Английская Википедия:Gau Bayreuth
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Former Subdivision Gau Bayreuth (until June 1942, Шаблон:Lang, 'Bavarian Eastern March') was an administrative division of Nazi Germany formed by the 19 January 1933 merger of Gaue in Lower Bavaria, Upper Palatinate and Upper Franconia, Bavaria. It was in existence from 1933 to 1945.
History
The Nazi Шаблон:Lang (plural Шаблон:Lang) system was originally established in a party conference on 22 May 1926, in order to improve administration of the party structure. From 1933 onwards, after the Nazi seizure of power, the Шаблон:Lang increasingly replaced the German states as administrative subdivisions in Germany.[1]
At the head of each Gau stood a Gauleiter, a position which became increasingly more powerful, especially after the outbreak of the Second World War. Local Gauleiters were in charge of propaganda and surveillance and, from September 1944 onwards, the Volkssturm and the defence of the Gau.[1][2]
The Шаблон:Lang was formed in 1933, when Hans Schemm, the gauleiter of Шаблон:Lang, united the three Шаблон:Lang of Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang into one in an internal power struggle. The term Шаблон:Lang was coined after the First World War for the region to refer to the fact that the area now bordered the new Czechoslovakia, a country perceived as hostile to Germany. The term Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Lang-en) was historically used in Imperial Germany for border regions to hostile neighbors.[3] It was the only one of the Bavarian Шаблон:Lang to incorporate more than one Шаблон:Lang, covering three of them.
Hans Schemm led the Шаблон:Lang until his death in a plane accident in 1935; his successor, Fritz Wächtler, could not muster the same popularity with the population of the region. After the occupation of Czechoslovakia, parts of this country were incorporated in the Шаблон:Lang. The districts (Шаблон:Lang-de) of Bergreichenstein, Markt Eisenstein and Prachatitz were added to the Шаблон:Lang.[4] From 1938, the Шаблон:Lang was also home to the Flossenbürg concentration camp and its many subcamps. Because the Шаблон:Lang was not a border region any more, it was renamed Шаблон:Lang in June 1942. Wächtler was shot on orders of Hitler, having left his capital Bayreuth in April 1945. He was replaced by Ludwig Ruckdeschel, whose reign until the surrender of Nazi Germany was very brief.[5]
Gauleiter
The Gauleiter of Gau Bayreuth:[6][7]
- Hans Schemm - 19 January 1933 to 5 March 1935
- Fritz Wächtler - 5 December 1935 to 19 April 1945
- Ludwig Ruckdeschel - 19 April 1945 to 8 May 1945
Ludwig Ruckdeschel was the deputy Gauleiter from 1 February 1933 to June 1941. In this position, he led the Gau in an acting position from Hans Schemm's death to the appointment of Fritz Wächtler in 1935. After Wächtler's execution for defeatism by an SS squad in 1945, he became Gauleiter himself.
References
External links
Шаблон:Nazi Gaue Шаблон:Nazi leaders of Bavaria Шаблон:Authority control Шаблон:Coord missing
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Bayerische Ostmark, 1933-45 Шаблон:In lang Historisches Lexikon Bayerns, accessed: 27 June 2008
- ↑ Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte: Landkreis Prachatitz Шаблон:In lang accessed: 10 November 2008
- ↑ Bayerische Ostmark, 1933-45 Шаблон:In lang Historisches Lexikon Bayerns, accessed: 27 June 2008
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
