Английская Википедия:German submarine U-305
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox service recordGerman submarine U-305 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 30 August 1941 at the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 305, launched on 25 July 1942 and commissioned on 17 September under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Rudolf Bahr.
During her career, the U-boat sailed on four combat patrols, sinking four ships, before she was sunk on 16 January 1944 in mid-Atlantic, southwest of Ireland.
She was part of eight wolfpacks.
Design
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-305 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged.Шаблон:Sfn She had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-305 was fitted with five Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one [[8.8 cm SK C/35 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert SK C/35 naval gun]], 220 rounds, and two twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|Шаблон:Convert C/30]] anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.Шаблон:Sfn
Service history
The boat's service life began with training with the 8th U-boat Flotilla in September 1942. She was then transferred to the 1st flotilla for operations on 1 March.
First patrol
The submarine's first patrol began with her departure from Kiel on 27 February 1943. She passed through the gap between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and into the north Atlantic Ocean. On 17 March she sank Port Auckland and Zouave southeast of Cape Farewell (Greenland), the latter foundering in five minutes. The boat arrived in Brest in occupied France, on 12 April 1943.
Second and third patrols
U-305Шаблон:'s second foray was relatively uneventful, starting and finishing in Brest, as would all her remaining patrols, on 12 May and 1 June 1943.
On her third sortie, she sank Шаблон:HMCS on 20 September 1943. The Canadian warship was one of the first victims of a GNAT acoustic torpedo.
Fourth patrol and loss
The boat's final patrol commenced on 8 December 1943. She successfully attacked Шаблон:HMS southwest of Ireland. This ship sank in just two minutes, with the loss of 83 men.
U-305 was lost in January 1944. Fifty-one men died; there were no survivors.
U-305 was originally thought to have been sunk by the British destroyer Шаблон:HMS and the frigate Шаблон:HMS at Шаблон:Coord on 17 January 1944.[1][2][3] but recent research suggests this attack sank Шаблон:GS, and U-305 was lost by unknown cause, possibly a victim of one of her own torpedoes.[4]
Wolfpacks
U-305 took part in eight wolfpacks, namely:
- Stürmer (11 – 20 March 1943)
- Seewolf (21 – 30 March 1943)
- Mosel (19 – 23 May 1943)
- Leuthen (15 – 24 September 1943)
- Rossbach (25 September – 5 October 1943)
- Borkum (18 December 1943 – 3 January 1944)
- Borkum 1 (3 – 13 January 1944)
- Rügen (13 – 16 January 1944)
Summary of raiding history
| Date | Ship name | Nationality | Tonnage[Note 1] | Fate[5] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 March 1943 | Port Auckland | Шаблон:Flag | 8,789 | Sunk |
| 17 March 1943 | Zouave | Шаблон:Flag | 4,256 | Sunk |
| 20 September 1943 | HMCS St. Croix | Шаблон:Navy | 1,190 | Sunk |
| 7 January 1944 | HMS Tweed | Шаблон:Navy | 1,370 | Sunk |
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book Originally published by Poole in 1986.
- Шаблон:Cite book
External links
Шаблон:German Type VII submarines Шаблон:January 1944 shipwrecks Шаблон:Subject bar
- ↑ Whinney 1986, p.11-18
- ↑ Paul Kemp, U-Boats Destroyed (1997) Шаблон:ISBN, p165
- ↑ Axel Niestle, U-Boat Losses during World War II (1998) Шаблон:ISBN, p54
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокuboatnetне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- Английская Википедия
- German Type VIIC submarines
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- World War II submarines of Germany
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- Submarines lost with all hands
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- Maritime incidents in January 1944
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