Английская Википедия:Gail Patrick

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Gail Patrick (born Margaret LaVelle Fitzpatrick; June 20, 1911 – July 6, 1980) was an American film actress and television producer. Often cast as the bad girl or the other woman, she appeared in more than 60 feature films between 1932 and 1948, notably My Man Godfrey (1936), Stage Door (1937), and My Favorite Wife (1940).

After retiring from acting, she became, as Gail Patrick Jackson, president of Paisano Productions and executive producer of the Perry Mason television series (1957–1966). She was one of the first female producers, and the only female executive producer in prime time during the nine years Perry Mason was on the air. She served two terms (1960–1962) as vice president of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and as president of its Hollywood chapter—the first woman to serve in a leadership capacity in the academy, and its only female leader until 1983.

Career

Шаблон:Multiple image

Gail Patrick was born Margaret LaVelle Fitzpatrick on June 20, 1911, in Birmingham, Alabama.[1]Шаблон:Rp After graduating from Howard College, she remained as acting dean of women.[2] She completed two years of law school at the University of Alabama[3] and aspired to be the state's governor.[4] In 1932, "for a lark", she entered a Paramount Pictures beauty and talent contest, and won train fare to Hollywood for herself and her brother. Although she did not win the contest (for "Miss Panther Woman" in Island of Lost Souls starring Charles Laughton and Bela Lugosi, 1932), Patrick was offered a standard contract.[1]Шаблон:Rp

She visited the studio officials by herself and asked to negotiate. She said that she must have $75 a week instead of the customary $50, and that she would not accept the standard 12-week-layoff provision. "I also read the fine print and blacked out the clause saying I had to do cheesecake stills," Patrick recalled in a 1979 interview. "In the back of my mind I had this idea I could never go home to practice law if such stills were floating around."[1]Шаблон:Rp

Her physical attractiveness helped her win top billing occasionally, as in King of Alcatraz (1938) and Disbarred (1939), both directed by Robert Florey—but she most often played romantic rivals.[2] She appeared in more than 60 movies between 1932 and 1948. Some of these roles include Carole Lombard's spoiled sister in My Man Godfrey (1936), Ginger Rogers's rival in Stage Door (1937), and Anna May Wong's competitor in Dangerous to Know (1938). Patrick played Cary Grant's second wife in My Favorite Wife (1940), with Irene Dunne,[5] and helped Leo McCarey write the judge's lines in the second courtroom scene.[6] Film scholar Maria DiBattista called her "the underrated Gail Patrick, who excelled in feckless or selfish or simply second-best brunettes."[7]

Patrick attributed her screen success to an accident of timing. When she arrived in Hollywood, the movie studios then wanted hussies, and they felt she looked like one. "I never thought I had much to do with it", Patrick recalled. "Somebody made me up, somebody did my hair, somebody told me what to say and do, and somebody took the picture."[8]

Patrick was so afraid of the camera that she made it a point to never see her films. In 1979, she screened a print of My Man Godfrey given to her by a friend, and she watched herself on screen for the first time. "My fright emerged as haughtiness and I can see where I got my image as a snob, a meanie," Patrick said.[1]Шаблон:Rp She said director Gregory La Cava told her she should suck on lemons and beat up little children to prepare for the role of Cornelia Bullock. La Cava borrowed Patrick from Paramount again for his next film, Stage Door. "I was never nastier", she said.[1]Шаблон:Rp

Later career

As demand for her type of character waned, Patrick left the screen. "When people ask why I left I explain I did not have the soul of an actress," Patrick said. "Mine had dollar signs on it."[1]Шаблон:Rp

During the summer of 1951, Patrick hosted Home Plate, a postgame interview show at Gilmore Field that immediately followed television broadcasts of the Hollywood Stars home games on KTTV.[9][10] She and her third husband, Cornwell Jackson, adopted a daughter in 1952,[11] and a son in 1954.[1]Шаблон:Rp[12]Шаблон:Rp

