Английская Википедия:German FK cruiser designs
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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewThe German Imperial Navy (Шаблон:Lang) created a series of fleet cruiser designs—designated Шаблон:Lang—in 1916 to follow the Шаблон:Sclasss ordered in 1915. They were initially intended to favor high speed for reconnaissance over the heavier gun armament of the Шаблон:Lang class, though by the final iterations, they were as powerful as the earlier class. The design staff ultimately drew up five different designs: FK 1, FK 1a, FK 2, FK 3, and FK 4. The proposals ranged in size from Шаблон:Convert to Шаблон:Convert designed displacement and were armed with a main battery of between five and eight Шаблон:Convert guns. Each proposed design grew in size over the preceding draft, as the weaponry and propulsion systems were increased. None of the designs were built, owing to shifting construction priorities in the German Navy in the last year of World War I.
FK 1 and FK 1a
Шаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsBy 1916, thirteen German light cruisers had been lost in the course of World War I. To replace them, the Шаблон:Lang ordered ten new cruisers of the Шаблон:Sclass.Шаблон:Sfn The next design, under the provisional name FK 1, or Шаблон:Lang (Fleet cruiser), was prepared in 1916. The design, which emphasized the reconnaissance role and high speed over combat power, was based on the British Шаблон:Sclass2s at the request of Kaiser Wilhelm II. A modified design, named FK 1a, was a slightly larger vessel.Шаблон:Sfn
FK 1 was Шаблон:Convert long at the waterline and Шаблон:Convert long overall. The design had a beam of Шаблон:Convert; its forward draft was Шаблон:Convert and the aft draft was Шаблон:Convert. The ship would have had a double bottom of approximately 52 percent of the length of the hull, and fifteen watertight compartments. The hull was constructed with longitudinal steel frames. As designed, the ship would have had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert, with a full load combat displacement of Шаблон:Convert. The modified FK 1a was slightly larger, at Шаблон:Convert long at the waterline and Шаблон:Convert long overall. The modified design had a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a draft of Шаблон:Convert. The ship's hull would have been constructed as in FK 1, with the same number of watertight compartments and extent of double bottom. As designed, the ship would have had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert, with a full load combat displacement of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
Both designs would have been powered by two sets of Marine-type steam turbines that each drove a three-bladed screw Шаблон:Convert wide in diameter. FK 1 would have been equipped with five Marine-type oil-fired watertube boilers, while FK 1a would have had improved double-ended models. The propulsion system of FK 1 was rated at a maximum of Шаблон:Convert for a top speed of Шаблон:Convert. The improved engines of FK 1a were rated at Шаблон:Convert and a maximum speed of Шаблон:Convert. The designs carried up to Шаблон:Convert and Шаблон:Convert of fuel oil, respectively, which permitted a cruising radius of Шаблон:Convert at a speed of Шаблон:Convert. Both designs were equipped with three diesel generators that produced Шаблон:Convert at 220 volts. Steering was controlled by a single rudder.Шаблон:Sfn
The armament of both designs consisted of five 15 cm SK L/45 guns in single mounts, one forward, two abreast of the conning tower, and two in a superfiring pair aft of the rear superstructure.Шаблон:Sfn The 15 cm gun fired a Шаблон:Convert shells at a muzzle velocity of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn FK 1 and FK 1a were supplied with 500 and 650 shells for their main batteries, respectively. The guns had a range of Шаблон:Convert. Both designs were equipped with a pair of 8.8 cm SK L/45 anti-aircraft guns, mounted on the centerline amidships. The guns were equipped with 100 rounds of ammunition each.Шаблон:Sfn These guns fired a Шаблон:Convert shells.Шаблон:Sfn Both ships would have carried four Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes mounted on the deck in swivel launchers. FK 1a was also equipped with 100 mines. Both designs called for a crew of 15 officers and 342 enlisted men.Шаблон:Sfn
FK 2, FK 3, and FK 4
Шаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsOver the course of the design process that continued through 1916, the size of the projected cruisers increased as the navy added new design requirements. This resulted in the FK 2 design. The length increased to Шаблон:Convert overall and Шаблон:Convert at the waterline. Their beam increased to Шаблон:Convert, as did their draft, to Шаблон:Convert. Their displacement correspondingly rose to Шаблон:Convert at normal load and Шаблон:Convert at combat load, significantly greater than the original design. The FK 2 design was armed with five 15 cm SK L/45 guns and two 8.8 cm SK L/45 anti-aircraft guns. It was to carry the same 60 cm torpedo tubes in twin mounts as the earlier designs. The design retained the same propulsion system as the earlier designs, but with an improved engine type and an additional boiler, which produced an estimated Шаблон:Convert for a top speed of 32 knots. Range was to have been 2,800 miles at 17 knots, as in the original design.Шаблон:Sfn
The next iteration, FK 3, brought even more increases. Displacement rose to Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert full load, double that of the original FK design. Length was Шаблон:Convert at the waterline and Шаблон:Convert overall, and the beam was Шаблон:Convert. The armament was also augmented by an additional two 15 cm and 1 8.8 cm gun. Since the size of the ship had increased, a more powerful propulsion system was necessary; a third set of turbines was added, and the number of boilers was increased to thirteen. This produced Шаблон:Convert, for the same speed and range figures as in the previous designs.Шаблон:Sfn
The final design, FK 4, was larger still. The standard displacement was Шаблон:Convert, and at combat load, this rose to Шаблон:Convert. The projected cruiser would have been Шаблон:Convert long at the waterline, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a draft of Шаблон:Convert. The armament was increased again, with an additional 15 cm gun. The ship's propulsion system would have included six coal-fired boilers and nine oil-fired models.Шаблон:Sfn
Ultimately, none of these designs were ever built, much like other late-war German warship designs, such as the L 20e α-type battleships and the Шаблон:Sclasss. The German shipbuilding effort largely abandoned surface warship construction and instead focused on U-boat construction in the final years of the war.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
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