Английская Википедия:George, Bishop of the Arabs

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Шаблон:Short description George (Syriac Giwargi; died 724) was the Syriac Orthodox bishop of the Arabs around Aleppo and the upper Euphrates from 686 or 687 until his death. A polymath steeped in ancient Greek philosophy, his writings are an important source for Syriac history and theology.

George was born in the vicinity of Antioch around 640Шаблон:Sfn or 660.Шаблон:Sfn His native language was Syriac, but he learned Greek and perhaps Arabic.Шаблон:Sfn He began his education as a small child with a periodeut named Gabriel.Шаблон:Sfn He became associated with the monastery of Qenneshre, where he studied under Severus Sebokht and may have acquired Greek.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He was a disciple of Patriarch Athanasius II of Antioch and a personal friend of Jacob of Edessa and John of Litharb.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Shortly before his death, Athanasius ordered Bishop Sargis Zakunoyo to ordain George as bishop of the ArabШаблон:Efn nations.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn This took place in November 686Шаблон:Sfn or 687.Шаблон:Sfn The nations or tribesШаблон:Efn that George served as bishop were the Tanukāyē, Ṭūʿāyē and ʿAqulāyē. They were generally bilingual in Syriac and Arabic.Шаблон:Sfn The heartlands of these tribes and thus George's diocese lay in northern Syria and Upper Mesopotamia.[1] His seat was at ʿAqula.Шаблон:Sfn He died in 724.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn

George wrote on a variety of topics, but his most important works are his translations of Aristotle from Greek into Syriac.Шаблон:Sfn He translated—or revised earlier translations ofШаблон:Sfn—the Categories, On Interpretation and the first two books of the Prior Analytics, adding original introductions to each.Шаблон:Sfn He completed the seventh and final book of Jacob of Edessa's encyclopaedic Hexaemeron, a treatise on the six days of Creation, after Jacob's death in 708.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He also wrote a commentary on the West Syriac liturgy for baptism and communion, and scholia (explanatory notes) to the orations of Gregory of Nazianzus.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Among the poems attributed to him are a sermon on the life of Severus of Antioch and treatises on the monastic life, Palm Sunday, the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste and funeral services for bishops. The poem Myron has been attributed to him, but also to Jacob of Serug.Шаблон:Sfn Eleven of George's letters are preserved.Шаблон:Sfn They deal with matters of philosophy, astronomy, theology, literary criticism, liturgy and asceticism.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn They are an important source for the early development of Islamic kalām (philosophical theology).Шаблон:Sfn The nomocanon of Bar Hebraeus attributes to George the ruling that "a priest or a deacon who gives the Eucharist to the heretics shall be deposed".Шаблон:Sfn

George was celebrated as a saint by the Maronites, who kept his feast on Saint George's Day (23 April). The Syriac Orthodox patriarch Ignatius Aphrem I gave him the honorific mar, but there is no record of his being treated as a saint otherwise.Шаблон:Sfn

Editions of works

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Notes

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Bibliography

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Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb: "Syro-occidental Bishop of the Arab tribes of the Euphrates"; Шаблон:Harvnb: "Noted polymath and bishop for the Arab tribes in the area of Aleppo"; Шаблон:Harvnb: "bishop of the Arab nomads in Mesopotamia".
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