Cornwell Jackson was literary agent for attorney-author Erle Stanley Gardner, creator of the fictional criminal defense attorney Perry Mason. After a series of disappointing Warner Bros. films and a radio series he despised, Gardner had refused to license the character for any more adaptations, but Patrick won the author's trust. She had maintained her network in show business, and shared Gardner's love for the law. Patrick, Jackson, and Gardner formed a production company, Paisano Productions, of which she was president. Patrick developed the television series Perry Mason and sold it to CBS, where it ran for nine seasons (1957–66) and earned the first Silver Gavel Award presented for television drama by the American Bar Association.[13] Gail Patrick Jackson was its executive producer.[14] She was one of the first women producers.[15]

Файл:Gail-Patrick-Jackson-1961.jpg
Gail Patrick Jackson, executive producer of Perry Mason, in 1961

Longtime CBS executive Anne Nelson, who handled contract negotiation and other business affairs for CBS, called Patrick "my adversary in business, but my friend in life". In a 2008 interview, Nelson reported that Patrick was the only female executive producer in prime time during the years Perry Mason was on the air. "Women today won't believe that things were that tough", Nelson said, "but Gail was alone in her bailiwick, and I was the only female executive not in personnel at CBS at the time". Nelson said that years later, Patrick told her she had written up the contract herself, and that it was so wild and favorable to Paisano Productions that she had no idea CBS would accept it. "But we bought it", Nelson said. "And it has been a very big financial success, not only for CBS, but [also] for the Paisano partners over this many years".[16]

Patrick also developed a half-hour Paisano Productions series based on Gardner's Cool and Lam stories.[17]Шаблон:Rp A pilot directed by Jacques Tourneur aired on CBS in 1958, but a series did not materialize.[18]

Patrick served two terms (1960–62) as vice president of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and as president of its Hollywood chapter.[19][20] She was the first woman to serve in a leadership capacity in the academy, and its only female leader until 1983.[21]

Personal life

Patrick was a Democrat who supported the campaign of Adlai Stevenson during the 1952 presidential election.[22]

Her home, a gated estate of nearly seven acres on La Brea Terrace in Los Angeles,[23] was occasionally a shooting location for Perry Mason, beginning with the third season.[24]Шаблон:Rp The mansion was built in 1911 for Dustin Farnum.[25] Patrick purchased it from the estate of writer-producer Mark Hellinger after his death in December 1947.[26]

Marriages and children

Файл:Robert Cobb & Gail Patrick 1937.jpg
Gail Patrick with her first husband Robert H. Cobb (1937)

On December 17, 1936, Patrick married restaurateur Robert H. Cobb, owner of the Brown Derby[27] and principal owner of the Hollywood Stars baseball team.[28] An ardent baseball fan, she was called "Ma Patrick"[8] and threw out the ceremonial first pitch at the team's new Gilmore Field on May 2, 1939.[29][30] To Hollywood's surprise,[31] the Cobbs separated in October 1940[27] and were divorced in November 1941.[32]

Patrick's patriotic service during World War II included four tours of Canada promoting Victory Loans, making her the only film star to visit the entire nation from coast to coast.[33] On her return from a war bond tour, she met Lieutenant Arnold Dean White, a pilot in the U.S. Navy Naval Air Transport Service; they married on July 11, 1944.[34][35] In June 1945, she gave premature birth to twins who soon died.[1]Шаблон:Rp[36][37] She became diabetic and had to take insulin the rest of her life.[1]Шаблон:Rp She and White divorced in March 1946.[37][38]

In July 1947, Patrick married her third husband, Thomas Cornwell Jackson, head of the Los Angeles office of the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency.[39][40] She created a business designing clothing for children, and moved to a shop on Rodeo Drive[1]Шаблон:Rp that she called the Enchanted Cottage.[41] Patrick ran the shop for eight years with considerable success.[17]

Patrick divorced Jackson in 1969.[1]Шаблон:Rp They remained partners in Paisano Productions, together with Gardner's widow, daughter, and sister-in-law. When Jackson proposed reviving Perry Mason for CBS, the Paisano partners voted with him despite Patrick's opposition. She was given the title of executive consultant for the resulting series, The New Perry Mason (1973–74).[42]Шаблон:Rp A failure with critics and in the Nielsen ratings, the series ran only 15 episodes.[42]Шаблон:Rp

In 1974, she married her fourth husband, John E. Velde, Jr.; they were married until her death.[1]Шаблон:Rp

Death

On July 6, 1980, Patrick died from leukemia at the age of 69 at her Hollywood home[43] of more than 30 years. She had been treated for the disease for four years,[44] but kept her illness secret from everyone but her husband.[1]Шаблон:Rp

