Английская Википедия:George Hastings, 8th Earl of Huntingdon

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military person George Hastings, 8th Earl of Huntingdon (22 March 1677 – 22 February 1705) was the son of Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon and his first wife Elizabeth Lewis; he succeeded his father in 1701.

He served briefly in the War of the Spanish Succession but left the army in 1703 and spent the next two years travelling in Europe. He returned to London, where he died of fever on 22 February 1705.

Life

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Hastings' father Theophilus, 7th Earl of Huntingdon

George Hastings was born in March 1677, son of Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon (1650–1701) and his first wife, Elizabeth Lewis (died 1688). His mother was the co-heiress of Sir John Lewis, a wealthy merchant who owned Ledston Hall, in West Yorkshire.

They had nine children, but only George and his sister Elizabeth (1682-1739) survived into adulthood. The two remained close friends until his death; in 1935, a collection of their letters was published by his distant ancestor, George Hastings Wheler. Elizabeth was an intelligent and energetic woman, who became a noted philanthropist and supporter of women's education.Шаблон:Sfn

Two years after Elizabeth Lewis died in 1688, the Earl married Mary Fowler (1664–1723), widow of Thomas Needham, 6th Viscount Kilmorey (1659-1687). They had two sons and four daughters; Ann (1691-1755), Catherine (1692-1739), Frances (1693-1750), Theophilus, 9th Earl of Huntingdon (1696-1746), Margaret (1699-1768) and Ferdinando (1699-1726).

Hastings succeeded as Earl when his father died in May 1701 but never married and the title passed to his half-brother Theophilus after his death in February 1705. He left an illegitimate son named Henry in Utrecht, who was brought up by Elizabeth and is thought to be the Henry Hastings who was treasurer of the Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge in 1747.Шаблон:Sfn

Career

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His sister Lady Elizabeth Hastings (1682-1739)

Hastings was initially sent to Eton College, but was so unhappy there, his father removed him.Шаблон:Sfn Thereafter, he was educated at Maidwell's School, a fashionable academy for members of the nobility, near modern-day Carnaby Street, London. He subsequently attended Wadham College, Oxford.Шаблон:Sfn

The 7th Earl was closely associated with James II and lost his offices after the November 1688 Glorious Revolution. Arrested during the Jacobite invasion scare of 1692, he was released without charge but was one of only five peers to vote against the 1701 Act of Settlement. He and George fought a long-running legal dispute over Elizabeth Lewis' estate, which was not resolved until 1703.Шаблон:Sfn

In December 1688, his father was removed as colonel of the 13th Foot and replaced by his cousin Ferdinand Hastings, who was dismissed for extortion in 1695. Despite this unpromising background, Hastings was appointed captain in the First Foot Guards, shortly before the Nine Years War ended in 1697.Шаблон:Sfn By 1699, he was a Lieutenant-Colonel and succeeded his father as Earl of Huntingdon in May 1701. He carried the Sceptre at the coronation of Queen Anne in April 1702; his half-brother Theophilus performed the same office when George I was crowned in 1714.Шаблон:Sfn

A close friend was his distant relative, James Stanhope (1673-1721), who led the Whig government from 1717 until his death in 1721. His father Alexander was a senior diplomat from a junior and less wealthy branch of the Earls of Chesterfield; in 1702, Hastings is thought to have provided James an annuity of £400 per year.Шаблон:Sfn Other friends included the Brudenell brothers, George, 3rd Earl of Cardigan and his younger brother James, who both had reputations for wild living.Шаблон:Sfn

When the army was expanded with the outbreak of the War of the Spanish Succession in 1701, Hastings was appointed Colonel of Huntingdon's, later 33rd Foot. This was posted to the Low Countries, where he was badly wounded in the June 1702 assault on Kaiserswerth. After the army went into winter quarters, he resigned and transferred his regiment to Henry Leigh.Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg

His friend and distant relative James Stanhope (1673-1721)

In early 1703, he travelled to Utrecht where he met the German orientalist, Heinrich Sieke, or Henry Sike (1669-1712).Шаблон:Sfn Hastings engaged Sike to accompany him to Constantinople, intending to study Arabic; they reached Vienna in May 1703, but decided against going further, as the plague was raging there. Instead, they went to Rome in January 1704.Шаблон:Sfn

Here Hastings met the Brudenells, who were in Italy from 1703 to 1706, and the Duke of Shrewsbury, a former Secretary of State, who left England in 1700 pleading ill-health. In April 1704, Shrewsbury recommended him to Richard Hill, British envoy in Turin, writing "he is a young man, extreme studious and of good parts...he was weary of the service (army), I know not why...(but) his qualities will be of assistance to you in Turin".Шаблон:Sfn Hill's correspondence indicates Hastings arrived there in May, but decided to return to the army in September 1704.Шаблон:Sfn

However, he changed his mind, writing to Elizabeth in October of his intention to 'live quietly at home...without a wife.'Шаблон:Sfn He and Sike returned to London, where he died suddenly on 22 February 1705; Elizabeth paid for an elaborate memorial at St James' Church, Piccadilly, which can still be found in the east gallery, south side.Шаблон:Sfn After the church suffered bomb damage during World War II, the memorial was apparently reassembled incorrectly.Шаблон:Sfn

Sources

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite journal
• Шаблон:Cite ODNB
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite journal
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

External links

• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite web