Английская Википедия:Gerald Stanley Lee
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox person/Wikidata Шаблон:Use mdy datesШаблон:Use American English Gerald Stanley Lee (October 4, 1862Шаблон:SndApril 3, 1944) was an American writer and minister. He began his career as a clergyman in New England and the Midwest, becoming a full-time writer in 1896. Lee's writing focused on contemporary cultural developments such as the rise of mass media and technology.
Early life and education
Gerald Stanley Lee was born on October 4, 1862, in Brockton, Massachusetts.[1][2] He attended Oberlin College, Middlebury College (graduating in 1885),[3] and Yale Divinity School.Шаблон:Sfn
Career
Until 1896, Lee worked as a minister in New England and Minnesota.Шаблон:Sfn After 1896, he was a full-time writer.Шаблон:Sfn His first book, The Shadow Christ, was published that year.Шаблон:Sfn According to critic Ryan Jay Friedman, Lee's writing in the 1910s argued that Christian education was similar to mass media including advertising, in that both attempted to persuade people to "choose a particular 'good'".Шаблон:Sfn
Jo-Anne Pemberton compares Lee's The Voice of the Machines: An Introduction to the Twentieth Century (1906) with the works of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and futurism.[4]
Crowds: A Moving-Picture of Democracy (1913) argues that media can be used to develop a more cohesive polity.Шаблон:Sfn When Crowds was released in 1913, Lee wrote in a letter to Theodore Roosevelt that he hoped that it would be "the text-book of the Progressive Movement".Шаблон:Sfn According to Russ Castronovo, who calls Crowds a "crazy sort of book", the book argues for modern mass media as tools for democracy because they prioritize the present and thereby fuel modernization.[5]
Lee opposed U.S. entry into World War I, writing essays and editorials characterizing the war as a clumsy effort of the nations involved to communicate their desires and one that could be settled without any U.S. intervention. This drew a harsh rebuke from G. K. Chesterton, who criticized Lee for imagining that the war then underway could be ended by mere discussion and for treating the warring forces as if they were on equal moral footing.[6]
Lee was "a frequent contributor of reviews to the Critic and other periodicals and wrote books on religion, modern culture, and physical fitness".[7] He published a magazine called Mount Tom in Northampton, Massachusetts.[8]
According to Leonidas Warren Payne Jr., Lee was "a milder, saner sort of twentieth-century Carlyle, interpreting human nature in new terms for the new age".[9]
Personal life
Lee married Jennette Barbour Perry in 1896.[3] A 1909 profile of Gerald and Jennette described him as a "dreamer", "philosopher", and "wit" who had yet to "come into his own".[10] He died on April 3, 1944, in Northampton.[11]
Bibliography
- The Shadow Christ (1896)
- The Lost Art of Reading (1902)
- The Voice of the Machines (1906)
- The Child and the Book (1907)
- Inspired Millionaires (1908)[12]
- Crowds: A Moving-Picture of Democracy (1913)
- We: A Confession of Faith for the American People During and After War (1916)
- The Air-Line to Liberty (1918)
- The Ghost in the White House (1920)
- Invisible Exercise; Seven Studies in Self Command With Practical Suggestions and Drills (1922)
- Heathen Rage (1931)
- Mount Tom (magazine) (1905–1917)
References
Sources
External links
- Английская Википедия
- 1862 births
- 1944 deaths
- American Congregationalist ministers
- American male essayists
- Middlebury College alumni
- Oberlin College alumni
- People from Brockton, Massachusetts
- Yale Divinity School alumni
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- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
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- Статья из Английской Википедии
