Английская Википедия:Gamma Ursae Minoris
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Gamma Ursae Minoris (γ Ursae Minoris, abbreviated Gamma UMi, γ UMi), also named Pherkad Шаблон:IPAc-en,[1][2] is a star in the northern constellation of Ursa Minor. Together with Beta Ursae Minoris (Kochab), it forms the end of the dipper pan of the "Little Dipper", which is an asterism forming the tail of the bear. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately Шаблон:Convert from the Sun.[3]
Nomenclature
γ Ursae Minoris (Latinised to Gamma Ursae Minoris) is the star's Bayer designation. The fainter 11 Ursae Minoris has been called γ1 Ursae Minoris, in which case Gamma Ursae Minoris would be designated γ2. However this usage is rarely seen.[4]
Gamma Ursae Minoris bore the traditional name Pherkad, which derived from the Arabic فرقد farqad "calf", short for aḫfa al farkadayn "the dim one of the two calves", that is Pherkad and Kochab (the full name Ahfa al Farkadain is traditionally applied to Zeta Ursae Minoris).Шаблон:Citation needed Gamma Ursae Minoris was mostly called Pherkad Major to distinguish it from Pherkad Minor (11 Ursae Minoris). In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[5] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Pherkad for Gamma Ursae Minoris on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[2]
In Chinese, Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Lang), meaning North Pole, refers to an asterism consisting of Gamma Ursae Minoris, Beta Ursae Minoris, 5 Ursae Minoris, 4 Ursae Minoris and Σ 1694.[6] Consequently, the Chinese name for Gamma Ursae Minoris itself is Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang-en), representing Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Lang), meaning Crown Prince.[7]
Properties
Gamma Ursae Minoris has apparent magnitude +3.05[8] and can be readily observed with the naked eye even in a city-lit night sky. It has an absolute magnitude of –2.84.[9] Measurement of the star's spectrum resulted in a stellar classification of A3 Iab, with the luminosity class of 'Iab' indicating this is an intermediate luminosity supergiant star. The effective temperature of the star's outer envelope is 8,280 K,[10] giving it the typical white hue of an A-type star.[11] It is rotating rapidly, with the projected rotational velocity of Шаблон:Nowrap[12] providing a lower limit on the azimuthal velocity along the star's equator.
This is classified as a shell star that has a circumstellar disk of gas around the star's equator, which may be causing it to vary in magnitude.[13] It is 1100 times more luminous than the Sun, and possesses a radius 15 times that of the Sun.[14]
Pherkad in fiction
Шаблон:Main Pherkad (spelled as Pherkard) features in Cthulhu Mythos.
References
Шаблон:S-start Шаблон:S-bef Шаблон:S-ttl Шаблон:S-aft Шаблон:End Шаблон:Sky Шаблон:Stars of Ursa Minor
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:In lang 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, Шаблон:ISBN.
- ↑ Шаблон:In lang 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 Шаблон:Webarchive, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
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- Английская Википедия
- Ursa Minor
- Bayer objects
- Delta Scuti variables
- A-type giants
- Stars with proper names
- Flamsteed objects
- Hipparcos objects
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- Henry Draper Catalogue objects
- Durchmusterung objects
- Northern pole stars
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