Английская Википедия:Ganderbal district
Шаблон:Advert Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use Indian English Шаблон:Infobox settlement The Ganderbal district, or more formally District Ganderbal, is an administrative district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.[1] Ganderbal town is administrative headquarters of district. It was formed in 2007 and has 6 subdistricts (tehsils): Kangan, Ganderbal, Tullamulla, Wakura, Lar, and Gund.[2]
Lakes
There are many lakes within the Ganderbal district, both plain and alpine varieties. Some of the plain lakes in Ganderbal are:[3]
In addition to the plain lakes, Ganderbal is home to over 100 alpine lakes, which include:[4]
Grape Cultivation
Lar town, stands out for its grape cultivation, yielding the highest production in the entire valley. This has given Ganderbal the title of the "Grape Town of Kashmir".[5]
Historic sites and remains
Kheer Bhawani
Kheer Bhawani is a temple dedicated to the goddess Bhavani, constructed over a sacred spring in Tulmul village. The term kheer refers to rice pudding that is offered in the spring to propitiate the Goddess, which became part of the name of the temple. As is the custom with several Hindu deities.
Naranag Temple
The Naranag Temple[6] is one of the important archaeological sites of the country. The ancient pilgrimage site is a group of several temples and is situated in the Naranag village near Harmukh Mountain about Шаблон:Convert from Srinagar city. The ancient name for the place is Sodarteertha; Bhuteshwara (now But Sher, midway on the trek to Gangbal lake) and Nandikshetra (Nundkol lake area) are two other holy sites associated with it. The site consists of a cluster of temples facing each other at a distance of about Шаблон:Convert. Historians say that the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva by the eighth-century ruler Lalithdatiya Muktapid. It is believed that the King Awantivarman paid a visit and donated a pedestal for bathing at Bhutsher. Even today one gets surprised over art and skill of the builders of this temple. Its impressive architecture reveals the glorious past, the magnificent art of the eighth century. The government has only recently constructed walls to protect it from encroachments and nothing else has been done. It is now left in ruins of which only faint traces have survived.
Geography
Ganderbal district, has its district headquarters located at Шаблон:Coord in the town of Ganderbal,[7] is at an average elevation of Шаблон:Convert above mean sea level. The town is at a distance of Шаблон:Convert from Srinagar city.
The mountainous Ganderbal district is spread across the Sind River. It is the only river in Jammu and Kashmir on which three hydroelectric power stations are functional; besides that the river provides water for irrigation, 80% population[8] of the district is engaged with farming. The sand (bajri) of this river has a great value for money for its quality.
Harmukh is the highest peak in the region and Gangbal the largest alpine lake.
The district currently has six subdistricts (tehsils):[2][9]
It is further divided into nine CD blocks: Ganderbal, Wakura, Lar, Kangan, Gund, Sherpathri, Phaag, Manigam and Batwina.[9][10] Each block consists of a number of panchayats. Ganderbal District has 2 assembly constituencies: Kangan and Ganderbal.[9][11]
Demographics
Шаблон:Bar box Шаблон:Pie chart
| Ganderbal district: religion, gender ratio, and % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census.[12] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hindu | Muslim | Christian | Sikh | Buddhist | Jain | Other | Not stated | Total | |
| Total | 5,592 | 290,581 | 406 | 486 | 25 | 8 | 4 | 344 | 297,446 |
| 1.88% | 97.69% | 0.14% | 0.16% | 0.01% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.12% | 100.00% | |
| Male | 5,182 | 152,571 | 255 | 458 | 19 | 1 | 3 | 231 | 158,720 |
| Female | 410 | 138,010 | 151 | 28 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 113 | 138,726 |
| Gender ratio (% female) | 7.3% | 47.5% | 37.2% | 5.8% | 24.0% | 87.5% | 25.0% | 32.8% | 46.6% |
| Sex ratio (no. of females per 1,000 males) |
79 | 905 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 874 |
| Urban | 389 | 46,498 | 53 | 38 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 57 | 47,039 |