Awards, honors, and memorials

Patrick was twice named Los Angeles Woman of the Year by the Los Angeles Times, and she received awards from the National Association of Women Lawyers and the City of Hope National Medical Center.[19]

In 1955, Patrick returned to Howard College (now Samford University), her alma mater, for the laying of the cornerstone of its new Edgewood campus. She was presented with a citation for outstanding achievement, "in recognition of achievements in the arts, in service to her fellow man, and devotion to home and family".[45] Samford University presents the Gail Patrick Directing Award in her honor.[46]

In 1960, Patrick received the Mystery Writers of America's Raven Award for her contributions to the mystery genre as executive producer of Perry Mason.[47]

In 1962, Patrick was named the Delta Zeta Woman of the Year. A member of the sorority at Howard College, Patrick was vice president of the first board of directors of the Delta Zeta Foundation.[20] A $1 million bequest from the Gail Patrick Velde Trust established the sorority's Gail Patrick Women of Distinction Program, which provides undergraduate and graduate scholarships and the honorarium awarded to Delta Zeta alumnae designated as woman of the year, the organization's highest honor.[48]

In 1970, Patrick was appointed national honorary chairman of the American Lung Association's Christmas Seals campaign.[43] She accepted the post as "a meaningful way" to pay tribute to her Perry Mason colleagues who died of respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoking: Ray Collins, who died of emphysema; William Talman, who publicly blamed cigarettes for his lung cancer; and William Hopper, who died from pneumonia following a stroke. "I have a personal share in the untimely loss of my co-workers, for they were my friends, too," Patrick said.[49]

In 1973, Patrick became the first national chairman of the American Diabetes Association board of directors. The Gail Patrick Innovation Award is presented by the organization in her honor, to advance research toward the prevention, treatment, and cure of diabetes.[43][50]

The Gail Patrick Stage is a film soundstage that opened in 2008 at Columbia College Hollywood.[51][52] Patrick was a member of the film school's board of trustees and funded the facility through her estate.[53]

Filmography

Файл:Carole Lombard, William Powell and Gail Patrick My Man Godfrey still.jpg
Carole Lombard, William Powell and Patrick in My Man Godfrey (1936)
Файл:MyFaveWifePoster.jpg
My Favorite Wife (1940), in which Patrick used her knowledge of the law to help Leo McCarey write the judge's dialogue[54]Шаблон:Rp
Year Title Role Notes
1932 If I Had a Million Secretary Film debut[1]Шаблон:Rp[5]
1933 Шаблон:Sortname Mary Benton Foster [1]Шаблон:Rp[5]
Pick-Up Unbilled bit part [1]Шаблон:Rp
Mama Loves Papa Unbilled bit part [1]Шаблон:Rp
Murders in the Zoo Jerry Evans [5]
Шаблон:Sortname Laura Hamilton [5]
To the Last Man Ann Hayden Stanley [5]
Cradle Song Maria Lucia [5]
1934 Death Takes a Holiday Rhoda Fenton [5]
Шаблон:Sortname Helen Stanley [5]
Murder at the Vanities Sadie Evans [5]
Take the Stand Cornelia Burbank [5]
Wagon Wheels Nancy Wellington [5]
One Hour Late Mrs. Eileen Barclay [5]
1935 Rumba Patsy [5]
Mississippi Elvira Rumford [5]
Doubting Thomas Florence McCrickett [5]
No More Ladies Theresa German [5]
Smart Girl Kay Reynolds [5]
Шаблон:Sortname Nurse [5]
Wanderer of the Wasteland Ruth Virey [5]
Two-Fisted Sue Parker [5]
Шаблон:Sortname Marcia Stewart [5]
1936 Two in the Dark Irene Lassiter [5]
Шаблон:Sortname Claire Woodward [5]
Early to Bed Grace Stanton [5]
My Man Godfrey Cornelia Bullock [5]
Murder with Pictures Meg Archer [5]
White Hunter Helen Varek [5]
1937 John Meade's Woman Caroline Haig [5]
Her Husband Lies Natalie Thomas [5]
Artists and Models Helen Varek [5]
Stage Door Linda Shaw [5]
1938 Mad About Music Gwen Taylor [5]
Dangerous to Know Margaret Van Case [5]
Wives Under Suspicion Lucy Stowell [5]
King of Alcatraz Dale Borden [5]
1939 Disbarred Joan Carroll [5]
Man of Conquest Margaret Lea [5]
Grand Jury Secrets Agnes Carren [5]
Reno Jessie Gibbs [5]
Шаблон:Sortname minor role [5]
1940 Шаблон:Sortname Marilyn Thomas [5]
My Favorite Wife Bianca Bates [5][7]
Gallant Sons Clare Pendleton [5]
1941 Kathleen Lorraine Bennett [5]
Love Crazy Isobel Grayson [5]
1942 Tales of Manhattan Ellen [5]
We Were Dancing Linda Wayne [5]
1943 Quiet Please, Murder Myra Blandy [5]
Hit Parade of 1943 Toni Jarrett [5]
1944 Women in Bondage Margot Bracken [5]
Up in Mabel's Room Mabel Essington [5]
1945 Brewster's Millions Barbara Drew [5]
Twice Blessed Mary Hale [5]
1946 Шаблон:Sortname Ella Randolph [5]
Rendezvous with Annie Dolores Starr [5]
Claudia and David Julia Naughton [5]
Plainsman and the Lady Cathy Arnesen [5]
Unusual Occupations Herself "Film Tot Fairyland"[55]
1947 Calendar Girl Olivia Radford [5]
King of the Wild Horses Ellen Taggert [5]
1948 Шаблон:Sortname Audrey O'Connor [5]
Inner Sanctum Murdered wife
1951 Home Plate Host Post-game interview show following KTTV broadcasts of

