Английская Википедия:Gardenia actinocarpa

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Gardenia actinocarpa is a rare and endangered plant in the madder family Rubiaceae that grows in a very restricted area within the Wet Tropics rainforest of north-east Queensland.

Description

This species grows as an evergreen understory plant, reaching up to Шаблон:Cvt in height but flowering and fruiting once it reaches around Шаблон:Cvt. It is a spindly arborescent shrub with a stem diameter of around Шаблон:Cvt at breast height.

The leaves are opposite and chartaceous (papery) with wavy edges, glossy mid green above and paler below, and attached to the twigs with a petiole around Шаблон:Cvt long. They measure between Шаблон:Convert long and Шаблон:Convert wide, and are generally obovate in shape. They have a long attenuate (tapering) base and an extended "drip tip". Stipules are conical, up to Шаблон:Cvt long and resinous.

Flowers are terminal, solitary, actinomorphic and 6-merous, borne on pedicels between Шаблон:Convert long. The calyx tube is green, coriaceous, and has six external longitudinal ridges extending into the laterally compressed calyx lobes. The corolla is about Шаблон:Cvt in diameter, white with six elliptical petals, and a corolla tube measuring about Шаблон:Convert long.

Fruits are green, ellipsoidal, up to Шаблон:Cvt long by Шаблон:Cvt wide, glabrous, with six longitudinal ridges, and the calyx lobes remain attached at the apex. They contain a number of seeds which are up to Шаблон:Cvt diameter by Шаблон:Cvt thick.

Phenology

Flowering occurs from November to June and fruits mature from February to November. This species is dioecious (male and female flowers produced on separate plants) with little variation in size between the two sexes.

Taxonomy

Gardenia actinocarpa was described by the Australian botanist C.F. Puttock from samples collected by Geoff Tracey and Leonard Webb in 1973 from Oliver Creek, near Cape Tribulation, Queensland. Puttock's paper was published in Austrobaileya, the annual journal of the Queensland Herbarium, in 1988.

Etymology

The species epithet actinocarpa derives from Ancient Greek ἀκτίς (aktī́s), meaning "ray" and καρπός (karpós), meaning fruit. It refers to the star-shaped cross-section of the fruit.

Distribution and habitat

This rare species is found in a very restricted range, consisting of rainforested alluvial lowlands in a single watershed of the Daintree rainforest. A study published in 2001 has suggested that this is a relatively new species which is still expanding its range.

Conservation

G. actinocarpa is classified as endangered under the Australian Government's Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the Nature Conservation Act 1992 of Queensland. Threats facing the species include the potential fragmentation of its habitat, limited female fecundity (when compared with related species), rapid loss of seed viability, and geographical barriers.

Шаблон:As of, it has not been assessed by IUCN.

Gallery

• Male flower

  Male flower

• Cairns Botanic Gardens, May 2021

  Cairns Botanic Gardens, May 2021

• Developing fruit. Cairns Botanic Gardens April 2022

  Developing fruit. Cairns Botanic Gardens April 2022

• Calyx, shortly after corolla has detached

  Calyx, shortly after corolla has detached

External links

• Шаблон:Wikispecies-inline
• Шаблон:Commons-inline
• See a map of recorded sightings of Gardenia actinocarpa at the Australasian Virtual Herbarium
• See a map of recorded sightings of Gardenia actinocarpa on iNaturalist.