Английская Википедия:Ganz CSMG
Шаблон:Infobox Train The Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:IPA-hu), known in official Шаблон:Lang records as Шаблон:Lang,Шаблон:Efn or sometimes known as Шаблон:Lang,Шаблон:Efn is a series of tramcars which was manufactured by Hungarian companies Шаблон:Lang ("Ganz-MÁVAG Locomotive, Carriage and Machine Factory") and Шаблон:Lang ("Ganz Electric Factory"). The Шаблон:Lang tramcars have three main variants, which are all eight axle rail motor coaches with a Bo'2'2'Bo'tr axle arrangement, the last variant being capable of operating as electric multiple units. The cars were manufactured in Budapest between 1964 and 1978, and in overall 152 regular units and two prototypes were made.
The official Шаблон:Lang designation resolves to Шаблон:Lang ("Articulated Motor Coach, Ganz"), this was changed to Шаблон:Lang in Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang records, and the semi-official Шаблон:Lang resolves to Шаблон:Lang ("Industrial Articulated"), because it was the first articulated tram design in Hungary which was produced by a regular manufacturing company instead of an in-house workshop of a transit company. The final production variant of the series is capable of controlling another unit of its type through proprietary 50-wire cables, though traction current isn't shared between units. The trams are also capable of sensing the breakup of the tramset with a proprietary system implemented along the couplers. Two prototypes, sometimes referred to as Шаблон:Lang, were made before mass production started, these cars originally had a single articulated joint instead of two, but later these were extended. The production variants Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang were unified over the years and now they are referred to as Шаблон:Lang. One damaged car was rebuilt with experimental features, and its type is referred to as Шаблон:Lang.Шаблон:Efn Partly based on the operating experiences of this car, in the 1990s 20 Шаблон:Lang cars were refurbished, their type is referred to as Шаблон:Lang. The Шаблон:Lang was intended to replace the lower capacity Шаблон:LangШаблон:Efn and obsolete, in-house Шаблон:LangШаблон:Efn Шаблон:Lang trams.
Шаблон:Lang tramcars are still in active service in Budapest, whereas – with the exception of the two prototypes – the first scrapping took place only in 2009, when the only Шаблон:Lang car was taken out of service owing to maintenance difficulties. The first tramcar entered passenger service in 1965, thus the series is now in continuous service for Шаблон:Age in years years. The series also carries the distinction of having one of the cars take Diana, Princess of Wales on a ride along the city's scenic Line 2 on the Danube's bank. Шаблон:Lang tramcars are nicknamed as Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang ("industrial articulated"), Шаблон:Lang ("Ganz articulated"), or when running in multiple unit pairs, Шаблон:Lang ("Goliath").
Design and manufacturing
The CSMG series was Ganz's, and thus the Hungarian machine industry's first foray into articulated rail vehicle production as the obsolete CSM Bengáli tramcars made by FVV's in-house Árpád Füzesi Workshop, and Ganz's own lower capacity UV series proved to be inadequate for the growing demands of Budapest's tram network. Thus two CSMG prototypes, sometimes referred to as CSMG-0, were manufactured between 1964 and 1965. These had only one articulation, but were expanded with another body section later to resemble the production variants, as they were in passenger service for some years. After the first CSMG production run however, features were scaled back, this resulted in tramcars having less comfort, but after years of repairs and refurbishments, almost all CSMG cars converged to a general set of specifications referred to as CSMG-E (Csuklós Motorkocsi, Ganz – Egységesített, "Articulated Motor Coach, Ganz – Unified").
Eventually 3 main variants of CSMG tramcars were produced, these variants are shown in the following table.
| Variant | Production years | Production numbers | Fleet numbers |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSMG-1 (CsMG.1) |
1967–1970 | 35 | 1301–1335 |
| CSMG-2 (CsMG.2) |
1970–1976 | 87 | 1336–1390, 1420–1451 (1371–1390→1400–1419) |
| CSMG-3 (CsMG.3) |
1977–1978 | 30 | 1452–1481 |
Between 1991 and 1994, a CSMG car damaged in the 1980s was rebuilt and modernized by Ganz and got the designation KCSV-5 (Korszerűsített Csuklós Villamos, 5-ös típus, "Modernized Articulated Tram, type 5"). Based on the experiences with this car, 30 CSMG cars were refurbished between 1996 and 1999, these were designated as KCSV-7 (Korszerűsített Csuklós Villamos, 7-es típus, "Modernized Articulated Tram, type 7"). These shouldn't be confused with Ganz's last articulated tram type, the similarly designated KCSV-6.
CSMG-related prototypes, refurbishments and other related vehicles are shown in the following table.
| Vehicle | Type | Production years |
Production numbers |
Fleet numbers | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSMG prototype (CSMG-0) |
articulated motor coach, prototype | 1964–1965 | 2 | 3730, 3731 |
|
| CSMG-E (Csuklós Motorkocsi, Ganz – Egységesített, "Articulated Motor Coach, Ganz – Unified") |
articulated motor coach | n.a. | refurbished CSMG cars | ||
| KCSV-5 (Korszerűsített Csuklós Villamos, 5-ös típus, "Modernized Articulated Tram, type 5") |
articulated motor coach, prototype | 1991–1994 | 1 | 1303 | rebuilt from a damaged CSMG car |
| KCSV-7 (Korszerűsített Csuklós Villamos, 7-es típus, "Modernized Articulated Tram, type 7") |
articulated motor coach | 1996–1999 | 30 | 1321, 1325-32, 1335-37, 1339, 1340, 1343-48, 1350-56, 1359, 1362, 1370[1] | refurbished CSMG cars |
| CSMG oktatókocsi ("CSMG trainer car") |
n.a. | used as training cars for tram drivers, have slanted red striping on top of the livery | |||
See also
References and notes
Шаблон:Notelist Шаблон:Reflist
