Английская Википедия:George Fleetwood (regicide)

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Infobox noble house

George Fleetwood (1623–1672) was an English major-general and one of the regicides of King Charles I of England.[1]

Fleetwood was one of the commissioners for the trial of Charles I, 1648–9; member of last Commonwealth Council of State and M.P. for Buckinghamshire, 1653; for Buckingham, 1654; member of Cromwell's Upper House, 1657; joined General George Monck, 1660, and though condemned to death at the Restoration, was never executed.[2]

His abandoned second wife, Hester Fleetwood, went on to compile a book of recipes.[3]

Biography

Файл:GeorgeFleetwood.jpg
George Fleetwood

George Fleetwood was the grandson of Sir George Fleetwood (died December 1620), and the son of Charles Fleetwood (died 1628) and inherited the family estate of the Vache, near Chalfont St Giles in Buckinghamshire, on the death of his father.[4][nb 1]

In Mercunrius Aulicua, 7 December 1643, it is stated that "Young Fleetwood of The Vache" had raised a troop of dragoons for the parliament, to defend the Chiltern parts of Buckinghamshire; and in an ordinance of 27 June 1644 the name of Fleetwood appears in the list of the Buckinghamshire committee.[5]

Fleetwood entered the Long Parliament in July 1647 as member for Buckinghamshire.[6] In 1648 he was appointed one of the commissioners for the trial of the king, attended two sittings of the court, and was present also when sentence was pronounced, and signed the death-warrant.[7]

In 1649 and 1650 Fleetwood was colonel of the Buckinghamshire militia, and was chosen a member of the eighth and last council of state of the Commonwealth from 1 November to 10 December 1653.[8] He was a widower with two children when he married Hester Fleetwood (born Smyth) in 1651 or 1652. At least two of their five children died young leaving two daughters and a son named Robert.[3]

He represented the county of Buckingham in the assembly of 1653, and the town in the parliament of 1654[9] Cromwell knighted him in the autumn of 1656, and summoned him to Cromwell's Upper House in December 1657.[10]

On the occasion of Sir George Booth's rising parliament authorised Fleetwood to raise a "troop of well-affected volunteers".[11] He refused to assist John Lambert against George Monck, opposed the oath of abjuration in parliament, was entrusted with the command of a regiment by Monck in the spring of 1660, and proclaimed Charles II at York on 11 May 1660.[12]

Файл:Chalfont St Giles, The Vache - geograph.org.uk - 2430003.jpg
The Vache, Buckinghamshire

When the regicides were summoned to surrender he gave himself up on 16 June 1660, but was excepted from the Act of Indemnity.[13] At his trial (October 1660) Fleetwood pleaded guilty, was sentenced to death, and said, weeping, that he had confessed the fact, and wished he could express his sorrow.[14]

A saving clause in the Act of Indemnity suspended the execution of those who claimed the benefit of the king's proclamation, unless their conviction was followed by a special act of parliament for their execution. Fleetwood accordingly petitioned parliament, stating that his name was inserted in the list of commissioners without his knowledge and against his will, and that his signature to the warrant was extorted by Cromwell, "whose power, commands, and threats (he being then young) frighted him into court". He produced certificates from Monck and Ashley of his services in forwarding the Restoration, enlarged on his early and continued repentance, and begged "to be represented to his majesty as a fit object of his royal clemency and mercy to hold his life merely by his princely grace".[12] His life was spared, but his estate of The Vache confiscated[3] and given to the Duke of York.[15]

Sources are unclear what happened to Fleetwood from 1664.[4] In 1664 a warrant was issued for Fleetwood's transportation to Tangiers, but it may have been suspended at the solicitation of his wife.[16] According to Noble he was finally released and went to America.[17] However, it seems clear from his death notice in the London Gazette of 9–13 January 1672 that he in fact died in Tangiers on 17 November 1672 [17].

Notes

Footnotes

Шаблон:Reflist

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

  • The London Gazette, Published by Authority. Number 746, from Thursday 9 January to Sunday 13 January 1672.

References

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ David Plant,George Fleetwood, Regicide, bap.1623, the British Civil Wars and Commonwealth website
  2. ↑ Lee, Sidney (1903), Dictionary of National Biography Index and Epitome p. 444.
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Christopher Durston, "Fleetwood, George, appointed Lord Fleetwood under the protectorate (bap. 1623, d. in or after 1664)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 16 November 2009
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Husband, Ordinance, 1646, p. 54.
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Names of Members Returned to Serve in Parliament, i 485.
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb: Nalson, Trial of Charles I.
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Cal State Papers, Dom. 1653-4, p. xxxvi.
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Old Parliamentary History, xx. 176, 297.
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Perfect Politician, ed. 1680, p. 293 ; Old Parliamentary History , xxi. 168.
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1669–60, pp. 125, 606.
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Hist. MSS. Comm. 7th Rep. p. 159.
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Kennett, Register, pp. 181, 240.
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites: Trial of the Regicides, pp. 28, 276.
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb.
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cites:Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1663–4, p. 636.
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Cite: NobleLives of the regicides, i. 246.


Ошибка цитирования Для существующих тегов <ref> группы «nb» не найдено соответствующего тега <references group="nb"/>

Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:George_Fleetwood_(regicide)&oldid=14894105