Английская Википедия:Geography of Nunavut

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The Canadian territory of Nunavut covers about 1.9 million square kilometres (733,594 sq. miles) of land and water including part of the mainland, most of the Arctic islands, and all of the islands in Hudson Bay, James Bay, and Ungava Bay (including the Belcher Islands) which belonged to the Northwest Territories. This makes it the fifth largest country subdivision in the world. If Nunavut were a country, it would rank 13th in area, after the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nunavut has land borders with Manitoba, the Northwest Territories on several islands as well as the mainland, and a tiny land border with Newfoundland and Labrador on Killiniq Island.

Physical geography

Файл:Nu-map.png

Nunavut

The mountains on the easternmost coasts of Nunavut are part of the Arctic Cordillera which stretches from northernmost Ellesmere Island to the northernmost tip of Labrador. The highest point is Barbeau Peak which offers some of the world's most spectacular scenery.

Geologically, Nunavut lies on the Canadian Shield, with very thin soil lying on top of the bedrock, and many bare outcrops. The multitude of rivers and lakes in the entire region is caused by the watersheds of the area being so young and in a state of sorting themselves out with the added effect of post-glacial rebound. Virtually all of Nunavut's rivers drain into the Hudson Bay or the Arctic Ocean.

Arctic tundra (Köppen climate classification ET) covers virtually all of Nunavut, the only exceptions being the area roughly between the Four Corners and Ennadai and Nueltin Lakes, where a marginal taiga forest exists, and small zones of permanent ice caps, found on some of the larger Arctic Islands (especially Baffin, Devon and Ellesmere) at sites having a relatively high elevation. Nunavut's vegetation is partially composed of rare berries, lichens, Arctic Willows, moss, tough grass, and small willow shrubs.

Climate and climate data

Файл:Nunavut Köppen.svg

Köppen climate types in Nunavut

Nunavut experiences a polar climate in most regions, owing to its high latitude and lower continental summertime influence than areas to the west. In more southerly continental areas, very cold subarctic climates can be found, due to July being slightly milder than the required Шаблон:Convert.

Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected locations in Nunavut

City	July (°C)		July (°F)		January (°C)		January (°F)
	High	Low	High	Low	High	Low	High	Low
Alert	6	1	43	33	−29	−36	−20	−33
Baker Lake	17	6	63	43	−28	−35	−18	−31
Cambridge Bay	13	5	55	41	−29	−35	−19	−32
Eureka	9	3	49	37	−33	−40	−27	−40
Iqaluit	12	4	54	39	−23	−31	−9	−24
Kugluktuk	16	6	60	43	−23	−31	−10	−25
Rankin Inlet	15	6	59	43	−27	−34	−17	−30

• Notes:

Demographics

Шаблон:As of, Nunavut has a population of approximately 34,000. In 2006 around 84% of the population were native peoples, primarily Inuit. Nunavut's small and sparse population makes it unlikely the territory will be granted provincial status in the foreseeable future, although this may change if the Yukon, which is only marginally more populous, becomes a province.

10 Largest communities

Municipality	2001	1999
Iqaluit	5,236	4,220
Rankin Inlet	2,177	2,058
Arviat	1,899	1,559
Baker Lake	1,507	1,385
Cambridge Bay	1,309	1,351
Igloolik	1,286	1,174
Pangnirtung	1,276	1,243
Pond Inlet	1,220	1,154
Kugluktuk	1,212	1,201
Cape Dorset	1,148	1,118

Gallery

• A glacier on southern Axel Heiberg Island

  A glacier on southern
  Axel Heiberg Island

• Flora near Grise Fiord

  Flora near Grise Fiord

• Beechey Island harbour

  Beechey Island harbour

• Rapids above Bloody Falls, Kugluk Territorial Park

  Rapids above Bloody Falls, Kugluk Territorial Park

• Katannilik Territorial Park

  Katannilik Territorial Park

• Bellot Strait, that separates Somerset Island from Boothia Peninsula

  Bellot Strait, that separates Somerset Island from
  Boothia Peninsula