Английская Википедия:German submarine U-22 (1936)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Other ships Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox service recordGerman submarine U-22 was a Nazi German Type IIB U-boat which was commissioned in 1936 following construction at the Germaniawerft shipyards at Kiel. Her pre-war service was uneventful, as she trained crews and officers in the rapidly expanding U-boat arm of the Kriegsmarine following the abandonment of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles two years before.
Design
German Type IIB submarines were enlarged versions of the original Type IIs. U-22 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged. Officially, the standard tonnage was Шаблон:Convert, however.Шаблон:Sfn The U-boat had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two MWM RS 127 S four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines of Шаблон:Convert for cruising, two Siemens-Schuckert PG VV 322/36 double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-22 was fitted with three Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes at the bow, five torpedoes or up to twelve Type A torpedo mines, and a [[2 cm Flak 30|Шаблон:Convert anti-aircraft gun]]. The boat had a complement of twentyfive.Шаблон:Sfn
War Patrols
During the Second World War, she was mainly deployed for coastal work, a role enforced by her small size and endurance. Thus she was useful for operations in the North Sea and against the British coastal convoys, particularly along the north east seaboard of Great Britain. It was in this region that she scored her first successes, after fruitless operations off the Polish coast during the invasion of that country and a patrol against British shipping coming from Norwegian ports.
On 18 November 1939, she scored her first kill, sinking the trawler Wigmore off the Scottish coast. In December 1940 she laid mines off Blyth, in Northumberland, which claimed two coastal freighters and a naval patrol minesweeper in less than a week.[1] She was then used directly against Scottish convoys in the Moray Firth,[2] during which she achieved her greatest success, torpedoing the British destroyer Шаблон:HMS, which went down with all hands, the cause of her loss only discovered by the British after the war. Shortly afterwards, in thick fog, she sank a Danish ship from the same convoy. These were her final direct victims, although she later claimed another with a mine laid sometime before.
The submarine failed to return from her seventh patrol, for which she had departed on 20 March 1940. There is some indication that she was lost due to an unexplained mine detonation in the Skagerrak.[3] Some suggested,Шаблон:Who that she might have been rammed by the Polish submarine Шаблон:ORP, which reported crashing into something, but it was a month later (20 June) and newest analyses show, that the Wilk most probably collided with a buoy.[4] Whatever the cause, U-22 and her 27 crew were never seen again, lost somewhere in the North Sea in March 1940.
Summary of raiding history
| Date | Name | Nationality | Tonnage[Note 1] | Fate[5] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 November 1939 | Wigmore | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 345 | Sunk |
| 20 December 1939 | Mars | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,877 | Sunk (mine) |
| 23 December 1939 | HMS Dolphin | Шаблон:Navy | 3,099 | Sunk (mine) |
| 25 December 1939 | HMS Loch Doon | Шаблон:Navy | 534 | Sunk (mine) |
| 28 December 1939 | Hanne | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,080 | Sunk (mine) |
| 21 January 1940 | Ferryhill | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,086 | Sunk (mine) |
| 21 January 1940 | Шаблон:HMS | Шаблон:Navy | 1,475 | Sunk |
| 21 January 1940 | Tekla | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,469 | Sunk (mine) |
| 28 January 1940 | Eston | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,487 | Sunk (mine) |
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
External links
Шаблон:TypeIIsubmarine Шаблон:March 1940 shipwrecks
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ The Times Atlas of the World - Third edition, revised 1995, Шаблон:ISBN, p. 10
- ↑ The Times Atlas of the World, p. 11
- ↑ Andrzej S. Bartelski (in Polish). Prawdy i mity "Torpedy w celu" (Facts and myths in "Torpedo in target"). Biuletyn DWS.org.pl Nr.6, ISSN 2080-5780, pp. 48–50
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- Английская Википедия
- German Type II submarines
- U-boats commissioned in 1936
- Missing U-boats of World War II
- U-boats sunk in 1940
- World War II submarines of Germany
- 1936 ships
- World War II shipwrecks in the North Sea
- Ships built in Kiel
- U-boats sunk by mines
- Maritime incidents in March 1940
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