| Rural | 5,203 | 244,083 | 353 | 448 | 22 | 8 | 3 | 287 | 250,407 |
| % Urban | 7.0% | 16.0% | 13.1% | 7.8% | 12.0% | 0.0% | 25.0% | 16.6% | 15.8% |
At the time of the 2011 census, 68.92% of the population spoke Kashmiri, 20.21% Gojri, 3.49% Pashto, 2.61% Pahari and 1.31% Hindi as their first language. Balti and Shina are also spoken by small populations in the high mountains.[13]
Tourism
The Ganderbal district is located in valley of the Sindh River, also known as Nallah Sindh. It is rich in landscape and is often called the District of Lakes, as it possesses the highest number of lakes in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Sonamarg
Шаблон:Main This famous hill station is situated Шаблон:Convert from Srinagar and located on the banks of Sindh River at an altitude of 2,800 meters. Sonamarg also hosts the International Championships of Rafting on Sindh River. It presents a glamorous look due to its alpine meadows, snow-clad mountains, and healthy climate. Sonamarg skirts Sindh River and torrential flow of water in this river enriches its awesome beauty. Besides several hotels in private sector have come up here and these hotels provide modern facilities to their guests. A number of treks in this region also begin from Sonamarg to high altitude lakes of Vishansar, Krishansar, Gadsar and Gangabal stocked with snow trout and brown trout.
Manasbal Lake
Шаблон:Main Manasbal Lake is the main attraction for tourists in Ganderbal district, Шаблон:Convert north west of district headquarters of Ganderbal. It is Шаблон:Convert long and Шаблон:Convert wide. It is located in the Jhelum valley, north of Srinagar city in Jammu and Kashmir. The name Manasbal is said to be a derivative of the Lake Manasarovar.[14] Lake is encircled by three villages: Jarokbal, Kondabal (also called Kiln place; is situated on the north-eastern side of the lake) and Ganderbal and is stated to be the deepest lake (at Шаблон:Convert depth) in the Kashmir valley. The large growth of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) at the periphery of the lake (blooms during July and August) adds to the beauty of the clear waters of the lake. The Mughal garden, called the Garoka, (meaning bay window) built by Nur Jahan overlooks the lake.[15]
The lake is a good place for birdwatching as it is one of the largest natural stamping grounds of aquatic birds in Kashmir and has the sobriquet of "supreme gem of all Kashmir Lakes".[16][17] The rootstocks of lotus plant which grows extensively in the lake are harvested and marketed, and also eaten by the local people.[14]
The lake is approached from Srinagar by a Шаблон:Convert road via Shadipur, Nasim and Gandarbal. Road to Wular Lake, the largest lake in Kashmir, passes through this lake, via Safapur.[14]
Prang
Prang village is 12 kilometres far from the central hub (beehama) of district Ganderbal, towards the east. Srinagar-Leh National Highway (NH 1D) passes right through the middle of this village. This village falls under the jurisdiction of tehsil Kangan.Шаблон:Cn
The Prang garden used to be the picnic spot in 1990's before army came and established the base camp there. However, the army camp was later evacuated from the garden in the year 2008. This garden is situated on the banks of the famous Sindh River, and forested slopes are on the other side of the garden adding more charm to its beauty. The famous Environmental park (usually known as the "dumping park") is in the adjacent village of Prang.Шаблон:Cn
This village is considered as the main hub for its adjacent areas. The adjacent areas of this village are "Lari Prang, Check Prang, Herra Prang, Pati Prang and dragtung".Шаблон:Cn
Mohand Marg
Mohand Marg is an alpine meadow in the Lar tehsil. In summer it is a tourist destination for trekking and camping. Sir Aurel Stein was the first person to explore the place, pitching his camp in the summer of 1895.[18][19][20][21]
It is hidden in the mountains to the north of Srinagar at the foot of Haramukh Peaks about 25 kilometers from Srinagar via the Ganderbal road towards Leh. From the road it is accessed via 5 kilometer trek up a steep path through the hill-side settlements and fields of Lar and Chount Waliwar before the 'Marg' opens out across the mountain side giving views of the Sindh Valley far below in one direction and the Valley of Kashmir in the other.
