Английская Википедия:Georges Fournier (Jesuit)
Georges Fournier (31 August 1595 – 13 April 1652) was a French Jesuit priest, geographer and mathematician.
Biography
Fournier served as a naval military chaplain on a ship of the line,[1] and acquired a strong knowledge of technical and naval matters.
In 1642, he published the treaty Hydrographie, where he attempted to provide a scientific foundation to the design of ships.[2][3] At the time, results like Couronne or HMS Sovereign of the Seas were obtained by empirical trials and errors.
He also authored a Treaty of fortifications or military architecture, drawn from the most estimated places of our times, for fortifications,[4] whose original edition was published in Paris in 1649 by Jean Hénault at the Salle Dauphine of l'ange gardien. Another edition was published in 1668 in Mayence by Louis Bourgeat.[5]
Georges Fournier taught René Descartes.
Works
In 1642, Fournier published his Commentaires géographiques.[6] The following year he published in Paris the work which will give him the essential part of his celebrity: the Hydrographie contenant la théorie et la pratique de toutes les parties de la navigation.[7] Resolutely scientific,[3] it is the first French maritime encyclopedia.[8] Dedicated to Louis XIII, it was reprinted many times (1667, 1679, 1973). Geographer, astronomer, hydrographer, mathematician, Fournier took an interest in everything: winds and tides, ports, fishing, maritime trade, shipbuilding, the conduct of officers and the art of command.[8] The Hydrographie was therefore a first-rate source for the history of the navy during the first half of the seventeenth century, which explains the "magnificent re-edition" of this work in 1973 (Etienne Taillemite).[6] Georges Fournier also published in 1643 a Traité de la sphere[8] and in 1644 a Traité de géométrie.[6] His Traité des fortifications ou Architecture militaire (published in Paris in 1649 [9]) was translated into Dutch, Spanish and German.[4] His works on Euclidean geometry (Paris, 1644 and 1654) were translated into English, and gave rise to three successive editions.[8] In 1656, posthumously appeared his Asiae nova descriptio (New Description of Asia).[8] The book was made in collaboration with several jesuit missionaries.[8]
Notes and references
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite book BNF 304555507
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Notice d'autorité de la Bibliothèque nationale de France.
- ↑ Acessible en ligne sur le site European Cultural Heritage Online
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Bertrand Gille, Histoire des techniques.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Voir bibliographie et traité en ligne sur le site Architectura du Centre d'études supérieures de la Renaissance à Tours.
- ↑ Bibliothèque municipale de Mayence, collection Rara III i 30 ba.
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Шаблон:Harvsp.
- ↑ Accessible en ligne sur le site European Cultural Heritage Online
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 8,5 Michel Vergé-Franceschi, dans Шаблон:Harvsp.
- ↑ La deuxième édition est accessible en ligne.
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- 1595 births
- 1652 deaths
- 17th-century French Jesuits
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- 17th-century French scientists
- French hydrologists
- French mathematicians
- French Navy chaplains
- French military chaplains
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