Шаблон:Cs1 configШаблон:Short descriptionШаблон:Infobox geneGPR156 (G protein-coupled receptor 156), is a human gene which encodes a G protein-coupled receptor belonging to metabotropic glutamate receptor subfamily.[1] By sequence homology, this gene was proposed as being a possible GABAB receptor subunit, however when expressed in cells alone or with other GABAB subunits, no response to GABAB ligands could be detected. In vitro studies on GPR156 constitutive activity revealed a high level of basal activation and coupling with members of the Gi/Goheterotrimeric G protein family.[2] In 2021, an article was reported that GPR156 modulates hair cell orientation in the cochlea.[3] Also, it was proposed that GPR156 is related to congenital hearing loss.[4] In 2024, molecular structures of GPR156 were characterized by using cryogenic electron microscopy.[5]
Structure
Among class C GPCR family members, GPR156 is unique because it lacks a large extracellular domain. Structural analyses revealed that the asymmetric binding of G-protein to GPR156 triggers conformational change of its cytoplasmic face without altering dimer interface.[5] Structural and functional analyses suggest that abundant endogenous phospholipids, receptor dimerization, and the G-protein binding-induced conformational change of the cytoplasmic face are the primary reasons for constitutive activation of GPR156.[5] Phosphatidylglycerol further stimulates the activity of GPR156, which suggests the environmental changes of the phospholipid composition may regulate the GPR156 activity.[5]