Hollywood Stars baseball games at Gilmore Field, with sportswriter Braven Dyer[9][10]

1957–1966 Perry Mason TV series, Executive producer[56]
1973–1974 Шаблон:Sortname TV series, Executive consultant[42]Шаблон:Rp

Radio credits

Файл:Dinah-Shore-Gail-Patrick-CBS-1945.jpg
Dinah Shore and Patrick in the CBS Radio studio at a rehearsal for The Screen Guild Theater (1945)
Date Title Notes
May 27, 1937 Kraft Music Hall [57]
August 16, 1937 1937 Shakespeare Festival "As You Like It"[58]
January 24, 1938 Lux Radio Theatre "Clarence"[59][60]
April 18, 1938 Lux Radio Theatre "Mad About Music"[59][60]
May 9, 1938 Lux Radio Theatre "My Man Godfrey"[59][60]
January 30, 1939 Lux Radio Theatre "The Arkansas Traveler"[59]
April 24, 1939 Lux Radio Theatre "Broadway Bill"[59][61]
January 29, 1940 Lux Radio Theatre "Intermezzo"[59]
December 9, 1940 Lux Radio Theatre "My Favorite Wife"[59][62]
March 9, 1941 The Free Company "An American Crusader"[63]
April 28, 1941 Lux Radio Theatre "Wife, Husband and Friend"[59][64]
June 19, 1941 Kraft Music Hall [57]
February 23, 1942 Cavalcade of America "Arrowsmith"[65][66]
March 23, 1942 Lux Radio Theatre "The Strawberry Blonde"[59]
April 10, 1942 Lum and Abner [67]
February 8, 1943 Lux Radio Theatre "The Maltese Falcon"[59][68]
November 5, 1943 Stage Door Canteen [69]
June 1944 The Dreft Star Playhouse "Marked Woman"[70]
July 29, 1944 Visiting Hours [71]
February 4, 1945 The Harold Lloyd Comedy Theatre "My Favorite Wife"[72][73]
February 12, 1945 The Screen Guild Theater "Belle of the Yukon"[74][75][76]
October 9, 1945 This Is My Best "The Gilded Pheasant"[77]
November 12, 1945 The Screen Guild Theater "My Favorite Wife"[75][76]
November 20, 1945 This Is My Best "This Is Violet"[78]
December 16, 1946 Lux Radio Theatre "Killer Cates"[79][59][80][81]
April 24, 1947 Lum and Abner [67]
June 2, 1947 Lux Radio Theatre "The Jazz Singer"[59][82]
1947 Proudly We Hail [83]
February 23, 1948 Lux Radio Theatre "T-Men"[84]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

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