Английская Википедия:Gelsemium sempervirens

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Speciesbox

Gelsemium sempervirens is a twining vine in the family Gelsemiaceae, native to subtropical and tropical America: Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Puebla, Hidalgo),[1] and southeastern and south-central United States (from Texas to Virginia).[2] It has a number of common names including yellow jessamine or confederate jessamine or jasmine,[3][4] Carolina jasmine or jessamine,[3][4] evening trumpetflower,[4][5] gelsemium[4] and woodbine.[4]

Yellow jessamine is the state flower of South Carolina.[6]

Despite its common name, the species is not a "true jasmine" and not of the genus Jasminum.

Growth

Gelsemium sempervirens can grow to Шаблон:Convert high when given suitable climbing support in trees, with thin stems. The plant is perennial.[7] The leaves are evergreen, lanceolate, Шаблон:Convert long and Шаблон:Convert broad, and lustrous, dark green. The flowers are borne in clusters, the individual flowers yellow, sometimes with an orange center, trumpet-shaped, Шаблон:Convert long and Шаблон:Convert broad. Its flowers are strongly scented and produce nectar that attracts a range of pollinators.[1]

History

Some 19th century sources identified Gelsemium sempervirens as a folk remedy for various medical conditions.Шаблон:Citation needed

Toxicity

All parts of this plant contain the toxic strychnine-related alkaloids gelsemine and gelseminine and should not be consumed.[8] The sap may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals. Children, mistaking this flower for honeysuckle, have been poisoned by sucking the nectar from the flower.[9] The nectar is also toxic to honeybees,[10] which may cause brood death when gathered by the bees. The nectar may, however, be beneficial to bumblebees. It has been shown that bumblebees fed on gelsemine have a reduced load of Crithidia bombi in their fecal matter after 7 days, although this difference was not significant after 10 days. Reduced parasite load increases foraging efficiency, and pollinators may selectively collect otherwise toxic secondary metabolites as a means of self-medication.[11]

The plant can be lethal to livestock.[12]

Cultivation

Despite the hazards, this is a popular garden plant in warmer areas, frequently being trained to grow over arbors or to cover walls. In the UK, it has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[13] It can be grown outdoors in mild and coastal areas of the UK (to a lower limit of Шаблон:Convert), but elsewhere must be grown under glass. It requires a sheltered position in full sun or light shade.[13]

Gallery

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

Шаблон:Commons

Шаблон:US state flowers Шаблон:Taxonbar

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ornduff, R. 1970. The systematics and breeding system of Gelsemium (Loganiceae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 51(1): 1–17 includes description, drawings, distribution map, etc.
  2. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 Шаблон:GRIN
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:PLANTS
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Anthony Knight and Richard Walter. 2001. A Guide to Plant Poisoning of Animals in North America.
  10. ↑ [1] "Nectar Gardening for Butterflies, Honey Bees and Native Bees", Retrieved 2012-08-02
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Шаблон:Cite web
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Gelsemium_sempervirens&oldid=14873058