Английская Википедия:French Guianese Creole

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Файл:French Guiana CIA.gif

French Guiana, where French Guianese Creole originates.

Шаблон:Listen French Guianese Creole (Kriyòl; also called variously Guianan Creole, Guianese Creole in English and Créole guyanais in French) is a French-based creole language spoken in French Guiana, and to a lesser degree, in Suriname and Brasil. It resembles Antillean Creole, but there are some lexical and grammatical differences between them. Antilleans can generally understand French Guianese Creole, though there may be some instances of confusion. The differences consist of more French and Brazilian Portuguese influences (due to the proximity of Brazil and Portuguese presence in the country for several years). There are also words of Amerindian and African origin. There are French Guianese communities in Suriname and Brazil who continue to speak the language.

It should not be confused with the Guyanese Creole language, based on English, spoken in nearby Guyana.

History

French Guianese Creole was a language spoken between slaves and settlers. But the conditions of French Guianese Creole's constitution were quite different from the Creole of the West Indies, on the one hand because of the conflicts between French, English, Dutch, Portuguese and Spanish, and French dialects such as the Caen have greatly influenced French Guianese Creole, which has made it significantly different from the Creoles of Martinique, Haiti, St. Lucia and Guadeloupe.

There are, therefore, in French Guianese Creole many words in common with the Creoles of the West Indies. However, a number of words differentiate them significantly.

In addition, in French Guiana, the letter 'r' is mostly preserved in onset position, whereas in the West Indies the pronunciation of 'r' tends rather to approximate the semi-vowel /w/.

Vocabulary	Pronunciation in French	In French Guianese Creole	Meaning in English
Riz	Ri	Douri	Rice
Dormir	Dormir	Dronmi	Sleep

Possessive determiners are placed before the noun:

In French	In French Guianese Creole	In English
Ma maison	Mo kaz	My house
Leurs enfants	Yé timoun	Their children
Sa femme	So fanm/So madanm	His wife

Orthography and phonology

French Guianese Creole is largely written using the French alphabet, with only a few exceptions. 'Q' and 'X' are replaced by 'k' and 'z' respectively. 'C' is not used apart from in the digraph, ch, where it stands for Шаблон:IPA (the word for horse is chouval, similar to French's cheval). Otherwise, it is replaced by 'k' when it stands for Шаблон:IPA (Standard French's comment (how) is written kouman) and 's', when it stands for Шаблон:IPA. Silent 'h' is never written, unlike in Standard French, where it remains for etymological reasons. The diphthong 'OU' is replaced by 'w' when it stands for Шаблон:IPA. The diphthong 'OI' is replaced by 'we', but by 'o' in the words "mo" and "to".

Examples

Файл:Kréyol Gwiyanè.png

French Guianese Creole phrases making the shape of French Guiana

French Guianese Creole (IPA)	Metropolitan French	English
Bonswè Шаблон:IPA	Bonsoir	Good evening
Souplé Шаблон:IPA	S'il vous plaît	Please
Mèsi Шаблон:IPA	Merci	Thank you
Mo Шаблон:IPA	Moi, me, je	Me, I
To Шаблон:IPA	Toi, te, tu	You
I, L, Li Шаблон:IPA	Lui, le, la	He, She, Him, Her, It
Roun Шаблон:IPA	Un, une	One
Eskizé mo Шаблон:IPA	Excusez-moi	Excuse me, pardon me
Lapli ka tonbé Шаблон:IPA	Il pleut	It's raining
Jod-la a roun bèl jou Шаблон:IPA	Aujourd'hui, il fait beau	Today is a beautiful day
A kouman to fika? Шаблон:IPA	(Comment) ça va?	How are you?
Mari a mo manman Шаблон:IPA	Marie est ma mère	Marie is my mother
Rodolf a to frè Шаблон:IPA	Rodolphe est ton frère	Rudolph is your brother
I ka alé laplaj Шаблон:IPA	Il va à la plage	He's going to the beach
Mo pa mélé Шаблон:IPA	Je m'en moque	I don't care