Английская Википедия:Fushimi Inari-taisha

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox religious building

Шаблон:Nihongo is the head shrine of the kami Inari, located in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. The shrine sits at the base of a mountain also named Inari which is Шаблон:Convert above sea level, and includes trails up the mountain to many smaller shrines which span Шаблон:Convert and take approximately 2 hours to walk up.[1]

Inari was originally and remains primarily the kami of rice and agriculture, but merchants also worship Inari as the patron of businessШаблон:Fact. Each of Fushimi Inari-taisha's roughly 10,000 torii was donated by a Japanese business, and approximately 800 of these are set up in rows that give the impression of entering a tunnel.[2]

Owing to the popularity of Inari's division and re-enshrinement, this shrine is said to have as many as 32,000 sub-shrines (分社 bunsha) throughout Japan.[3]

History

Файл:Hushimi-inari-taisha haiden.jpg
Front view of the haiden

The shrine gained imperial patronage during the early Heian period.[4] In 965, Emperor Murakami decreed that messengers carry written accounts of important events to the guardian kami of Japan. These heihaku were initially presented to 16 shrines, including the Inari Shrine.[5]

From 1871 through 1946, Fushimi Inari-taisha was officially designated one of the Шаблон:Nihongo, meaning that it stood in the first rank of government supported shrines.[6]

Unlike most Shinto shrines, Fushimi Inari-taisha, in keeping with typical Inari shrines, has an open view of the main object of worship (a mirror).

A drawing in Kiyoshi Nozaki's Kitsune: Japan's Fox of Mystery, Romance and Humor in 1786 depicting the shrine says that its two-story entry gate was built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.

The shrine draws several million worshipers over the Japanese New Year, 2.69 million for 3 days in 2006 reported by the police, the most in western Japan.

Structures

The earliest structures were built in 711 on the Inariyama hill in southwestern Kyoto, but the shrine was re-located in 816 on the request of the monk Kūkai. The main shrine structure was built in 1499.[7] At the bottom of the hill are the Шаблон:Nihongo and the Шаблон:Nihongo. Behind them, in the middle of the mountain, the Шаблон:Nihongo is reachable by a path lined with thousands of torii. To the top of the mountain are tens of thousands of Шаблон:Nihongo for private worship.

Senbon Torii

The highlight of the shrine is the rows of torii gates, known as Шаблон:Nowrap The custom to donate a torii began spreading from the Edo period (1603–1868) to have a wish come true or in gratitude for a wish that came true, with successive gates being added up to the present day by donors out of gratitude. Along the main path there are around 800 torii gates.[2]

Access

Файл:Fushimi Inari-taisha Senbon torii - one section - 2015-12-29.webm
(video) A walking up one section of the torii path.

The shrine is just outside the Inari Station on the Nara Line of the West Japan Railway Company (JR), a five-minute ride from Kyoto Station. It is a short walk from Fushimi-Inari Station on the Main Line of the Keihan Electric Railway.[8]

The shrine is open 24 hours with both the approach to the shrine and the Шаблон:Nihongo itself illuminated all night. There is no entrance fee.

Environs

In the approach to the shrine are a number of sweet shops selling Шаблон:Nihongo, a form of fortune cookie dating at least to the 19th century, and which are believed by some to be the origin of the American fortune cookie.[9][10][11]

In popular culture

Шаблон:Prose

A part of the Noh play Kokaji takes place in Fushimi Inari-taisha.[12]

The shrine inspired Nintendo game designer, Shigeru Miyamoto, to create the series Star Fox. In the series, players control Fox McCloud and fly starfighters through colorful rings in aerial combat. Miyamoto attributed these inspirations to the Fushimi Inari Shrine, which is within walking distance of the Nintendo Kyoto campus.[13]

Gallery

Fox

Foxes (kitsune), regarded as the messengers, are often found in Inari shrines. One attribute is a key (for the rice granary) in their mouths.

See also

Шаблон:Portal

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Fushimi-ku, Kyoto Шаблон:Shinto shrine Шаблон:Inari Faith Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Breen, John et al. (2000). Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami, pp. 74–75.
  5. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines, pp. 116–117.
  6. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 124.
  7. ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric et al. (1998). Japan encyclopedia, p. 224.
  8. ↑ Fushimi Inari Shrine, How to get there
  9. ↑ Lee, Jennifer 8. (January 16, 2008). "Solving a Riddle Wrapped in a Mystery Inside a Cookie" The New York Times. Retrieved on January 16, 2008.
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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