Harmukh
Harmukh (also known as Mount Haramukh or Harmukh mountain) is a mountain with a peak elevation[22] of Шаблон:Convert, in Ganderbal district of Jammu and Kashmir. Harmukh is part of the Himalaya Range, and is located between Sindh River to its south and Kishanganga River to its north. It rises above the Gangabal Lake in the vicinity of Kashmir Valley.[23] It is more hazardous to reach Mount Haramukh from the east and south side of Ganderbal and has never been climbed from these sides; thus, it is mostly climbed in the north-west from the Arin Bandipore side.
Harmukh was first climbed by the Great Trigonometric Survey's Thomas Montgomerie in 1856 and made the first survey of the Karakoram some Шаблон:Convert to the south, and sketched the two most prominent peaks, labelling them K1 and K2.[24] Harmukh was later climbed by many other climbers.[25] Therefore, Harmukh is the mountain from which the world's second highest mountain peak K2 was discovered and the Serveyer's mark K2 continues to be the name.
Gangabal Lake
Шаблон:Main Gangabal Lake, also called Gangbal Lake, is a lake situated at the foothills of Mount Haramukh (one of the highest mountain peak in the vicinity of Kashmir valley)[26] in Ganderbal district, north of Srinagar city in Jammu and Kashmir in India. It is an alpine high altitude oligotrophic lake,[27] and is home to many types of fishes[28] of which one is the brown trout.[29]
The lake has a maximum length of Шаблон:Convert and maximum width of Шаблон:Convert. It is fed by precipitation, glaciers and springs. The lake water outflows to a nearby small lake (Nundkol)[30] and then via Wangath nullah[31] to Sindh River.[32] The trout fishes are present in the lake.[33] Gangabal lake is approached from Srinagar Шаблон:Convert by road via Ganderbal up to Naranag[34] and then a Шаблон:Convert track upslope.
Shallabugh Wetland
Shallabugh Wetland, situated in the Shallabugh village of Kashmir valley, is a haven of natural beauty and ecological significance. It was declared as a Ramsar Site recently. Spanning across acres of marshy terrain, this wetland plays a crucial role in maintaining environmental equilibrium. It serves as a vital habitat for numerous species of migratory birds, offering them a seasonal refuge during their journeys. The wetland's diverse flora and fauna contribute to the rich biodiversity of the region.
Villages
The villages of Ganderbal district include:
Universities and Colleges
The colleges and universities located in the District of Ganderbal include:
- Central University of Kashmir, Tullamulla
- Government Degree College, Ganderbal
- Three faculties of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir:-
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama
- Faculty of Forestry, Benhama
- Faculty of Fisheries, Rangil
References
External links
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Geographic location
Шаблон:Jammu and Kashmir topics
- ↑ The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the tertiary sources (a) through (d), reflecting due weight in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (f) through (h) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (i) below).
(a) Шаблон:Citation (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
(b) Шаблон:Citation (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
(c) Шаблон:Citation C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947";
(d) Шаблон:Citation Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute betw een India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China."
(e) Шаблон:Citation Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";
(f) Шаблон:Citation (subscription required) Quote: "... China became active in the eastern area of Kashmir in the 1950s and has controlled the northeastern part of Ladakh (the easternmost portion of the region) since 1962.";
(g) Шаблон:Citation Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million. AJK has six districts: Muzaffarabad, Mirpur, Bagh, Kodi, Rawalakot, and Poonch. Its capital is the town of Muzaffarabad. AJK has its own institutions, but its political life is heavily controlled by Pakistani authorities, especially the military), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control."
(h) Шаблон:Citation Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
(i) Шаблон:Citation Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'." - ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Citation
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Шаблон:Citation
- ↑ Statement showing the number of blocks in respect of 22 Districts of Jammu and Kashmir State including newly created districts Шаблон:Webarchive dated 2008-03-13, accessed 2012-04-24
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 14,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web Mansbal lake
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web Manasbal Lake
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journalШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ A major tributary to the Jehlum river.
- ↑ http://www.public.fotki.com/kashmir-ladakh-tourism/kashmir--ladakh/gangbal-lake-1.htmlШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
