Английская Википедия:Friends of Coal

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox organization Friends of Coal is a 501(c)(6) nonprofit trade group[1] that functions in several states and works closely with state coal trade organizations.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]

History

Friends of Coal was founded in West Virginia by the coal industry as a countermeasure to grassroots environmental justice movements during the summer of 2002 over debates about legislation concerning weight limits on West Virginia highways for trucks carrying coal.[9]Шаблон:Rp[10]Шаблон:Rp The organization was incorporated in Kentucky on May 13, 2008.[11]

A marketing firm called Charles Ryan Associates helped create a backbone for the organization.[12] It subsequently broadened its efforts to improve the image of the coal industry and to link the coal industry to the economic and social self-identity of people who live near coal mines. As part of the latter effort, it sponsors local events like car shows and sports events.[10]Шаблон:Rp Friends of Coal also says it helps create jobs for upcoming generations.[13]

Activities

Friends of Coal represents coal mining companies.[14]

Marshall University and West Virginia University played in a yearly football game sponsored by Friends of Coal, known as the Friends of Coal Bowl, from 2006 to 2012.[15][16] In 2014, the Friends of Coal Bowl was a game between two Kentucky high school football teams.[17] These sponsorships are controversial, and the universities have been criticized for "selling out" to the coal industry.[18]

Friends of Coal sponsored An Evening with Charlie Daniels Band and Halfway to Hazard in Louisville, Kentucky in 2009.[19]

Friends of Coal sponsors car shows and have a license plate available for purchase by their members.[20] Revenue from purchases of the license plates forms 97% of the organization's annual revenue.[1]

Friends of Coal provides academic scholarships for students who have a family member in the coal industry.[21] During 2019, Friends of Coal gave a total of $222,930 of scholarships.[1]

In 2010, U.S. Senate candidate Rand Paul used Friends of Coal's logo in a political advertisement. Friends of Coal had not endorsed Paul's candidacy, and a Friends of Coal executive asked the Paul campaign to stop using the logo so that people would not wrongly think otherwise. The Paul campaign refused to stop using the logo, saying it was legal to use the logo, even without permission from the organization.[22]

Ladies Auxiliary

There is a sub-group from Friends of Coal known as Friends of Coal Ladies Auxiliary. It was founded in Beckley, West Virginia, in 2009 by Regina Fairchild. It aims to help the coal industry, similarly to Friends of Coal, and also participates in charity work and military troop support.[23]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:WestVirginia-stub Шаблон:Mining-stub

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 "Form 990: Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax". Friends of Coal Inc. Internal Revenue Service. December 31, 2019.
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ "Articles of Incorporation." Friends of Coal, Inc.. Kentucky Secretary of State. May 13, 2008.
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ "Who We Are". Friends of Coal. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
  15. ↑ "Friends of Coal to Sponsor Game". Associated Press. The Park City Daily News (Bowling Green, Kentucky). June 21, 2006. p. C5.
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ "This Week's High School Football Schedule". Lexington Herald-Leader (Lexington, Kentucky). October 10, 2014. p. B4.
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Ikenberg, Tamara (April 3, 2009). "Charlie and Hazard". The Courier-Journal (Louisville, Kentucky). p. D2.
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Gerth, Joseph (February 24, 2010). "Paul Ad Assails Grayson Over His Remarks on Coal". The Courier-Journal (Louisville, Kentucky). p. B7.
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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