Английская Википедия:German submarine U-312

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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox service record

German submarine U-312 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 10 April 1942 at the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 312, launched on 27 February 1943 and commissioned on 21 April under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Kurt-Heinz Nicolay.

During her career, the U-boat sailed on eight combat patrols, but sank no ships. She surrendered on 9 May 1945 and was sunk as part of Operation Deadlight on 29 November 1945.

She was a member of eight wolfpacks.

Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-312 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged.Шаблон:Sfn She had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-312 was fitted with five Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one [[8.8 cm SK C/35 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert SK C/35 naval gun]], 220 rounds, and two twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|Шаблон:Convert C/30]] anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.Шаблон:Sfn

Service history

After training with the 8th U-boat Flotilla, U-312 was transferred to the 6th flotilla, for front-line service on 1 December 1943. She made the short voyage from Kiel in Germany to Bergen in Norway in the first half of January 1944.

First, second and third patrols

She left Bergen on 23 January 1944 and travelled through the north Norwegian Sea and southwest of Bear Island, arriving in Hammerfest on 29 February.

Her second patrol was similar to the first, sailing through the Norwegian, Greenland and Barents Seas. She docked at Narvik on 12 April 1944.

The boat sortied for a third time from Narvik on 29 April 1944. She arrived back at that port on 13 May and moved to Trondheim.

Fourth and fifth patrols

Her fourth foray was relatively uneventful, starting and finishing in Narvik.

The submarine's fifth patrol was only notable for clearing the North Cape and passing east of Murmansk.

Sixth, seventh and eighth patrols

Patrol number six was slightly different in that it took her as far as the northern Scottish coast, arriving there on 24 December 1944.

The boat was now based at Kilbotn, from whence she sailed on her seventh and eighth patrols.

Surrender and fate

Following the German capitulation, U-312 was moved, first from Kilbotn to Narvik, then to Skjomenfjord before arriving at Loch Eriboll in Scotland on 19 May 1945 in preparation for Operation Deadlight. She was finally transferred to Lisahally and sunk on 29 November by the guns of Шаблон:HMS.

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

External links

• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite web