Английская Википедия:Game Theory (album)

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Шаблон:Infobox album

Game Theory is the seventh studio album by American hip hop band the Roots, released August 29, 2006, on Def Jam Recordings. The group's first release for the label after leaving Geffen Records, the album was recorded by the Roots mostly using the Apple-developed software application GarageBand.[1] A darker, grittier album with minimal emphasis on hooks in comparison to their previous work,[2][3] Game Theory features a stripped-down sound similar to the work of Public Enemy, with lyrics that concern sociological themes and the late hip hop producer J Dilla.[4][5][6]

The album debuted at number nine on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, selling 61,000 copies in its first week. It produced two singles and achieved moderate sales success. Upon its release, Game Theory received acclaim from most music critics and earned a Grammy Award nomination for Best Rap Album. To date, the album has sold over 200,000 copies in the United States.

Music

In an interview for Rolling Stone magazine, Questlove expressed his view on contemporary black music and described the concept of Game Theory, comparing it to previous works:

Шаблон:Blockquote

Described by Questlove as "very mature, serious, and very dark",[7] the album, unlike the band's previous two efforts Phrenology (2002) and The Tipping Point (2004), combines the Roots's progressive tendencies and lush, jazz influenced hip-hop into a more homogenous and cohesive recording than past efforts had shown. In what could be a salute to a fellow experimental band, The Roots sample Radiohead's "You and Whose Army?" for the track "Atonement".

The subject material for Game Theory follows the more serious tone of the album, with topics ranging from the war in Iraq to violence in music. Questlove was quoted as saying "There was too much going on that we couldn't just sit back and not speak on it."[7] In accordance with its more-serious tone, the album heavily references Public Enemy's highly-political It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back on its lead track "False Media".

Commercial performance

Game Theory debuted at number nine on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart with first week sales of 61,000 copies.[8] It also debuted at number five on BillboardШаблон:'s Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and at number four on its Top Digital Albums chart.[9][10] According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album has sold over 200,000 copies in the United States.[11]

Critical reception

Шаблон:Music ratings Game Theory received universal acclaim from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 83, based on 26 reviews.[12] AllMusic's Andy Kellman praised its musical quality and lyrical themes, writing "Spinning turbulence, paranoia, anger, and pain into some of the most exhilarating and startling music released in 2006,... Game Theory is a heavy album, the Roots' sharpest work. It's destined to become one of Def Jam's proudest, if not most popular, moments".[13] The New York Times writer Nate Chinen viewed the album's production as inconsistent, but found Black Thought's performance more focused and engaged than on previous efforts, while writing that "?uestlove infuses Шаблон:'Game TheoryШаблон:' with a hard sonic logic, so that the music often sounds as tough as the lyrics".[4] VibeШаблон:'s Thomas Golianopoulos gave it 4 out of 5 stars and called it "a masterfully crafted, sobering wake-up call".[14] Jeff Vrabel of PopMatters dubbed it "The Roots' darkest, grimiest, most unrelenting and possibly most focused effort to date".[15]

Los Angeles Times writer Oliver Wang commented that Game Theory "moves coherently as a whole and not just assemblage of spare songs".[16] Rolling StoneШаблон:'s Peter Relic viewed the album as a progression over their previous work and wrote "For every head-nodding beat (and ?uestlove brings plenty of 'em), Game Theory has a head-turning treat".[17] Will Dukes of The Village Voice called it The Roots' "most radical record to date" and commended Black Thought for his lyricism on the album, writing "Raw, emotive, and urgent as a motherfucker, his flow—on songs like opener 'False Media,' whose gangly steel snares give way to plush orchestration—is bleak and expansive and seething with wrath".[18] Robert Christgau, writing for MSN Music, felt that the album is "not hooky enough", but "strong enough to compensate" with a tone that "maintains until the J. Dilla encomium that closes."[3]

In its end-of-year list, Rolling Stone named it the eighteenth best album of 2006, calling it "classic studio Roots".[19] It was named one of the top ten albums of the year by URB.[20] The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album, ultimately losing to rapper Ludacris's Release Therapy (2006) at the 49th Grammy Awards.

