Английская Википедия:German submarine U-105 (1940)

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German submarine U-105 was a Type IXB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. She was ordered on 24 May 1938 as part of Germany's naval rearmament program. Her keel was laid down in Bremen on 16 November 1938. After roughly seven months of construction, she was launched on 15 June 1940 and formally commissioned into the Kriegsmarine on 10 September 1940.

During her three-year career, U-105 sank 23 vessels for a total loss of Шаблон:GRT and 1,546 tons before being sunk by the Free French Forces off the coast of Dakar (Senegal) on 2 June 1943.

Construction and design

Construction

Шаблон:Main U-105 was ordered by Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine on 24 May 1938; her keel was laid down on 16 November 1938 by DeSchiMAG AG Weser in Bremen as yard number 968. She was launched on 15 June 1940 and commissioned on 10 September under the command of Kapitänleutnant Georg Schewe.[1]

Design

German Type IXB submarines were slightly larger than the original German Type IX submarines, later designated IXA. U-105 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged.Шаблон:Sfn The U-boat had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-105 was fitted with six Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert SK C/32 naval gun]], 180 rounds, and a [[3.7 cm SK C/30|Шаблон:Convert SK C/30]] as well as a [[2 cm FlaK 30|Шаблон:Convert C/30]] anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.Шаблон:Sfn

Service history

Under the command of Kapitänleutnant Georg Schewe, U-105 left Kiel on 24 December 1940. She spent 39 days in the North Sea. During this patrol, she sank the British ship Bassano on 9 January 1941,Шаблон:Sfn and Lurigethan, part of Convoy SL-61, on 26 January 1941, totalling Шаблон:GRT. Five days later, on 31 January, U-105 arrived at the German-occupied port of Lorient, France,[2] which would remain her home port for the rest of her career.[3]

1941

U-105 left Lorient on her second patrol on 22 February 1941 and underwent a 112-day voyage in the Atlantic Ocean. Along with Шаблон:GS, she was directed by the Oberkommando der Marine (Supreme naval headquarters), to attack Convoy SL-67.[4] During this attack, U-105 sank the merchant ship Harmodius,Шаблон:Sfn on 8 March.Шаблон:Sfn Collectively, the two U-boats sank a total of 28,148 tons.[4] U105 then stalked Convoy SL-68, sinking Medjerda Шаблон:Sfn on 18 March,Шаблон:Sfn Mandalika on 19 March Шаблон:Sfn and Clan Ogilvy,Шаблон:Sfn BenwyvisШаблон:Sfn and Jhelum, Шаблон:Sfn all on the 21st. U-105 went on to score Nazi Germany's first kill off the coast of South America when she sank Ena de LarrinagaШаблон:Sfn on 5 April 1941.[5]Шаблон:Sfn Later during the patrol she sank Oakdene, part of Convoy OG-59. On 6 May,[5] Benvrackie,Шаблон:Sfn part of Convoy OB 312; on the 13th,Шаблон:Sfn BenvenueШаблон:Sfn part of Convoy OB 314 and on the 15th,Шаблон:Sfn Rodney Star on 16 May and Scottish Monarch on 1 June Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn as part of Convoy OB 319. This was the second most successful U-boat patrol of the entire Second World War, with 12 ships sunk for a total of Шаблон:GRT.[6] On 5 May 1941, the 105mm deck gun exploded, wounding six crew members. U-105 returned to Lorient on 13 June,[7] and remained there until 3 August, when she departed on her third war patrol.[8]

On 5 August she was assigned to wolfpack 'Hammer' and remained with it until it was disbanded on 12 August,[9] when she was reassigned to wolfpack 'Grönland', with which she remained until its disbanding on 27 August.[10] She was then assigned to wolfpack 'Margrave',Шаблон:Sfn and sank the Panamanian merchant ship Montana, Шаблон:Sfn part of Convoy SC 42, on 11 September.Шаблон:Sfn She returned to Lorient nine days later.[8] U-105 left Lorient on her fourth patrol on 8 November 1941 and spent 36 days in the North Atlantic. On 14 November she was assigned to wolfpack 'Steuben' and remained with it until 2 December.[11] Having sunk no ships during the patrol, she returned to Lorient on 13 December 1941.[12] Georg Schewe left the boat shortly after this patrol, and was replaced as commander by Heinrich Schuch.[1]

