Colorado Ed Asner[8] Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes[9][8] Шаблон:Yes[9][8] Шаблон:Yes[9][8] Шаблон:Yes-No

2020

Primaries

Early on March 4, 2020, the Free & Equal Elections Foundation held a debate at the Hilton Chicago Hotel. Various third-party candidates, as well as minor candidates affiliated with the Democratic and Republican parties attended.[10] Some, but not all, of the participants would go on to be their parties nominees.

2020 Free & Equal debates
Шаблон:Abbr Date & Time Location Moderators Invited participants
Шаблон:Colors Participant. Democratic Libertarian Green Constitution American Solidarity Life and Liberty Transhumanist
Businessman
Mark Stewart
of Connecticut 		Activist
Dan Berhman
of Texas 		Carpenter
Erik Gerhardt
of Pennsylvania 		LNC Vice Chair
Arvin Vohra
of Maryland 		Activist
Sedinam Moyowasifza-Curry
of California 		Financial Advisor
Charles Kraut
of Virginia 		Educator
Brian Carroll
of California 		Activist
J.R. Myers
of Alaska 		Activist
Ben Zion
of Arizona
1a March 4, 2020
2:00 pm CST 		Chicago, Illinois Christina Tobin Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes
Шаблон:Colors Participant. Republican Democratic Libertarian Green /
Socialist 		PSL Independent
Futurist
Zoltan Istvan
of California 		Attorney
Mosie Boyd
of Arkansas 		Lieutenant
Ken Armstrong
of Hawaii 		Lecturer
Jo Jorgensen
of South Carolina 		Corporal
Adam Kokesh
of Indiana 		Activist
Vermin Supreme
of Massachusetts 		Tradesman
Howie Hawkins
of New York 		Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California 		Activist
Mark Charles
of the District of Columbia
1b March 4, 2020
6:30 pm CST 		Chicago, Illinois Christina Tobin Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes

General election

Two debates were held prior to the general election. The first was on October 8, 2020, in Denver, Colorado, with participation limited to candidates on the ballot in at least eight states.[11] A second debate with the same candidates occurred on October 24, 2020, in Cheyenne, Wyoming.[12]

2020 Free & Equal debates
Шаблон:Abbr Date & Time Location Moderators Invited participants
Шаблон:Colors Participant.
Шаблон:Colors Absent Invitee. 		Republican Democratic Libertarian Green /
Socialist 		PSL Alliance /
Reform 		Constitution American Solidarity Independent
President
Donald Trump
of Florida 		Former Vice President
Joe Biden
of Delaware 		Lecturer
Jo Jorgensen
of South Carolina 		Tradesman
Howie Hawkins
of New York 		Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California 		Businessman
Rocky De La Fuente
of California 		Businessman
Don Blankenship
of West Virginia 		Educator
Brian Carroll
of California 		Entrepreneur
Brock Pierce
of Puerto Rico 		Producer
Kanye West
of Wyoming
2 October 8, 2020
6:00 pm MDT 		Denver, Colorado Christina Tobin Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes-No
3 October 24, 2020
6:00 pm MDT 		Cheyenne, Wyoming Christina Tobin Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes-No Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes-No

2024

Primaries

On January 18, 2024, the Free & Equal Elections Foundation held their very first Democratic Party Primary debate streamed on Rumble while four candidates took the stage at Chelsea Television Studios in New York City, New York. Candidates were invited if they had ballot access in at least four states. Although eight candidates were invited, [13] only four participated as they were Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons, and Jason Palmer.[14]

On February 29, 2024 they held their first “Independent” Presidential Debate also at Chelsea Television Studios featuring two Libertarian candidates being Chase Oliver and Lars Mapstead, two Green Party candidates being Jill Stein and Jasmine Sherman (also nominee of The Unicorn Party), plus Party for Socialism and Liberation nominee Claudia de la Cruz. Independent candidates Robert F. Kennedy Jr and Cornel West were invited but unable to attend. [15]

These selections were made via multiple choice voting available on their website where members of the public could pick their top seven candidates across party lines and independents. [16]

Electoral Reform Symposiums

Since 2009, Free & Equal has hosted electoral reform symposiums to unite intellectuals and experts to share and debate reforms to the U.S. electoral system. Past panelists and speakers include President of The League of Women Voters of Colorado Nancy Crow, Deputy Secretary of State of Colorado Suzanne Staiert, Founder of FairVote Rob Richie, Founder of Nexus Earth Colin Cantrell, Founder of Ballot Access News Richard Winger and more.[17][18][19][20][21]

United We Stand Tour

In 2014, Free & Equal launched United We Stand, a festival and tour uniting the younger generations with musicians, artists, and thought leaders to promote political and cultural change. Since its inception, the tour has made stops at Belasco Theater in Los Angeles in 2014[22] and 2015,[23] University of Colorado Boulder in 2016,[24] and Texas A&M University in 2018.[25] The 2019 tour includes Indiana,[26] Texas,[27] Colorado,[28] Oregon,[29] and Tennessee.[30]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:United States presidential debates

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Michael Calderone, Third-Party Debate To Be Broadcast By Al Jazeera English, RT America, But Not Major Cable News Networks, Huffington Post, Posted: 10/19/2012, Updated: 10/23/2012, accessed November 4, 2012
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ https://www.einpresswire.com/article/679141385/free-equal-elections-to-host-national-democratic-debate-jan-18-in-los-angeles
  14. ↑ https://x.com/FreeandEqual/status/1747795221445034107?s=20
  15. ↑ https://x.com/FreeandEqual/status/1753433832676880811?s=20
  16. ↑ https://freeandequal.org/debate/2024-free-equal-presidential-debate/
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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