In 2013, for Complex, the singer Bilal named it among his 25 favorite albums, explaining that, "It just has a real nice flow. That whole album just sounds very thought out and put together. I think Game Theory was kind of a game changer. It just seemed like everything was fluid."[21]

Track listing

Unless otherwise noted, Credits are adapted from the album's Liner Notes[22] Шаблон:Track listing Шаблон:Track listing

Sample credits

Personnel

Шаблон:Col-begin Шаблон:Col-2

  • Wadud Ahmad - additional vocals (2), spoken word voices (6)
  • Black Thought – lead rap vocals (2-13)
  • Jack Davey - additional vocals (12)
  • Davis Barnett – viola
  • Dice Raw - lead rap vocals (6-9), background vocals (6-7)
  • Robert "LB" Dorsey – recording engineer (2, 4–5, 7–9, 13)
  • Captain Kirk Douglas – guitar
  • Russell Elevado – recording engineer (2, 5–6, 8–9), audio mixing (2, 7, 9, 13), pre-mixing (drums on 5)
  • Larry Gold – string arrangements, string conductor, cello
  • Jason Goldstein – audio mixing (3-4, 6, 8, 10–13)
  • Kamal Gray – keyboards
  • Kevin Hanson – producer
  • Michael Heinzer - background vocals (7)
  • Leonard "Hub" Hubbard – bass
  • J Dilla - recording engineer (13)
  • John-John - additional lead vocals (7, 10), background vocals (7)
  • Gloria Justen – violin
  • Dave Klutch – mastering
  • Emma Kummrow – violin

Шаблон:Col-2

  • Jennie Lorenzo - cello
  • Malik B. – lead rap vocals (3, 5, 8)
  • Steve Mandel – recording engineer (1-2, 4, 7, 12–13), audio mixing (1)
  • Mercedes Martinez - background vocals (6, 10–11)
  • Khari Mateen – recording engineer (3, 10–11)
  • John McGlinchey - recording engineer (7)
  • Charles Parker – violin
  • Peedi Peedi - additional rap vocals (9)
  • Porno - additional vocals (5)
  • Rahzel - human beatbox (6)
  • The Roots – main performer
  • Bunny Sigler - vocals sung by (9)
  • Jon Smeltz – recording engineer (2-6, 8–13), audio mixing (5)
  • Igor Szwec – violin
  • Ahmir '?uestlove' Thompson – recording engineer, audio mixing (1), background vocals (7), drums
  • Frank "Knuckles" Walker – percussion
  • Maimouna Youssef - vocals sung by (4)

Шаблон:Col-end

Chart history

Шаблон:Album chartШаблон:Album chartШаблон:Album chartШаблон:Album chartШаблон:Album chartШаблон:Album chart
Chart (2006) Peak
position
Dutch Alternative Albums (Mega Alternative Top 30)[26] 11
UK Albums (OCC)[27] 76
US Billboard 200[8] 9
US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums[9] 5
US Billboard Top Rap Albums[28] 4

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:The Roots

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Faraone, Chris. "Roots Got 'Game': Hardworking ?uestlove Drums Up Support for Tour". Boston Herald: August 5, 2006. Archived from the original on 2009-12-05.
  2. ↑ Johnson, Brett. Review: Game Theory Шаблон:Webarchive. XXL. Retrieved on 2009-10-05.
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Christgau, Robert. "Consumer Guide: Game Theory". MSN Music: December 2006. Archived from the original Шаблон:Webarchive on 2009-10-05.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  5. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Rabin не указан текст
  6. ↑ Baron. Review: Game Theory. Tiny Mix Tapes. Retrieved on 2009-10-05.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Harris, Chris. Sorry, Jessica: Billboard's #1 Belongs To Bob Dylan. MTV. Retrieved on 2010-03-29.
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (9/16/2006). Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-03-29.
  10. ↑ Digital Albums (9/16/2006). Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-03-29.
  11. ↑ Chinen, Nate. The Roots Issue Tracks of Their Fears, and Defiance, on ‘Rising Down,’ Their New Album. The New York Times. Retrieved on 2010-03-29.
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Kellman не указан текст
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Wang не указан текст
  17. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Relic не указан текст
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  19. ↑ Staff. The Top 50 Albums of 2006. Rolling Stone. Retrieved on 2010-03-29.
  20. ↑ Best Albums of 2006. Metacritic. Retrieved on 2009-10-05.
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  22. ↑ The Roots. “Game Theory” (Album Notes). Def Jam Recordings. 2006.
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 Kenner, Rob. “J Dilla...The Afterlife”. Complex. 7 February 2016. http://www.complex.com/music/2016/02/j-dilla-essentials-guide-the-afterlife/
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 24,2 24,3 Ivan. “The Roots - Game Theory (The Samples)”. Hip Hop Is Read. 22 February 2008. http://www.hiphopisread.com/2008/02/roots-game-theory-samples.html?m=1
  25. ↑ “Blog 3: The Best Piece in the World, Ever”. The Contented Musician. 5 March 2014. https://thecontentedmusician.wordpress.com/2014/03/05/blog-3-the-best-piece-in-the-world-ever/
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Adaso, Henry. U.S. Rap Albums Chart - May 17, 2008. About.com. Retrieved on 2009-10-05.
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