1942

On 25 January 1942 U-105 left Lorient on her fifth patrol. On 31 January she sank the British warship Шаблон:HMS, part of Convoy SL 98,Шаблон:Sfn south-west of Ireland,[13] and, on 5 February 1942, she rescued seven men from a crashed German Dornier Do 24 350 miles off the coast of France. U-105 returned to Lorient on 8 February.[14] Seventeen days later, on 25 February, U-105 left Lorient. Between 25 and 27 March, she sank the British merchant ship Narragansett and the Norwegian merchant ship Svenør off the east coast of the United States. U-105 returned to Lorient on 15 April after spending 50 days in the North Atlantic,[15] and left on another patrol on 7 June. While crossing the Bay of Biscay, she was attacked by an Australian Short Sunderland aircraft from No. 10 Squadron RAAF. U-105 sought shelter in Ferrol, Spain[16] and did not leave until 28 June, when she departed for Lorient, which she reached on the 30th. The attack apparently caused serious damage, as she did not sail again until 23 November.[17] During this period, Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Adolf Schweichel was put in command of the boat, but did not undertake any patrols[18] and was replaced by Oberleutnant zur See Jürgen Nissen, under whose command U-105 left Lorient.[19]

While patrolling the North Atlantic she succeeded in sinking three British merchant ships; Orfor Шаблон:Sfn on 14 December 1942, C.S. Flight on 12 January 1943, and British Vigilance, part of Convoy TM 1, on 24 January, as well as the American freighter[20] Cape Decision on the 27th.[19] U-105 returned to Lorient on 14 February,[19] and remained there until 16 March. During this patrol, (on 1 April), the boat's commander, Jürgen Nissen, was promoted to Kapitänleutnant.[21] On 15 May 1943 U-105 sank the Greek merchant ship Maroussio Logothetis Шаблон:Sfn 250 miles southwest of Freetown.[22] On 2 June 1943, while passing close to Dakar, U-105 was attacked and sunk by the one and only Potez-CAMS 141 flying boat "Antarés" from Free French Squadron 141. All 53 crew members were killed.[1][23]Шаблон:Sfn

Summary of raiding history

Date Ship Nationality Tonnage[Note 1] Fate[24]
9 January 1941 Bassano Шаблон:Flag 4,843 Sunk
26 January 1941 Lurigethan Шаблон:Flag 3,564 Sunk
8 March 1941 Harmodius Шаблон:Flag 5,229 Sunk
18 March 1941 Medjerda Шаблон:Flag 4,380 Sunk
19 March 1941 Mandalika Шаблон:Flag 7,750 Sunk
21 March 1941 Benwyvis Шаблон:Flag 5,920 Sunk
21 March 1941 Clan Ogilvy Шаблон:Flag 5,802 Sunk
21 March 1941 Jhelum Шаблон:Flag 4,038 Sunk
5 April 1941 Ena de Larringa Шаблон:Flag 5,200 Sunk
6 May 1941 Oakdene Шаблон:Flag 4,255 Sunk
13 May 1941 Benyrackie Шаблон:Flag 6,434 Sunk
15 May 1941 Benvenue Шаблон:Flag 5,920 Sunk
16 May 1941 Rodney Star Шаблон:Flag 11,803 Sunk
1 June 1941 Scottish Monarch Шаблон:Flag 4,719 Sunk
11 September 1941 Montana Шаблон:Flag 1,549 Sunk
31 January 1942 HMS Culver Шаблон:Navy 1,546 Sunk
25 March 1942 Narrangansett Шаблон:Flag 10,389 Sunk
27 March 1942 Svenør Шаблон:Flag 7,616 Sunk
14 December 1942 Orfor Шаблон:Flag 6,578 Sunk
12 January 1943 C.S. Flight Шаблон:Flag 67 Sunk
24 January 1943 British Vigilance Шаблон:Flag 8,093 Sunk
27 January 1943 Cape Decision Шаблон:Flag 5,106 Sunk
15 May 1943 Marusso Logothetis Шаблон:Flag 4,669 Sunk

References

Notes

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Citations

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Bibliography

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External links

Шаблон:German Type IXB submarines Шаблон:June 1943 shipwrecks

Шаблон:Use dmy dates

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GH не указан текст
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GH2 не указан текст
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 19,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GH3 не указан текст


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